When Lu Xun was in Beijing in the 1920s, he was deposed and wanted by the Beiyang warlord government, and was attacked and framed by some literati. In Shanghai in the early 1930s, Lu Xun was threatened and persecuted by the then Kuomintang rulers. At that time, the Kuomintang rulers banned books and newspapers, closed bookstores, promulgated bad publishing laws, wanted writers, arrested and detained left-wing writers and secretly executed them. The author Lu Xun's situation is very sinister.
This poem was first written for Liu Yazi. Lu Xun's Diary 1932 10 June 12 has "Playing a flag for Liu Yazi in the afternoon" and recorded this poem and postscript. The postscript on the banner reads: "Duff rewards rice, idle people pump oil, and steal half a couplet to make it even, so as to ask Mr. Yazi to correct me." On banners and diaries, the "broken hat" in the poem was originally an "old hat" and the "leaking boat" was originally a "broken boat"; Lu Xun made the final revision when compiling the collection.
Qi Jinggong loves his youngest son very much. He once pretended to be a cow with a rope in his mouth and asked him to play with him. Lu Xun loves his children to meet the sea very much. In a letter to a friend, he said that he would "work harder for the children and be a willing cow ear". He also said: "I am like a cow, eating grass, milking and bleeding ..." The story about obedient cows in Zuo Zhuan has long been used. In the poem of Beijiang River written by Hong in Qing Dynasty, it was recorded that "a rich scholar in Tongli" had three sons, who were so fond of him that he was invited to play after dinner for fear of improper intentions. His column said, "Wine become a butterfly, rice turns into sweet cow." Guo Moruo believes that the "stealing half couplet" in Lu Xun's Postscript is to borrow half a sentence from here.
"Bow your head a thousand fingers, bow your head and be a willing ox." It is the core and essence of the whole poem and embodies the author's proletarian world outlook. The first four sentences describe the situation and combat action, and reveal deep feelings, pushing the ideological realm of the whole poem to the peak. These two poems express the author's strong love and hate for the people, and show the noble character of the author who will never compromise before the enemy and do his best for the people. This sentence is the concentrated expression of the theme of the whole poem and the climax of the author's emotional expression.