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Dynasty: Song Dynasty
Author: Zhu Xi
Original text:
The sun is shining brightly on the Surabaya shore, and the boundless scenery is new for a while.
It’s easy to recognize that in the east wind, spring is always spring.
Translation
It’s a beautiful and sunny spring outing on the shore of Surabaya, and the boundless scenery takes on a new look.
Everyone can see the face of spring. The spring breeze blows flowers into bloom and is a riot of purple and red. There are spring scenery everywhere.
Notes
1. Kasuga: spring.
2. Victory Day: A good day with sunny weather can also show people’s good mood.
3. Xunfang: spring outing, outing.
4. Sishui: the name of the river, in Shandong Province.
5. Bin: waterside, riverside.
6. Scenery: scenery.
7. Easy: ordinary, easy. "Easy to recognize" means easy to recognize.
8. Dongfeng: spring breeze.
Appreciation
People generally think that this is a Wing Chun poem. Judging from the scenery written in the poem, it is very similar to this. The first sentence "Shengri seeks the beauty of the Surabaya coast", "Shengri" refers to a sunny day and points out the weather. "Surabaya Shore" indicates the location. "Xunfang" means looking for beautiful spring scenery, which highlights the theme. The following three sentences are all written about what is seen and gained in "Xunfang". The second sentence, "The boundless scenery is new for a while," describes the initial impression gained from watching the spring scenery. Use "boundless" to describe all the scenery within sight. "A moment of newness" not only describes the return of spring to the earth and the natural scenery taking on a new look, but also describes the author's refreshing and joyful feeling during an outing. The third sentence "Easy to know the Dongfeng side", the word "knowledge" in the sentence inherits the word "find" in the first sentence. "Easy to recognize" means that the face and characteristics of spring are easily identifiable. "Dongfengmian" also refers to spring. The fourth sentence, "There is always spring when there are thousands of purples and reds" means that the scenes are all dyed by spring light, and people know spring from these thousands of purples and reds. Feel the beauty of spring. This specifically explains why we can "know the east wind side easily". The word "a thousand purples and reds" in this sentence echoes the word "a new situation" in the second sentence. The third and fourth sentences use figurative language to specifically describe the new situation and the gains from seeking fragrance.
Literally, this poem seems to be about the impressions of spring outing, but if you look closely, the location of the search for fragrance is the shore of Surabaya, which was occupied by the Jin people when the Song Dynasty was crossing south. Zhu Xi had never gone north, so of course it was impossible for him to travel to the shores of Surabaya to sing and sing in spring. In fact, the word "Sishui" in the poem refers to Confucius, because in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius once taught students by singing string songs between Zhu and Si. Therefore, the so-called "seeking" refers to seeking the way of saints. "A thousand purples and reds" refers to the richness and variety of Confucianism. The poet compares the way of the saint to the spring breeze that stimulates vitality and ignites all things. This is actually a philosophical poem that embodies truth and interest in images.
Creation background
People generally think that this poem is the author's spring outing when he was outing in spring. According to the age of the author's life, it can be known that the time when this poem was written was in Surabaya. The land had long been occupied by the Jin people, and the author had never gone north to reach Surabaya.
Expansion
Ancient Poems Spring Lesson Plan
Textbook analysis: The poem "Spring" describes what the poet saw and felt in search of spring: On a warm spring day , the poet came to the Sishui River for an outing. At a glance, he felt that everything was brand new. Why? Because the warm east wind encourages hundreds of flowers to bloom, giving people a colorful spring. The poet praised the beauty of spring and also explained the truth that "east wind" is the source of spring.
Teaching objectives:
1. Recite ancient poems and understand their meaning;
2. Feel the beautiful scene of spring and feel the poet's happy mood in search of spring.
3. Stimulate students’ interest in reading and seeking knowledge.
Teaching focus:
Read ancient poems with emotion, understand the meaning of the poem, imagine the picture depicted by the poem, and understand the thoughts and feelings expressed by the poet.
Teaching preparation:
Collect words and ancient poems that describe spring that you have learned.
Preparation before class
1. Draw horizontal lines on the blackboard to facilitate students to write on the blackboard.
Prepare some words and poems describing spring in ppt courseware.
2. Divide into study groups before class
Teaching steps:
1. Reading Spring: Accumulating words and sentences (can be used as a pre-class activity)
Let’s drive a small train and each person reads a word to see who is bolder, whose Mandarin standard is better, and whose voice is nicer.
(Students have difficulties, teachers and students will help, and ppt will be shown)
1. Show four-character words:
Spring returns to the earth
Spring is beautiful
< p> Spring scenery is beautifulSpring scenery is beautiful
Spring scenery is pleasant
Spring swallows return to their nests
Spring breeze is triumphant
Spring scenery is charming
Boundless spring scenery
Spring is full of joy
Spring is warm and flowers are blooming
2. Show some good lines from famous poems:
There are thousands of willows in the spring breeze
The south bank of the river is green again in the spring breeze
I don’t know who cut out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors.
The dawn is cold outside the green poplar smoke, and the spring breeze is stirring on the red apricot branches.
Peach blossoms bloom in clusters without owners, lovely deep red and light red.
The plan for the year lies in spring
The season waits for no one, spring is better than gold
1. Students, when spring comes, people will naturally think of Ancient poets praised spring. They are so infatuated, so wild, and so appreciative of spring! It can be said that spring is described in a gorgeous and charming way, to a wonderful point. There are many poems by the ancients praising spring. However, the one that people love the most and admire the most is "Spring Day" by Zhu Xi, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty: "The sun is fragrant on the Si River, and the boundless scenery is new for a while." It is easy to recognize that in the east wind, there is always spring in a thousand colors. (Show "Spring Day")
2. What we are going to learn today is this poem. Who knows the meaning of the title?
3. Please feel free to read "Spring Day" written by Zhu Xi aloud, and make notes while reading.
4. After reading this poem, can you guess the mood of the poet Zhu Xi in spring? (Happy, joyful, excited, happy, cheerful, excited, comfortable, comfortable, proud...) (Students write on both sides of the blackboard)
5. Guessing is just guessing after all. If you can find it from the poem Provide "evidence" to prove the poet's mood at that time, and you can confidently say that I am not guessing, I have a reason. (Name a place and ask students to write the words on the blackboard on the corresponding horizontal line)
The teacher’s instructions are as follows:
(1) Victory day-originally refers to a festival or a gathering of relatives and friends. The day of meeting here refers to the day when the weather is fine, the day when the wind is beautiful, the day when the sun is shining, the day when the sun is shining. People's mood is always related to the weather. When the weather is good, people's mood is also good.
(2) Seeking Fragrance - Spring outing, outing in spring, enjoying flowers, looking at flowers and scenery, and looking for beautiful scenery. I must be very happy during the spring outing.
(3) Surabaya Riverside - Surabaya Riverside. The Sishui River is a beautiful river. Can you feel comfortable riding horses, walking and playing by such a beautiful river?
(4) Boundless - endless, no boundaries, everywhere. When your vision is broadened, your mood will be broadened.
(5) Scenery - scenery, scenery. Can a place that is not beautiful be called scenery? The beautiful scenery makes the poet extremely happy.
(6) Suddenly new - suddenly a new look. Moment: fast, surprising, exciting, exciting. The renewal of all things makes the poet feel new and happy, just like you put on new clothes.
(7) Easy to understand - easy to understand: casual, relaxed, easy, no need to worry. The poet is leisurely and contented, forgetting his worries. It shows that the face and characteristics of spring are easy to recognize, and that spring is everywhere. Know: feel, appreciate, realize, come into contact with.
(8) Dongfeng face - the face of spring breeze. There is a word called "spring breeze is proud", which means that when the spring breeze comes, you feel proud. The poet is enjoying the spring breeze and enjoying spring.
(9) Colorful purples and reds - this is an idiom, and this idiom comes from this poem. In other words, this idiom was "invented" by Zhu Xi. There are all kinds of colors, describing the blooming of a hundred flowers and bright colors. Now it is also used to describe colorful things or infinitely beautiful scenes. Can the poet not be happy when he sees the flowers blooming?
(10) It is always spring - it is always spring, it must be spring. The poet was completely intoxicated by the colorful scenery. He said from the bottom of his heart that "the colorful scenes are all blown by the spring breeze."
6. Spring is so beautiful! When the poet saw this colorful spring, he felt... and...
In short, it's great! Let us read it aloud freely. You can read it in whatever mood you want.
7. Clearly poetic, read with music.
On a bright spring day, the poet was in high spirits and came to the Sishui River to enjoy the beautiful scenery. As far as the eye can see, the infinite scenery gives people a refreshing feeling. The poet is leisurely and contented, feeling the freshness and warmth of the spring breeze, enjoying the beauty and fragrance of the colorful flowers, and can't help but become inspired by poetry... (Teachers and students recite "Spring Day")
Listen, the sound is coming from a distance The sound of spring is coming, let us read together with the melody of spring.
(Teachers and students read to music, teachers read first, students then)
3. Cherishing Spring: Seeking Knowledge in a Sea of ??Books
Students, spring is so beautiful! Spring, how wonderful it would be if you were always by our side! But your footsteps are always so hurried in spring. Can you stay for me a little longer?
My classmates, you are now in the spring of life. Your eyes are as clear as spring water, your cheeks are as gorgeous as flowers, and your thoughts are as bright as spring. Dear classmates, you are How do you plan to spend the spring in your life?
(Student exchanges, teachers supplement Zhu Xi’s story of studying)
4. Homework: Painting Spring
1. Great! Reading Zhu Xi's poems, we seem to have come to the beautiful Sishui River. Spring seems to have come before our eyes and blended into our hearts. Classmates, has spring ever been to your hometown, to the paths, rivers, fields you pass by every day? Has it also come to our central primary school? Students, pick up the pen and draw the spring in your heart?
2 Silently write "Spring Day"
Let the children walk into spring and into the text by themselves
——Reflections on the teaching of the ancient poem "Spring Day"
< p>In this most beautiful season of the year - spring, I walked into the beautiful Shiyan Central Primary School with a sense of joy, expectation, excitement, and... The children in class (4) studied the ancient poem "Spring Day" written by Zhu Xi together. What makes me even more happy is that the two leaders of the Teaching and Research Office, Director Chen of the Teaching Office, and Teacher Zhuang walked into "Spring Day" with the children. No matter whether the teaching is successful or not, my heart is like spring water.Zhu Xi’s poem "Spring Day" is a masterpiece among Wing Chun poems. If you only focus on "explanation" when teaching this ancient poem, it will definitely be boring and uninteresting. Considering that the poet's happiness, joy, excitement, excitement, comfort, and pride when he went out to enjoy the spring are contained in every word in the poem, there are many places worthy of careful consideration and repeated tasting, I thought: Why not students can already On the premise of reading the words clearly and interestingly, it can open up the spark of their thinking and let students first make bold guesses about the poet's mood when he wrote the poem, and then carefully read and consider every word in the ancient poem. , understand the meaning, find evidence for the conjecture, and then give feedback to the whole class after group communication, and read aloud with emotion during the feedback process? I also found from relevant information that the poem "Spring Day" is not only a Wing Chun poem (a poem praising spring), but also a profound poem to encourage students to learn. So, I thought, I want students to pass this poem. When studying poetry, I know that it is not just poets who are enjoying the fun of spring, spring is infinitely good! Enjoy the fun of reading and enjoy reading books for a long time! The children and I should also be enjoying the spring day and looking for the "beautiful" mood in the poems. If the poet is happy, so are we! After learning this poem, we will definitely be inspired.
Based on my own understanding and thinking, under the guidance of the teaching concept of "learning ancient poetry is not boring, learning ancient poetry can also be full of interest, and learning ancient poetry can also enjoy happiness", I formulated the following class hours Objectives:
1. Recite ancient poems and understand their meaning;
2. Feel the beautiful scene of spring and feel the poet's happy mood in search of spring.
3. Stimulate students’ interest in reading and seeking knowledge.
I have also determined the following teaching steps:
1. Read spring: feel the spring from the words and poems we have learned before, and increase our accumulation.
2. Wing Chun: Enjoy the colorful spring and feel the joy of spring from Zhu Xi's "Spring Day".
3. Appreciate spring: From the joy of spring, we realize that although spring is beautiful, time flies by, and inspires children to seek knowledge.
4. Painting spring: turning spring feelings into poetry, turning poetry into painting, depicting spring, and praising spring.
The teaching design was finalized the night before. I had just taken over Class 3 (4) and did not have much time to analyze the students’ academic situation. I was not sure about the success of the group discussion. But I am confident that I can handle the class.
With this confidence and even more expectation, the children and I learned this lesson together. Considering that children may have less accumulation of extracurricular Chinese knowledge, before class, I prepared some good words and sentences about spring for them to read before class, which not only increases their accumulation but also creates a "spring atmosphere". breath".
But the teaching process was not as I expected. I feel like a failure like never before! I didn’t even have time to perform the last part of Xichun! A sense of failure arises spontaneously! I don't understand why the children are not engaged and enthusiastic! And there are so many teachers attending classes? Is my poetry not enough? Is there something wrong with my instructional design?
The authorities are confused, but the bystanders are clear. The teacher who was listening to the class immediately found the crux of the problem:
First of all, the writing on the blackboard was disorganized. After students guess the poet's mood, they can be guided to classify these words, so that students' learning ideas will be clearer. There will not be so many similar words on the blackboard, which is messy and a waste of time. Director Chen pointed out that the blackboard writing was simply empty.
Yes, why don't I let students write the "evidence" they find on the blackboard instead of writing words about their mood?
Secondly, the students did not read enough and did not give students enough time to read. The teacher did not get close to the text with the students, which resulted in the subsequent discussion becoming a castle in the air. The students were also confused and lost interest. .
Thirdly, the students’ subjectivity was not fully developed. From the beginning, the teachers did not trust the students and felt that they could not think of any words or poems about spring, so they took it upon themselves to provide some beautiful words and sentences. Let the students read, but the students did not read enthusiastically. The entire teaching process rarely considers students' feelings and analyzes students' academic status. As Director Chen said, "it seems to be for the teachers attending the class." As a result, even the "bottom" was not saved.
We were supposed to be leading the students into spring, but instead we were leading the teachers to the banks of the Surabaya River to take a quick look at the flowers, but the students were still outside the spring!
Thinking about "Spring Day" will continue--------