I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it!
Every couplet in this poem is hazy. The first two sentences, listening to the complicated strings of Jinse, thinking about the past; The sound is complicated and confusing, so it's hard to say. Qian Qian's ten thousand memories and nine soulful songs form the multi-level hazy connotation of the poem.
Zhuan Xu wrote that Du Yu turned into a bird from Zhuang Zhou Meng Die. In an illusory dream, Zhuang Zhou suddenly "dreams are butterflies, and butterflies are vivid." Suddenly I woke up again. "A week, then." I wonder if Zhou Zhimeng is a butterfly. Is the butterfly's dream a week? "This is a hazy dream. Du Yu looked at the emperor and became a cuckoo after his death. Every year in late spring and March, he cries for courtship, bleeding in his mouth and crying. What is written here is an ethereal and illusory bird. Poets write dreams and grievances, but what they want to express is the sadness and resentment in the hazy inner world.
With tearful and poetic eyes, pearls and jadeite are written on the neckline. The moon is a pearl in the sky, like a bright moon in water; The bright moon falls between the seas, and pearls are bathed in tears-forming a hazy fairyland where pearls and tears are hard to understand for a month. The next sentence is the hazy scene of "Lantian is warm and fertile, and it is urgent to let it go." Throughout the All-China Federation, it is written that yin and yang are warm and cold, and jade is beautiful. Although the realm is different, disappointment is one. The hazy natural scenery reflects the hazy emotional world.
The last sentence is a multi-level and tortuous analysis of the emotional world: such feelings have become an unbearable past at present, but how frustrating it was at the beginning!
After reading the complete poem, we will find out: is the object pursued by the poet through expressing his feelings and devoting himself to love a lover or a political goal that fascinates him and urges him to devote himself? There is nothing explicit or implicit in this poem. The poet handed the greatest "confusion" to the reader.
Generally speaking, Jinse can't be a "self-study poem".
But there are also many people who deliberately seek depth and try to discover the so-called "secret" of this poem. Some people think that Li Shangyin "married the king at the age of twenty-five, which means that his wife is the same age and his husband and wife are twenty-five, which is suitable for guqin." Some people think that "Jinse was the name of the aristocrat who loved Ji at that time." "It's still Yun Jinse, the concubine of Linghu Chu." They asserted that Jinse was a work mourning women.
However, many people disagree with this profound explanation. Su Dongpo's interpretation of the poem Jinse not only takes care of the relationship between the four middle sentences of the whole poem and Jinse, but also summarizes the complex thoughts and feelings that have been soaked for fifty years. He said, "This is ancient and modern music. Yun Jinse is also a musical instrument. Its string is fifty, its column is like this, and its sound is appropriate, resentful, clear and harmonious. " Such as: "Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, butterfly bewitch" is just right; "Wang Chunxin's cuckoo crow" complains: "Mermaids shed pearl-like tears in the moonlight green sea" is also very clear; The blue fields are breathing their jade to the sun.
But for Li Shangyin, these four poems expressing the overall feelings of "comfort, resentment, purity and harmony" should have their specific significance. The so-called "Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, Butterfly bewitched" contains the element of "confusion" in "fitness", which is limited by the poem "at that time"; The so-called "Lantian is breathing its own jade against the sun", in the "harmony", gave birth to a short-lived hope and final disillusionment, but also limited by "the melancholy at that time."
We can't help but see that there seems to be traces of "Rex Sacrifice" in the middle of Li Shangyin's poem "Jinse". Every poem written by people in the Tang and Song Dynasties begins with a good sentence and then becomes an article, which naturally increases the difficulty of finding a solution. Yuan Haowen's view on Jinse in Jin Dynasty has a long history.
Wang's longing for love is crying in the cuckoo, and a beautiful woman, Jinse, is complaining about China's New Year.
Poets always love Quincy, but hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng.
His views should be quite insightful.
Li Shangyin (about 8 12 or 8 13- about 858), whose real name is Yuxi Sheng and Fan Nansheng. Poets in late Tang Dynasty. My ancestral home is in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Aibo, Henan) and my ancestral home is Xingyang (now Henan). His poems are of great literary value. Wen, which is called Xiao with Du Mu, is called Wen Li, which is similar to Duan and Wen in the same period, and both of them are ranked as 16 in the family, so they are also called "Thirty-six Style". There are 300 Tang poems, including 22 poems by Li Shangyin, ranking fourth.
all one's life
Li Shangyin was a scholar in Tang Wenzong in the second year (AD 847). He was a judge of Hongnongwei, Sasuke shogunate and Dongchuan Festival. In the early days, Li Shangyin won the appreciation of Ling Huchu, an important member of the Cattle Party, because of his literary talent, and Li Party married his daughter because he loved him, so he was rejected by the Cattle Party. Since then, Li Shangyin struggled for survival in the struggle between Niu and Li factions, worked as an aide in various provinces, and was frustrated and down and out for life. In the light of predecessors, the poetry circle in the late Tang Dynasty has reached the end of its tether, and Li Shangyin pushed it to another peak. He is the most famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, along with Du Mu.
The social status of the family
Li Shangyin once claimed to belong to the same clan as the royal family in the Tang Dynasty. Zhang Caitian's textual research confirmed that he was a distant imperial clan in the Tang Dynasty. But there is no official document to prove this, so it can be considered that this blood relationship between Li Shangyin and the royal family in the Tang Dynasty is quite distant. Li Shangyin affirmed his imperial clan status many times in his poems. However, this did not bring him any real benefits.
Li Shangyin's family can be traced back to his great-grandfather Li She. The highest administrative post that Li She once held was Meiyuan county magistrate; Great-great-grandfather Li Shuheng (uncle) is an Anyang county commandant. Grandfather Li Biao, a former Xingzhou document, joined the army; His father, Reese, was once an imperial adviser in the temple. When Li Shangyin was born, Li Siren was ordered by jia county (now jia county, Henan).
one's early years
Around 10, Li Shangyin's father died in the shogunate of Zhejiang, and he returned to his hometown in Henan with his mother and younger siblings, living in poverty and relying on relatives for help. At home, Li Shangyin is the eldest son, so he also bears the responsibility of supporting the portal. Later, he mentioned in his article that he was a "bookseller" when he was young, that is, copying books for others to earn money to supplement his family.
Li Shangyin's poor life in his early years had a great influence on the formation of his character and thoughts. On the one hand, he is eager to be an official as soon as possible to honor his ancestors. As a matter of fact, he did try to shoulder the responsibilities of the family. As an adult, Li Shangyin used the time of his mother's death to move the coffins of relatives buried in various places to Xingyang. Chen Yiyun believes that this is not only dominated by the patriarchal ideology, but also because he was lonely and poor since childhood, so he paid more attention to the love of flesh and blood. On the other hand, his early experience made him develop a hesitant, sensitive and lofty character, which was not only reflected in his poems, but also reflected in his tortuous career.
Li Shangyin's enlightenment education may come from his father, and the teacher who had the greatest influence on him was an uncle of the same clan he met after returning home. The uncle went to imperial academy, but he never became an official and lived in seclusion. According to Li Shangyin's memory, this uncle was very accomplished in Confucian classics, primary school, ancient prose and calligraphy, and was highly valued by Li Shangyin. Influenced by him, Li Shangyin "can write ancient prose, but he doesn't like accidentally". At about the age of 16, he wrote two excellent articles (the theory of genius and the theory of holiness, which no longer exist), and won the appreciation of some scholars. Among these scholars, Tian Pingjun was the envoy of Linghu Chu.
Linghu Chu is another important figure in Li Shangyin's study career. He is an expert in parallel prose and appreciates Li Shangyin's talent very much. Not only taught him the writing skills of parallel prose, but also subsidized his family life and encouraged him to make friends with his children. With the help of Ling Huchu, Li Shangyin's parallel prose writing has made rapid progress, from which he gained great confidence, hoping to develop his career with this ability. During this period (the fourth year of Taihe in 830), Li Shangyin's gratitude and self-satisfaction to Ling Huchu were beyond words: "There was never the slightest neglect, and I gave a pen and inkstone for nothing. Since I deliver books in the middle of the night, I don't envy Wang Xiang for having a sword. "
official career
In the Tang Dynasty, intellectuals who lacked family background all wanted to develop in their official career. There are two main entrances: imperial examination and shogunate. The former is considered as the qualification to enter the officialdom and the official recognition of its administrative ability; The latter is a political team cultivated by some powerful bureaucrats themselves. If they perform well, they can often become official officials of the court through the recommendation of these bureaucrats. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, many officials were qualified for the imperial examination and had experience as aides.
Li Shangyin was appreciated by Linghu Chu when he was young. He had the opportunity to learn Liu Siwen from him and naturally became Linghu Chu's assistant. However, it is precisely because of this experience that he has been entangled in the political whirlpool of the party struggle between Niu and Li all his life.
The dispute between Niu and Li originated from the imperial examination in the third year of Yuanhe (808). Li Jifu, then prime minister, attacked candidates Niu Senru and Li Zongmin because they severely criticized him in the examination paper. As a result, Li Jifu made enemies with Niu Sengru, Li Zongmin and others, and was later inherited by Li Deyu, the son of Ji Li Fu. The "Niu Party" led by Niu Senru and Li Zongmin and the "Li Party" led by Li Deyu attacked each other and fought endlessly for decades, which became a major political contradiction in the late Tang Dynasty.
Li Shangyin's former governor, Ling Huchu, belonged to the "Cattle Party". With his help, Li Shangyin entered the political arena. In the second year of Tang Wenzong (837), Linghu Mao, the son of Linghu Chu, helped Li Shangyin win the Jinshi. After Linghu Chu died, Li Shangyin became the adjutant of Wang Maoyuan, the envoy of Jingyuan, and was appreciated by him. He married his daughter. Wang Maoyuan made friends with Li Deyu and was regarded as a member of the Li Party. This marriage made him regarded as the middleman of Li Party by Niu Party. However, Li Shangyin himself may want to stay out of the party struggle between Niu and Li. His contacts include Niu and Li, and both of them are affirmed and criticized in his poems. However, it is obviously wishful thinking to remain neutral in political struggle. As a result, Li Shangyin didn't please both sides, which made the fox particularly hate him and thought he was ungrateful. Li Shangyin tried many times to remedy Hu Ling's high position, including writing some poems to Hu Ling (such as A Word to Secretary Hu Ling), hoping that he would look back, but Hu Ling always ignored him.
In this case, Li Shangyin's official career is obviously not smooth. He served in Tang Wenzong for four years (839) and Tang Wuzong Huichang for five years (845), but he was only a junior official for a short time. Li Shangyin also worked as a junior official in the grass-roots government (four to five years: Hongnong County Commandant; Two years-three years: lost), but also short and bumpy. He spent most of his life working under the protection of some foreign officials. In fact, whether the "Niu Party" or the "Li Party" is in power, Li Shangyin has never had a chance of promotion. His political career ended in the 12th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (856). At that time, he followed the transportation of salt and iron, making Liu Zhongying an official of salt and iron. When Liu was transferred to the Ministry of War, he immediately lost his job. He died soon after he returned to his hometown.
Widowed in his later years and frustrated in officialdom, he believed in Buddhism.
Social contact
According to the style of some of Li Shangyin's poems, it is inferred that he is introverted (Yuan XIngpei, editor-in-chief: Chapter IV Xi of China Literature History). This guess is somewhat arbitrary. If we look at Li Shangyin's other lively and humorous works, we can draw a completely opposite conclusion. Existing materials (mainly his own poems and articles) show that Li Shangyin has a wide range of social activities, and he is a sociable and popular person.
The characters in Li Shangyin's social circle are divided into four categories:
People related to career and people's livelihood. Including Ling Huchu, Hu Ling Mao, Cui Rong, Wang Maoyuan, Li Zhifang, Lu Hongzhi, Zheng Ya, Liu Zhongying, Li Hui, Du Yan, Xiao Huan, Yang Yuqing, Yang Sifu, Zhou Yong, Yao He, Sun Jian and others. Give to each other and make friends with poets. Including Du Mu, Wen, Bai Juyi and others.
Friends with similar political views or beliefs. Including Liu Geng, Taoist Yong, Cui Jue, Li Ying and others.
A courtesy connection between friends or relatives. Including all stages of Ling and his colleagues.
Contact with ling huchu
After his father died, Li Shangyin accompanied his mother back to his hometown in Henan, which was a completely strange and quite difficult environment for him. During his growing up, there was no family or family influence to help him naturally enter a social circle. Li Shangyin established his own social network by virtue of his talent, character and personality. As early as the age of sixteen, he began to associate with some local intellectuals, distributed his works to them for reading, and gained a certain reputation-perhaps this is why he attracted the attention of Ling Huchu.
Knowing Linghu Chu is one of the most important events in Li Shangyin's life, and his later life state is largely related to it. Linghu Chu helped Li Shangyin to enter the social class of scholar-officials, but at the same time, he was also involved in the whirlpool of party struggle. From 829 (the third year of Emperor Wenzong's reign) when Ling Huchu hired him as his aide to 837 (the second year of Emperor Wenzong's reign) when he died, they maintained a very close relationship. Li Shangyin won the trust of Ling Huchu with humility and sincerity. One thing can illustrate the degree of this trust: Linghu Chu called Li Shangyin to his side on his deathbed and asked him to write a suicide note on his behalf-this is not an ordinary suicide note, but a political suicide note to be presented to the emperor. Linghu Chu himself is a master of this style, and he would rather let Li Shangyin help him complete the summary of his life. On the other hand, there is a very subtle sense of distance between them. Li Shangyin called Linghu Chu "four zhangs" on some occasions, which seemed quite close, but he never relaxed and forgot to express his gratitude from time to time. Of course, rather than Li Shangyin keeping his distance carefully, Linghu Chu's attitude gave the two sides a boundary for communication.
In the process of associating with Ling Huchu, Li Shangyin learned how to get along with people who both have status and appreciate their talents. Such a person has multiple identities for him: Bole, teacher, elder, boss and patron ... In short, it will have a great impact on his personal career and life.
love
Li Shangyin's portrait "Li Shangyin's Love Life" has attracted the attention of many researchers, to a certain extent, because Li Shangyin's poems, represented by "Untitled", show a complex and delicate feeling, which is easily regarded as the expression of rich love experience.
There are many speculations about Li Shangyin's love than the actual evidence, but this does not prevent people from relishing it, and even trying to analyze his poems like reading detective novels, hoping to find tangible evidence. The following women are considered to have had feelings with Li Shangyin?