Dynasty: Song Dynasty | Author: Su Shi
The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are cloudy and rainy. (Meng)
If there are more dead beauties in the West Lake, C+ is so appropriate. (light makeup and heavy makeup: heavy makeup and light makeup)
Translation and annotation
translate
In the bright sunshine, the water in the West Lake is sparkling and beautiful. On rainy days, under the cover of rain curtain, the mountains around the West Lake are foggy, and if there is anything, it is wonderful.
If the West Lake is compared to the beautiful scenery of the past, light makeup is very suitable.
To annotate ...
① Lake: West Lake in Hangzhou.
(2) liàn yàn: the phenomenon of water surface waves flashing.
Fang Hao: It just looks beautiful.
4 empty Meng: drizzle confused.
⑤ Zi: In the Spring and Autumn Period, the famous beauty stone of Yue State, formerly known as Shi Yiguang, was the first of the four ancient beauties (Shi, Wang Zhaojun, Di Xin,). I live in the west of Huanshaxi Village (now Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province), so people call me Shi.
It fits: It looks beautiful, too.
Translation and Notes 2
translate
On sunny days, the West Lake is full of blue waves. In the sunshine, radiant, beautiful. When it rains, the distant mountains are shrouded in misty rain, and their eyes are confused. The hazy scenery is also beautiful.
If the beautiful West Lake is compared to a beauty, then whether it is light makeup or heavy makeup, it can always set off her natural beauty and charming charm.
To annotate ...
Surf: the phenomenon of water waves rippling and lights flashing. Fang Hao: It looks beautiful.
Empty Meng: it's drizzling. Meng, a "Meng". Also: also. Odd: wonderful.
Desire: yes; If. Xi Shi, a famous beauty of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Always appropriate: always appropriate and natural.
References:
Chen Erdong 1. Selected poems of Su Shi. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1984 (2nd edition): 78.
analyse
One day, Su Shi and his friends were drinking by the West Lake. It was sunny at first, but it soon turned cloudy and began to rain. In this way, before drinking, the poet fully enjoyed the two completely different scenery of the West Lake, sunny and rainy. So the poet praised: the West Lake on a sunny day is sparkling and dazzling, which just shows the beautiful scenery; On rainy days, the West Lake is hazy in the mountains, showing another wonderful scenery. Rain or shine, the West Lake is always beautiful. I think it is best to compare the West Lake to learning Chinese characters. The color of the mountain is her elegant decoration, and the water is her rich powder. No matter how she dresses up, she can always bring out her natural beauty and charming charm.
The first two sentences of this poem are descriptions: the description of water on sunny days and mountains on rainy days, which shows the beauty of the scenery of the West Lake and the changeable characteristics of sunny days and rainy days from two landforms and two kinds of weather. It is concrete and vivid, with a high degree of artistic generality, so that some people commented that many ancient poems on the West Lake were swept away by these two sentences. The last two sentences are metaphors: between heaven and earth, human beings are the most spiritual; Among human beings, calligraphy is the most beautiful. On the basis of the description of the first two sentences, compare the West Lake to a stunning beauty stone, saying that it is as beautiful as the stone, not to mention the light makeup or heavy makeup that is carefully dressed!
However, writing about the beauty of the West Lake is not the whole mystery of this metaphor. Some women in history are as famous as writing. Why do poets compare Xizi to the West Lake? This is because, in addition to her beauty, Xizi has two unique similarities with the West Lake: First, Xizi's hometown is not far from the West Lake and belongs to the land of ancient Yue; Second, both the West Lake and the West Lake have the word "West" on their heads, which sounds natural. For these reasons, Su Shi's wonderful metaphor won the praise of later generations, and the West Lake is also known as Xizi Lake.
This poem is very general. It is not a description of a scene or a scene of the West Lake, but a comprehensive evaluation of its beautiful scenery. The spread of this poem adds luster to the scenery of the West Lake and expresses the author's love for the West Lake.
Poetry appreciation
The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are cloudy and rainy.
As can be seen from the title of the poem, the poet likes drinking in the West Lake. It was sunny at first, and then it rained. He likes two different views. He said: when the weather is good, the West Lake is clear and sparkling, and the scenery is just right; When it rains, the green hills around the West Lake are misty, and as if nothing had happened, it presents another wonderful scenery. "Rolling", the waves are flashing. "Empty", misty rain confused. These two words are rhyming words, which enhance the musicality of poetic language.
Here, the poet wrote about lakes and mountains; There are both sunny and rainy scenes, which can be said to be very rich. But from another point of view, it is very general, because these two sentences are not only applicable to the West Lake. Actually, this is the beauty of the poet's brushwork. The West Lake is beautiful, but I'm afraid no one can tell exactly where it is and how beautiful it is. If you describe the scenery in detail, there may be some wonderful sentences, but they are always too real and specific to convey the overall impression of the West Lake. Su Shi's two sentences are very artistic, vivid and imaginative, and express the feeling of "the West Lake is beautiful" in poetic language. At the same time, these two sentences also reflect the poet's broad-minded and adaptive temperament.
If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, heavy makeup is always appropriate.
"Xizi" is the famous beauty stone of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period. Whether it is light makeup or dressing up, Shi is equally beautiful and moving; If the West Lake is compared to beauty, it is equally beautiful whether it is sunny or rainy, winter or spring.
Metaphoring the West Lake with stunning beauty not only gives life to the beauty of the West Lake, but also is novel, unique and meaningful. Everyone knows that she is a beautiful woman, but how beautiful she is only exists in her own mind. And isn't the beauty of the West Lake the same? Compared with direct description, I don't know how much pen and ink is saved in this way, but its significance is much richer and deeper. It attracts readers not only feelings, but also thinking, allowing readers to play the connotation of poetry through their own imagination. This wonderful metaphor was called "the best of the West Lake" by the Song people, so that "Xizi Lake" became another name for the West Lake. It is no wonder that later poets put pen to paper: "What can compare with the West Lake except light makeup and heavy sentences?" (Yan "boating on the lake on the second day of the first month")
Creation background
Su Shi was a general of Hangzhou from four to seven years in Xining, Song Shenzong (1071-kloc-0/074), and wrote a lot of poems describing the scenery of the West Lake. This group of poems was written in the sixth year of Xining (1073).
References:
Chen Erdong 1. Selected poems of Su Shi. Beijing: People's Literature Publishing House, 1984 (2nd edition): 78 2, Chen Bangyan, etc. A dictionary of appreciation of song poetry. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1987: 348-349.
Make an appreciative comment
The first half of the poem describes not only the scenery of the West Lake, but also the sunny and rainy state of the West Lake. "Clear water is good" describes the clear water of the West Lake: in the bright sunshine, the West Lake is rippling and sparkling, which is very beautiful. The Wonder of Mountain Kong Yu describes the mountains in rainy days: under the cover of rain curtain, the mountain fans around the West Lake are very wonderful as if nothing had happened. From the first poem, we can know that the poet accompanied guests to dine by the West Lake all day. It was sunny in the morning, then turned cloudy, and it began to rain after dusk. In the eyes of poets who are good at appreciating nature and have deep feelings for the West Lake, whether it is water, mountains, sunny or rainy, it is beautiful and wonderful. From the praise of "sunny face" and "strange sound of rain", we can imagine the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains in different weather, and we can also imagine the poet's free and easy personality and open mind in his mood. The scenery written in the first half is a scene corresponding to communication, with broad and bold feelings, blending scenes and relative scenes between sentences. The beautiful scenery of the West Lake is written, and the poet Su Shi's feelings are expressed incisively and vividly.
In the second half of the poem, the poet did not closely follow the first two sentences, and further described the sunny and rainy days of lakes and mountains with a pen. Instead, he took appearance as the god and only used an ethereal metaphor to convey the charm of lakes and mountains. Between the carrier and the noumenon, except for the West Lake, which literally has the same word "West", the poet only pays attention to the present beauty of the West Lake, and the charm of Fengshen is similar to the beauty imagined by the stone. It is precisely because the West Lake and Xizi are beautiful, so for the West Lake, whether it is sunny or rainy, or for Xizi, no matter whether it is light makeup or heavy makeup, it can not change its beauty, but only increase its beauty. There are two diametrically opposite explanations for this metaphor: one is that the poet "takes the West Lake on a sunny day as a light makeup, and the West Lake on a rainy day as a heavy makeup"; One said that the poet is "using sunny days is better than heavy makeup, and rainy days are better than light makeup." Both theories have their own opinions and evidence. But for talented poets, this is a clever metaphor, and an occasional poem is just a temporary heart and scenery. From the beautiful scenery of the West Lake to the calligraphy as the embodiment of beauty, from the "sunny side" and "strange rain" of the West Lake, it is always appropriate to imagine calligraphy. Speaking of metaphor and writing, I'm afraid it's not necessarily limited to sunny. When appreciating this poem, if we must let the heavy makeup return to sunny rain, it may damage the integrity of metaphor and the ethereal beauty of the poem.
References:
1, A Dictionary of Appreciation of Song Poetry by Chen Bangyan et al. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1987: 348-349.
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