1. The original text of "short song" in the seventh lesson of Chinese in the first volume of senior one.
Short song line Cao Cao
Singing to wine, life geometry!
For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan.
Be generous, and your troubles will be unforgettable.
How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang.
Qingqing is your collar, YY is my miss.
But for your sake, I've thought it over.
A herd of deer, yo, ate mugwort in Ye Yuan.
I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano.
As clear as the bright moon, when can I forget it?
The troubles come from this and cannot be cut off.
The weirder, the more useless.
Talk about it, and remember the past.
There are few stars on the moon, and blackbirds fly south.
Turn around the tree three times, what branches can you rely on?
The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep.
2. Lesson 7 "Short Songs" teaching plan of the first volume of Chinese in senior one.
Teaching goal 1, knowledge goal: appreciate poetry, feel the poet's thoughts and feelings, and understand the theme of the whole poem.
2. Ability goal: Understand the artistic features of this poem and learn to appreciate it.
3. Emotional goal: cultivate noble moral sentiments.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
Teaching focus:
Understand the poet's desire to recruit talented people to make contributions.
Teaching difficulties:
Understand the artistic features of this poem and learn how to appreciate it.
Teaching tools:
Ppt courseware
teaching process
First, import:
Does everyone know this man? Everyone often sees him in the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Have you ever heard of short songs? In Battle of Red Cliffs of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is a scene in which Cao Cao "writes a poem horizontally" and sings this short song. "Short Song" is the name of the tune of Han Yuefu, and "Long song" and "Short Song" refer to the length of the syllables of the lyrics. Short songs write current events in the old saying of Han Yuefu.
Those who have read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms may still remember a description of Cao Cao's poems in Chapter 48. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao defeated the strongmen such as Lu Bu and Yuan Shu successively, wiped out the powerful Yuan Shao forces in one fell swoop in the battle of Guandu, and conquered Wuhuan in the north, thus unifying the north. In the winter of this year, Cao Cao personally led 830,000 troops and arrived at the gates of Chibi, hoping to eliminate the "Sun-Liu Alliance" in one fell swoop and unify the world. On the eve of the war, Cao Cao held a banquet on the river to entertain the civil and military generals. When he heard that crows were flying south, he drank until midnight. 57-year-old Cao Cao felt this scene, swam across the bow and sang generously, which was a "short song". Some people think that this poem was written in Cao Cao's later years, after Battle of Red Cliffs's defeat. At that time, Cao Cao was 53 years old and getting older. Facing the social reality that the great cause of China's reunification has not been completed after years of war, he felt sad and thoughtful. However, he was not discouraged. He still takes the unification of the world as his responsibility, and is determined to recruit talents and make contributions.
Second, the author profile:
Cao Cao (155—220) was born in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Politicians, militarists and writers in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He is the pioneer and organizer of Jian 'an literature, and his poems directly inherit the realistic tradition of Han Yuefu folk songs. On the one hand, his creation reflects social unrest and people's sufferings, on the other hand, it shows the ideal and ambition of unifying the world, and has a unique style of "generosity and sadness". This style is called "Jian 'an Style" or "Wei-Jin Style".
Third, listen to the model essay, read it together, read it freely, and perceive poetry as a whole.
You should show that kind of vigorous, generous and sad feelings. The rhythm is above 22, and the speech speed is slow. )
Fourthly, cooperative inquiry and poetry analysis:
What do you think is the emotional tone of the whole poem? -generous and tragic.
What is the emotional focus of this poem? -Worried.
What's he worried about? Let's make a concrete analysis based on poetry.
First floor: sing a song about wine, what is life geometry? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan. Be generous, and your troubles will be unforgettable. How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang.
The first question, surprise, expresses the poet's thinking about life.
What does the author sigh here? Clear: Time flies and life is short. Life is short, like dew in the morning. The sun disappeared as soon as it came out.
(2) use "morning dew" to describe the feeling that time flies. Morning dew: This image has a specific meaning in ancient poetry, that is, life is short and fleeting.
(3) Du Kang-metonymy, Du Kang as wine, outstanding image, reminiscent.
Discussion: Worry Life is short, so the author drowns his worries with wine. In this way, is the tone of the whole poem negative and low?
That's not true. The author's anxiety stems from his inner anxiety. It is precisely because life is short that we are more eager to recruit talents, make good use of talents and make contributions. So this "worry" is a positive emotion. In fact, the author here, intentionally or unintentionally, is also cleverly reminding the sages that life is as easy to disappear as "morning dew", and you sages should cherish time and display their talents in time.
Second floor: Green child, leisurely in my heart. But for your sake, I've thought it over. A herd of deer, yo, ate mugwort in Ye Yuan. I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano.
Use allusions. What kind of feelings did the poet express in ancient words?
The sentence "Green and graceful, leisurely in my heart" comes from the Book of Songs. The original sentence is "Green and graceful, leisurely in my heart. Even if I don't go, I'd rather not send a message. " From longing for love to longing for talents, I made a deep call for talents. I miss you like a lover. "
Four long sentences from Xiaoya-Luming Literature are poems of the people in the Zhou Dynasty when they entertain guests, which mainly show the grand occasion of the emperor's banquet for his ministers and the warmth of living in harmony. The poet used these four poems to illustrate that as long as talented people come to me, I, Cao Cao, will be treated as a guest.
Expressed the poet's thoughts and feelings of seeking and respecting talents. The poet regards these poems as his own, properly expresses his wishes, and blends them with the whole poem, which is ingenious and harmonious.
Third floor: When will it be as clear as the moon? The troubles come from this and cannot be cut off. The weirder, the more useless. Talk about the banquet and miss the old grace.
Metaphorically, a talented person is compared to a bright moon, which means: How can I get you if there is a wise person in the world? Properly express the desire for the return of talents. Without realizing this, "troubles come from this and cannot be cut off."
Save, visit and greet. Phase, partial refers to one side, here refers to Cao Cao. Chekuo: Reunion after a long separation. Laoen: Long-term friendship, old friend.
The weirder, the more useless. Talk about the banquet and miss the old grace. These four sentences are still the scene that the author imagined that everyone would have a happy conversation together.
The third layer describes the poet's rare anxiety about talents and the joy of acquired talents.
Fourth floor: the moon stars are rare, and blackbirds fly south. Turn around the tree three times, what branches can you rely on? The mountain will never be too high and the water will never be too deep. The duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart.
The phrase "the moon stars are scarce, and birds fly south" was originally a description of the scenery, and it was this scene that touched the poet's melancholy. So, does this sentence have a deeper connotation?
From (1) to "Black Magpie", there is no analogy to the situation in the Three Kingdoms. Some talents are hesitant and don't know where to go. Express the desire for talents.
(2) The last four sentences show that they are eager for Dona's talent and receive it politely. Express the author's desire to aim high and unify the world. ("The Duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart." The poet skillfully used this allusion to express that he should be as broad-minded and hospitable as Duke Zhou, hoping that all the sages in the world would submit to him. At the same time, here, the poet also used Duke Zhou to encourage himself. As long as we get talents, we can realize the great cause of unifying the world. )
Summary: What does the author worry about? One worry is that life is short; Second, talents are hard to find; Three worries are not achieved.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) summary:
This poem is lofty and full of emotion, and it is a true portrayal of the poet's inner world. In the poem, the poet laments the worries and tragedies of life with touching sincerity and generous and sad feelings. Express the spirit of eat, drink and be merry with a seemingly decadent attitude, express serious thinking about life philosophy with the behavior of indulging in singing and drinking, and express anxiety about the world and yearning for talents with mixed scenes. The whole poem begins with emotion, followed by generosity and hesitation, followed by sadness and joy. A worry and a joy, suddenly Xu and suddenly anxious, poured out the author's impassioned with a song-like brush stroke.
Six, homework:
Write this article by heart.
Summary:
3. The knowledge points of "short songs" in the seventh lesson of Chinese in the first volume of senior one.
1. Biography of the author: Cao Cao (155 ~ 220), namely "Wei Wudi", whose nickname is Ayun, was born in Peiguoqiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). Cao Cao was the founder and leader of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period, named Wang Wei. After his son Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Wei Wudi. Cao Cao fought all his life. In order to unify the whole country as soon as possible, he extensively reclaimed land and built water conservancy projects in the north, which played a certain role in the recovery of agricultural production at that time. Secondly, he used talents, broke the concept of family, suppressed the strongmen, and restored and developed the social economy in the areas he ruled. He is proficient in temperament, good at writing poems, expressing political ambitions, and his poetic style is generous and sad.
His works include: Good, Looking at the Sea, Autumn Dew, Short, Bitter Cold, Stone, Ghost Whistle, etc. Later generations compiled Cao Cao Ji. In addition, he is also good at the art of war, and has written works such as Sun Tzu's Art of War, Sun Tzu's Art of War, and Meng De's New Book.
Evaluation: Politicians, militarists and poets in the Three Kingdoms period.
Second, the creative background
After Cao Cao consolidated the separatist forces in the north, he returned to Yedu in the 13th year of Jian 'an, and immediately began to reform the official system and became the prime minister, firmly holding the military and political power in his own hands. At this time, Sun Quan unified Jiangnan and established the Wu Dong regime. Liu Bei gathered strength in Jingzhou and waited for the opportunity. Cao Cao deeply felt that the future opponents would be stronger and more difficult to deal with. Only by recruiting talented people and rapidly expanding their own strength can we be sure of winning. The battle for the southern expedition is imminent, and Cao Cao's worries are increasing day by day. Finally, at a banquet, he expressed his ideas in the form of "short songs".
Third, common sense.
1. Classical Poetry
In the history of literature, it is customary to call all the poetry genres that appeared before the Tang Dynasty "ancient poetry". The oldest book is The Book of Songs, which was edited by Confucius from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. Then, at the end of the Warring States period, Chu poets such as Qu Yuan wrote "Sao Poetry" (also known as "Chu Ci") with the word "Xi", and Qu Yuan's Li Sao was its representative. In the Han Dynasty, there appeared Yuefu folk songs collected by the imperial court, such as Peacock Flying Southeast, and Yuefu poems (divided into songs, lines, quotations, songs and songs) created by poets imitating Yuefu folk songs, such as Short Song (Cao Cao). Poets in the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties also created a large number of poems with four words, five words, seven words and miscellaneous words, such as Nineteen Ancient Poems and Returning to the Garden (Tao Yuanming).
2. Jian 'an style
The literary giants in Jian 'an (Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty), "Three Caos" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi) and "Seven Sons" (Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Serina Liu) inherited the realistic tradition of folk songs in Han Yuefu, and generally created them in the form of five-character poems to reflect the society. Cao Shi, the ruler of Wei State, and his son both loved literature, recruited many scholars and gathered many writers around them. They directly inherited the realistic tradition of folk songs in Han Yuefu and set off the climax of poetry creation.
3. Only Du Kang can solve the problem.
Du Kang is the "ancestor of brewing" in ancient legends of China. Because of the brewing of Du Kangshan, later generations regarded Du Kang as Dionysus, and the wine industry regarded Du Kang as their ancestor. Later generations used "Du Kang" to refer to wine.
4. Ms. Green is in my heart.
From The Book of Songs Zheng Feng Ji Zi. Blue-collar gown, the uniform of ancient students and scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties, was the uniform of students, and was later called "blue-collar gown". Also used to refer to teenagers, this poem refers to learned people. Son, address each other respectfully. This is an antique collar.
5. The Duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to his heart.
Spit out the food in your mouth. Return to the heart, and the heart will surrender. From Historical Records Biography of Duke Zhou of Lu: "Zhou announced that the bird said:' I am the son of King Wen, the brother of King Wu, the uncle of King Wang, and the sky is not cheap. But I am afraid of losing the sages of the world, because I have grabbed my hair, vomited and fed, and waited for scholars. If you are a child, be careful not to be proud of your country. ""The death of King Wu, a young king, is still in its infancy. Hearing of his death, the Duke of Zhou was afraid that everyone in the world would betray the imperial court, so he succeeded to the throne to handle government affairs and take charge of state affairs, and ordered his son to be sealed in Lu in his own name. Duke Zhou warned Boqin, "I am the son of King Wen, my brother, and my uncle who became the king. Of all the people in the world, my position is not low. But I wash my hair once, hold my head many times, eat a meal and spit out the food I am chewing many times, just to get up and pick up the sages, so I am afraid of losing the sages in the world. When you arrive in Shandong, don't be arrogant and dull to others just because you have land. " Later, it was described as "the Duke of Zhou spat and fed", "three hairs on an acre, three meals and fed" because the incumbent was eager for talents, warm and polite, and busy recruiting talents.
6. The weirder it is, the more useless it is.
Buildings: refers to the field paths criss-crossing from north to south and from east to west in the vast fields. Among them, "money" refers to the north-south track and "mo" refers to the east-west track.
Fourth, key words
When: the meaning of facing.
Geometry: it means "how much"
Morning dew: It means morning dew. A person's life is very short, just like the dew in the morning, which dries up at the sight of the sun.
I finally went to Japan: it means that people have spent many days in their lives and lamented that life is very short. It's been years since I went to Japan. It's too painful, too painful.
Generosity: refers to impassioned singing at a banquet. The whole sentence means to sing generously. "Generosity" is an interval usage of "generosity".
Du Kang: Legend is the first person to make wine, which means "wine" in the text.
But: just
Meditation: interpretation 1, meditation, chanting in a low voice. 2. Muttering intermittently and hesitating. The meaning in this article refers to the yearning and admiration for talents.
Yo-yo: Deer bark. From The Book of Songs Xiaoya Luming Literature, the article is used to welcome talented people.
Ping: Artemisia argyi
Drum: playing
Answer the phone, answer the phone. When can I stop? When does that mean I can stop?
Mo: An east-west field path.
Money: a north-south field path
Misuse: This means "open in vain".
Phase: demonstrative adverb, which can be translated as "I".
Save: greetings, nostalgia.
Chekuo: Reunion after a long separation
"Banquet": generally refers to "banquet").
Black Magpie: Crow
Three turns (zā): three weeks. Turn, week, circle.
Yi: Habitat.
The water is never too deep: this means that you want to accept as many talents as possible. Don't like it, too.