First of all, Meng Haoran's seclusion is his sincere choice to get close to nature. "In the near future, the dim moonlight will wear a misty tree" and "Hut door, pine and cypress path, lonely and quiet", the scenery of Deer Gate is so beautiful and quiet, how can we get this beautiful and moving sentence without love for natural scenery! There are many poems in Meng Haoran's poetry collection, such as "There are trees like a row of grass on the horizon, and there are islands like a moon near the river", "The wind is light and the night is cool, and the feng shui sounds clear to the ears", "Wei Yun is a light river with sparse raindrops and sparse phoenix trees" and "How wide the world is, how close the trees are to the sky, and how clear the water is and the moon is!" "The wind sends me lotus fragrance, and the bamboo leaves are dripping with dew music", "The green trees are near the village, and the green hills are slanting outside", and Piri Yun Xiu said: "(Meng Haoran) enters poetry when he meets the scenery, regardless of strangeness." Meng Haoran wrote: "If the weather is not so cool and sunny this autumn, the quiet dusk may seem a bit sad." All these show the author's sincere love for nature.
Secondly, Meng Haoran's recluse was really influenced by Pang Degong, a recluse of the previous generation. Lumeng is a secluded holy place, with Xianshan and Lumeng separated by a river. Pang Degong has been handed down from generation to generation, and Meng Haoran cannot but be moved and deeply admired. The word "I came to an ancient seclusion unconsciously" revealed the news. Wen Yiduo's article Meng Haoran said: "Seclusion is a general tendency of that era, but it is only an expectation for others, at most it is only a temporary adjustment or overdue compensation, but it is a complete fact for Meng Haoran. Among the complicated factors that constitute this fact, the historical and geographical background of my hometown may be a very important point. " Then he said: "Like many literati with hermit tendencies at that time, Meng Haoran initially lived in seclusion for a romantic ideal and a sacred tacit understanding with the ancients. In his time, there was no doubt that the tacit understanding was Pang Degong. " It is true that in an era of political prosperity, making contributions will become the main theme of that era, and Meng Haoran can't be indifferent, but it is influenced by the world wind rather than out of sincerity. Otherwise, Han Chaozong, the secretariat of Jingzhou, invited him to Beijing to seek an official position for him. How could he indulge in drinking and make Han Palace angry, so that his career path was destroyed? "Haoran scolded:' I have already drunk, pity him!' ""I was angry with the sect and said goodbye, but I don't regret it. " ("Old Tang Book") Haoran has no regrets and abandons wealth like dirt. This is the nature of Haoran!
Meng Haoran, like a deer gate and a bright moon, illuminates the lonely and ethereal road of the world!
Speaking of seclusion, how can we avoid Tao Yuanming? Due to well-known reasons, Tao Qian left the officialdom and retired to the countryside. In the bleak life of "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely", I seem to have forgotten my ambition of eliminating pesticides for the people. However, as long as we read his Ode to Jing Ke and other articles, we can still feel the poet's restless heart. However, at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, political corruption and dirty officialdom made Tao Yuanming seem to have to make such a choice. Tao Yuanming is like a quiet chrysanthemum in Dongli, proudly blooming under the southern mountain of history!
Wang Wei, Meng Haoran's good friend, lived a semi-official and semi-secluded life in his later years. Wang Wei's choice comes from his last move. In his early years, he was in high spirits and had a successful career. He should have done something vigorous, made contributions and made a statement. But the An Shi Rebellion broke out and shattered his life. Chang' an fell and was forced to assume a false post; After the rebellion was put down, the court let bygones be bygones, and so did officials, but the poet's original ambition to forge ahead vanished with the turmoil. Talking about Zen, writing poems and painting became the main contents of his life in Wangchuan Villa. Wang Wei's seclusion (? ) How much with a touch of bitterness, like the clear spring in his pen, sobbing through the turquoise!
Therefore, by studying Meng Haoran, Tao Yuanming and Wang Wei's seclusion, we can naturally appreciate their different feelings in the depths of their seclusion posture!
There is a kind of seclusion, not returning to the heart, but the road to fame and fortune; Not leisurely singing, but urgent calling; This is not a leisure time to climb Gaodong and Liu Linqing, hang sails and visit famous mountains. It's not like Dai Yue hoes and talks about Sang Ma with a cup in his hand. It is a kind pursuit of fame and fortune and a clever use of various titles. Zhong Nanshan is indeed a shortcut to Vanity Fair. No wonder so many people crowded in. How can Zhong Nanshan's Taoist temple accommodate this secular noise? How can he greet people like Lu Zangyong with a frown again and again? It seems that cleanliness is still Lumeng Mountain!
As the saying goes, "it's hidden in the city." The hermits recorded in The Analects of Confucius include Shimen gatekeeper, lotus seed, long-lost stubbornness, lotus seed's husband, Chu madman and so on. These people are either humble gatekeepers, farmers who plow their fields by coupling, or crazy people who don't know their jobs. In the eyes of ordinary people, the price of "hiding in the city" is the hardship of life and the lack of poetry. In the face of turbulent times, hermits choose to avoid the world, showing lofty ethics and indifferent feelings! Perhaps this life choice is not noble, but it also shines with the brilliance of human nature and exudes the charm of personality! Let those greedy snobs feel ashamed! Li Bai said: "Mountain, how I long to reach your side, even here I can breathe your fragrance!" ! "His admiration for Meng Haoran is sincere!
This is exactly: the same seclusion, different feelings!