Key Grammar
(1) Tongqizi
1. "Flat" "board" is the same as "plate"
2. All later classics are written in black and white. "Ji" is the same as "Yi"
3. If there are two or three books of Zhiyin, "stop" is the same as "zhi"
4. Literary science has density and density, "wen" is the same as "grain"
(2) Flexible use of word categories
< p>1. Block-printed books are nouns used as adverbials to express tools, "with engraving"2. Huo Shao Ling Jian is a noun used as an adverbial to express the mode, "using fire"
3. Use it to melt the medicine with fire. The noun is used as a verb, "to roast with fire"
4. Then use the noun of paper sticker as a verb to "mark it with a label"
(3) The word has multiple meanings
1. To
(1) It has not yet become a verb in the Tang Dynasty, and to do (6) is not a simple verb, so it is
(2) are all script verbs, and (7) is extremely fast Verb, count
(3) It is also a trap verb, invention (8) Each rhyme is a post verb, do
(4) Each word is a seal verb, carve ( 9) The verb of not making wood, carving
(5) Man Tie Fan is the verb of Yiban, becoming (10) The preposition obtained from the group of people, being, passive usage
< p>2. to(1) to use prepositions such as rosin, wax and paper ash, use, take
(2) to place prepositions on iron plates with an iron frame, to put
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(3) Use a tablet to press the preposition on its surface, use, take
(4) In case there are repeated conjunctions on the tablet, connect the two clauses, express the purpose, and translate it as "To use"
(5) Use
3.
(1) Its legal pronouns refer to those printed with movable type plates
(2) Those with pronouns such as rosin, wax and paper ash on them refer to iron plates
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(3) A flat plate is used to press the pronouns on its face to refer to the arranged character pattern
(4) The pronouns are printed from the falling pronouns, those
(5) The Seal is the pronoun obtained by Yu Qun, his
4.
(1) People in the Tang Dynasty had not yet used it to refer to "block-printed books"
(2) The pronoun "this" was used to refer to rosin, wax and paper ash; Refers to "iron plate"
(3) Zhujiuhuoyang refers to "iron plate"
(4) More interchangeably refers to "two iron plates"
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(5) Paper stickers are used to refer to unused character patterns
(6) Rotary carving refers to "odd characters"
(7) Wood is not used to refer to The one who does it refers to the movable type mold
(8) Use the hand to brush it to refer to the type mold
5. Tie
(1) The verb of paper post is marked with a label
(2) Each rhyme is a noun of post, labeled
6. Just
(1) Hold the verb of the fire, get close
(2) Instantly reach the verb, complete
7. If
< p>(1) Not as good as burnt earth, like(2) If there are only three or two copies of Zhiyin
8. Fire
(1) With The noun of "burning grass and fire" is used as an adverbial, and the word "burn" is used as an adjective. (2) The noun of "burning grass and fire" is used as a verb, and the word "burning" is used as a verb. (4) Special sentence patterns
1 ． Omitted sentences
(1) When Huo Shao Ling (Zhi) insists on omitting "Zhi", it refers to the character model
(2) When (Zhi) insists on Huo Yangzhi, omitting "Zhi" means "Zhi" Iron plate
2. Passive sentences
The imprint is to give the crowd what they get. "For...so..." is a passive sentence pattern
(5) Tips for key content words
Sheng , He, Mao, Fan, Zhi, Yang, Di, Ju, Genghu, Jiu, Qizi, Xuan, Wenli, Burnt, End, Fu, Shubu
Synchronous practice
Part One:
1. Give phonetic notation to the underlined words below. ?
Buyi Bisheng ( ) Use rosin, wax and paper ash ( )? Use it in the fire ( ) and use it interchangeably ( ) Each rhyme is a post ( ) and stick with medicine ( ) < /p>
2. Explain the following highlighted words. ?
①The Five Classics were first printed in the Five Dynasties (printed: )
The seal fell off (printed: )
Densely printed with characters (printed: )
② If it is not made of wood (use: )?
In case there are duplicates in one board (use: )?
Use rosin, wax and paper on it The ashes come out (with: )
3. How are the usages of the following highlighted words different from the other three items ( )?
A. Printed books B. All later classics are written in blackboard form
C． The seal is for the group to obtain from it D. Count to eight layers and cut like stars
4. Read the following sentences aloud and see where a slight pause would be appropriate. ?
①It is covered with rosin, wax, paper ash and the like.
?
②An iron frame is placed on the iron plate. ?
③After use, use fire to melt the medicine. ?
④The seal is obtained by the group.
5. Let’s talk about the different meanings of the following punctuated words in ancient and modern times. ?
①: covered with rosin, wax, paper ash, etc. Words?
Ancient: Today:
③ Text: Is there a density of literature and science?
Ancient: Today:
6. The main feature of the trap is the word "live". " " means that the characters are alive; " " means that the typesetting is alive; " " means that the number of characters printed is alive; " " means that picking up characters is alive; " " means that the method is also alive.
Read the selected article and answer the questions:
In the Qingli calendar, there is Bi Sheng, a commoner, who is also a trap. The method: use clay to carve words, as thin as a coin lip, each word is a seal, and burn it with fire to make it strong. First set up an iron plate, and put rosin, wax, paper ash and the like on it. If you want to make a seal, place an iron mold on an iron plate to seal the characters densely. The iron mold is covered with a plate and held up to the fire. When the medicine is slightly melted, press a flat plate on its surface, and the characters will be as flat as a stone. If you print only three or two copies, it is not easy; if you print hundreds, hundreds, or thousands of copies, it is extremely fast. Often two iron plates are used, one plate is used for printing, and the other plate has already printed the words on its own. If the person printing this is talented, the second plate is already there, and they can be used interchangeably, and it can be done in an instant. Each character has a number of prints, such as \'Zhi\'\'Ye\' and other characters. Each character has more than twenty prints to prepare for duplication in one board. If not used, stick it on paper, with each rhyme as one post, and store it on a wooden grid. If there are strange characters that are unprepared, they can be carved with a twist and burned with grass and fire, and they can be completed in an instant. If it is not made of wood, it will be sparse and dense. If it is wet, it will be uneven. It will also stick to the medicine, so it is not suitable. It is not like burnt soil. After using it, use the fire to melt the medicine, then brush it with your hands, and the seal will fall off. , not stained.
7. This passage is selected from Shen Kuo's "", which introduces the invention as one of the four great inventions in ancient China. This work by Shen Kuo was once praised as "" by the famous British scholar Joseph Needham.
8. Explain the meaning of the punctuated words in the following sentences. ?
①It can be achieved by holding on to the fire:
It can be achieved in a blink of an eye:
②The full iron pattern is a board:
Those who are not made of wood are:
9. The explanatory order of this text is .
10． This passage introduces: There are the following five steps in the typesetting of trapezoids. What is their correct order? Please write their letters on the line in order. ?
A. Melting powder with fire B. Cover the iron plate with medicine C. Press flat layout?
D. Install iron plate E. Arrange the characters?
The order should be: .
11. After introducing the era when letterpress printing appeared and its inventor, the selected article introduces letterpress printing from what three aspects? ?
①
②
③
12. One of the following statements that does not conform to the meaning of the original text is ( )
A. The production and printing process of the trapezoid mainly goes through four major processes: lettering, typesetting, printing, and panel disassembly. ?
B. The passage explains the invention, production, efficiency and use of movable type printing. ?
C. The main feature of the trap is "living", which is reflected in the fact that the characters are movable, the typesetting and printing are movable, and the characters are easy to store and rearrange. ?
D. The type templates for the trapezoids are not made of wood because the wood is too soft and not suitable for "fire".
13． If you were to introduce the advantages of letterpress printing to others, in what aspects would you introduce it? Please briefly list them in order.
Part 2:
Meteor
In the first year of Zhiping, at the time of Riyu in Changzhou, there was a sound as loud as thunder in the sky, and a spark as close as the moon was seen in the southeast; After a while, there was another tremor, moving to the southwest; another tremor, and it fell in the garden of the Xu family in Yixing County. People far and near could see that the fire shone brightly in the sky, and all the fences of the Xu family were burned. At that time, the fire was extinguished, and there was only a hole in the ground as big as a cup, very deep. Looking down, the stars were shining brightly in it, and it gradually became dark for a long time, but it was still hot and could not be approached. After a while, the orifice was opened, and it was as deep as three holes, and a round stone was found, which was still hot. It was as big as a fist, with one end slightly sharp, and its color was like iron, and its weight was the same. Zheng, the governor of the state, took it and sent it to Jinshan Temple in Runzhou. It is now kept in a box and viewed by tourists when they come. Wang Wujiu wrote a detailed biography about it.
14. Explain the following two sets of words with multiple meanings. ?
①See: seen in the southeast ( )
See far and near ( )
②Fa: send out its orifices ( )
Visitors When you arrive, you will see ()
15. Point out what the word "zhi" in the following sentences refers to. < /p>
16． From what aspects does the author above introduce the meteorites he observed? ?
17． Do you have any experience in making handcrafts or aircraft models? Choose one of the handmade or model airplanes...use vivid and vivid language to describe its features from multiple angles.
Part Three:
18. Following the example sentence, please write a sentence:
Motherly love is a song of life: blame is the bass, care is the treble, and concern and longing are the main melody of maternal love.
[Tip: You can use knowledge, friendship, youth, etc. as objects of writing]
19. Determine characters based on poems (all from four major Chinese classics).
① He has fluffy red hair and two eyes as bright as lights.
He has an indigo face that is neither black nor green, and sounds like thunder like a drum or an old dragon.
Wearing a goose-yellow cloak and a waist girdle with white vines exposed.
There are nine skeletons hanging under the neck, and the treasure staff in hand is very majestic. This character is .
② Wealth does not know how to enjoy life, poverty is intolerable and desolate.
It is a pity that we have wasted our good time and have no hope for our country and our family.
The incompetent person in the world is the best, and he is unparalleled in ancient and modern times.
If you send me a message to a dandy and a scumbag, don’t imitate this person. This character is .