At dusk, people are far away from the drunkenness. The sky is full of wind and rain, and I am going down to the west building. ——Xu Hun of the Tang Dynasty, "Farewell to Xie Ting" At dusk, people are far away from the drunkenness, and the sky is full of wind and rain, going down to the west building. A song of labor explains the meaning of boating, red leaves, green mountains and rapids.
At dusk, people are far away from the drunkenness. The sky is full of wind and rain, and I go down to the west building. Farewell, lyrical translation and annotation of scene writing
Translation
After singing a farewell song, you untied the faraway boat,
There are green mountains on both sides of the bank, and the mountains are covered with red leaves. The water is flowing eastward in a hurry.
When dusk fell and I woke up, I realized that the person was gone.
But at this time, the sky was full of wind and rain, and I was the only one who left the west building alone. . Appreciation
The first sentence writes about a friend leaving in a boat. In ancient times, there was a custom of singing farewell songs. "Lao Song" originally refers to the song sung when seeing off guests at Lao Lao Pavilion (the old site is in the south of today's Nanjing City and is also a famous farewell place). It later became a synonym for farewell song. A song of labor was played, the cable was untied and the boat was sailing, creating a hasty and helpless scene and atmosphere from the eyes of the farewell people.
The second sentence describes the scenery on the river that the friend saw after setting off on the boat. It's late autumn, the green mountains on both sides of the river are dyed with frost and the forests are covered with red leaves and red maples. The colors are particularly bright against the green autumn water of the river. At first glance, this bright scene seems incompatible with the feeling of separation, but in fact the former is a powerful contrast to the latter. The more beautiful the scenery, the more it shows the loveliness of reunion and the embarrassment of separation. The beautiful autumn scenery has become a factor that adds to sorrow and hatred. Jiang Yan's "Farewell" said: "The spring grass is blue and the spring water is green. I see you off in Nanpu. How sad it is!" The beautiful spring scenery contrasts the sadness of parting, which is the same opportunity. This is exactly what Wang Euzhi revealed: "Use happy scenes to describe sorrow, use sad scenes to write joy, and double the sorrow and joy" ("Jiang Zhai Poetry Talk").
This sentence does not directly mention the friend's boat trip. However, through the description of "water rapids", readers of the boat can imagine the speed of the boat, and the scene of the poet watching the boat passing through the river with green mountains and red leaves is also vividly expressed. The word "urgent" implicitly reveals the psychological state of the person seeing off the person "Why is the running water so urgent?" It also makes the artistic conception expressed in the whole poem a little bit sad and disdainful. This is consistent with the poet's disharmonious and restful state of mind at that time.
There is a long time interval between the preceding and following couplets of the poem. After the friend left by boat, the poet did not leave Xie Pavilion to say goodbye, but took a nap where he was. I drank some wine before leaving and was slightly tipsy. After my friend left, I was in a bad mood and fell asleep under the influence of alcohol. When I woke up, it was already dusk. The sky changed, it started to rain, and everything looked misty. On the river in front of us, the green mountains and red leaves on both sides of the river were already shrouded in mist, mist and twilight. As for my friend's boat, I don't know where to go with the rapids beyond the clouds and mountains. The vastness and gloominess of the twilight, the mist and desolation of the wind and rain, the haziness after waking up from alcohol, and the emptiness and emptiness felt when recalling the scene of farewell made the poet feel particularly sad and lonely at the moment. He felt that he could not bear the surrounding atmosphere of this environment, so he remained silent. Di walked down from the west building shrouded in wind and rain alone. (The West Tower refers to the farewell pavilion. In ancient poetry, "Nanpu" and "Xilou" often refer to the place of farewell.)
The third sentence is written after farewell. The fourth sentence does not continue to directly express the sorrow of separation, but begins to describe the scene. However, because the unique desolate and confused color of this scenery is consistent with the poet's mood at that time, readers can completely feel the poet's desolate feelings from it. In this way, scenes are used to convey feelings and feelings are combined with scenes. Compared with the embarrassment of directly expressing farewell feelings, it is not only richer and more contagious, but also makes the ending have a unique and sad emotional charm. Creative Background This is a poem written by Xu Hun after bidding farewell to his friends in Xuancheng. Xie Pavilion, also called Xie Gong Pavilion, is located in the north of Xuancheng. It was built by the Southern Qi poet Xie Tiao when he was the prefect of Xuancheng. He once bid farewell to his friend Fan Yun here, and later Xieting became a famous farewell place in Xuancheng. Xu Hun, one of the most influential poets in the late Tang Dynasty, was especially good at Qiwu Lu. Later generations proposed that he is as famous as the poet Du Fu. There is even a saying that "Xu Hun's thousand poems will make Du Fu sad throughout his life".
Xu Hun is alone and desolate, but he still relieves himself, and restrains his separation sorrow. How long have we been apart? We have spent seven Mid-Autumn Festivals. It's hard to say goodbye to relatives and friends in middle age, but silk and bamboo ease the sorrow of separation. Please ask me about Dongliu Shui. I don’t know who is good or bad with it. The spring water should not come to the sea, and the life of the small pine is bound to frost. The best thing is to be away from many things, and the east and west are flowing, and they will eventually meet. Where the world is sad, there is a pavilion for seeing off guests. Those who are far away from you can even go to Yanmen Pass. Shake hands and let out a long sigh, crying to make a living. An An said goodbye to the mountain monk and bowed his head in salute to Baiyun. Last year the wild geese returned after leaving, but tonight the tailor's fireflies have flown away. Liuhe fluttered and felt sorry for himself. He left Beijing and Luo for more than ten years. The strong wind blows my heart, and the Xianyang tree hangs in the west. When you are lonely, you miss your home. Farewell to Jiuhua under the cloud house. The Tibetan and Han Dynasties broke the news, and life and death were separated.