April is really the most beautiful in the world.
Deep in the flowers,
The lilacs in Fayuan Temple are quietly stunning a piece of spring scenery.
As the ancient capital of Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, there are many temples inside and outside Beijing, and Fayuan Temple is one of the oldest Buddhist temples.
The temple was founded in the 19th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (645), and was then called Benjamin Temple.
According to historical records, Emperor Taizong Li Shimin built a temple to mourn the soldiers killed in the Northern Expedition in Liaodong, but it was not completed until the first year of Wu Zetian's long live Tian Tong (696), which lasted 5 1 year. What happened in the middle is unknown.
Fortunately, Banzhe Mingzhong Temple survived the "Huichang Destroying Buddha" movement in the Tang Dynasty, but it was destroyed by a fire 37 years later. Unfortunately, it was not rebuilt until the first year of Jingfu in the late Tang Dynasty (892). After the reconstruction, the people's temple took on a new look. It is not difficult to recall from the folk proverbs of the Tang Dynasty that "the Hall of Loyalty is magnificent".
However, the good times did not last long. In the third year of the Liao Dynasty and Qing Dynasty (1057), there was a big earthquake in Youzhou, and the people's temple was in ruins. It was not until thirteen years later that it was rebuilt as ordered, laying the foundation for today's pattern.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the People's Temple was repaired by raising funds for many times.
In the 12th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1734), the temple was officially renamed Fayuan Temple, which is still in use today.
Fayuan Temple is deeply hidden in the small streets of the old city. The Sanmen Mountain Gate is lined up, with a pair of stone lions standing on both sides, standing along the street with a screen wall across the street. Along the central axis, from south to north, there are Shanmen, Tianwang Hall, Daxiong Hall, Minzhong Pavilion, Pilu Hall (Yejing Hall), Guanyin Hall (Dakeng Hall), Tibetan Scripture Pavilion, and Bell and Drum Tower and Gallery House. East and west sides, that is, into the seventh and sixth hospitals. Galand is very large.
As soon as I entered the mountain gate, I saw a pair of huge bronze lions of the Qing Dynasty sitting on the stone carving Sumeru Mountain in front of the king's palace, which was imposing. There are four heavenly kings cast in the Ming Dynasty and bronze statues such as Maitreya Buddha and Wei Tuo.
The main hall, Daxiong Hall, rests on the single eaves of the top of the mountain, covered with blue tiles, and there is Baoxia in front of the hall. There are also many huge Ming and Qing stone tablets in front of the hospital.
The plaque of "The True Source of Fahai" in the temple hangs high, in the middle of which are the statues of "Hua Yan San Sheng" in the Ming Dynasty-Pilu Jinna Buddha, Manjusri Bodhisattva and Samantabhadra Bodhisattva. Behind the main Buddha, a thousand-handed Guanyin statue is painted, with 18 sitting statues of Lohan in Qing Dynasty on both sides.
After passing the Ursa Major Hall, you have to stop in front of a large sea of lilacs. Some of them are purple and some are white; Some have four petals, some have five petals and six petals. In addition to local lilacs, there are also exotic species from Maluku Islands in Indonesia.
In the memory of the older generation, there are three big flowers in old Beijing.
Lilacs in Fayuan Temple, Peony in Xiaochong Temple and Begonia in Gokurakuji.
Today, the small bug temple in Xicheng Baizhifang has already become a primary school. Only the mountain gate and the sutra depository are left, and all other buildings have been demolished. The peony flower, which once made people linger, has moved to Zhongshan Park.
Gokurakuji, on the edge of Wuta Temple in Haidian, has only the main hall and the wing, and Haitang is no longer in full bloom.
Only Fayuan Temple in Caishikou, Cheng Nan, after a hundred years' changes, is still in Galand, where the Zen sounds are lingering and the flowers are still fragrant.
The lilacs in Fayuan Temple are famous at home and abroad. It has become an ancient tradition that monks of all ages invite literati to the temple to admire flowers and compose poems every spring.
Plum blossoms are heavy and vulgar, and cloves are bitter and rough.
Smoked a thousand miles of dreams, but ruthless.
-Li Qingzhao
"Who is the Lord, the fallen petal leisurely in the wind.
The messenger didn't bring news to the pedestrians far away. The lilacs in the rain reminded me of sadness.
-Jing Li
At dusk, I want to go to the high-rise building alone, and the cross lovers on the stairs don't come, and the crescent moon is like a hook.
Banana hearts don't show lilac's frustration, but they are also sad about the spring breeze.
-Li Shangyin
Many people's thousands of thoughts are intertwined into knots, so lilacs are also called "hundred knots".
Fayuan Temple in Qing Dynasty is famous for its flowers and trees, especially lilacs, so it is called "Xiang Xue Hai". After visiting Fayuan Temple, Emperor Qianlong wrote the poem "The oldest Yanjing Temple, whose source name is compassion and loyalty". From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, celebrities such as Lin Zexu, Ji Xiaolan, Huang Jingren and Gong Zizhen also left footprints.
1924 April, Indian poet Tagore visited China. Lin, a talented woman in the Republic of China, and Xu Zhimo, a poet, accompanied him as translators to visit Fayuan Temple to enjoy lilacs. When the 64-year-old poet returned to China, he left the following poems:
The blue of the sky,
Fell in love with the green of the earth,
The breeze between them sighed:
Alas!
Tagore
Walking through this sea of lilacs, I boarded a high platform and came to Minzhong Pavilion.
The building structure of Minzhong Pavilion is very unique, with twelve columns as the skeleton on the exterior wall and twelve columns as the support in the hall. The structural style is exactly the same as that of Wanchun Pavilion in the Imperial Garden of the Forbidden City, which contains precious historical relics such as Tang and Liao stone carvings and classic buildings of Fayuan Temple.
There is a beautifully carved stone sea behind the People's Pavilion. Shihai and Sumitomo originally belonged to the nearby Zhenwu Temple and were moved here for preservation in the 1980s.
Pilu Temple is located in the north of Minzhong Pavilion, with a small area and three spacious rooms, but it is dedicated to a huge bronze statue of Five Dhyani Buddhas in the Ming Dynasty. There is a lotus throne with a thousand petals below, and each petal has a small Buddha statue, which means "a thousand buddhas around Pilu Temple".
Behind the Pilu Hall is the Guanyin Hall, which is five rooms wide. Now it's a place to show Buddhist art and historical relics. There are some earliest Buddha statues in China, from the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty. There are all kinds of pottery clay sculptures, copper castings, stone carvings and wood carvings, which are very precious.
The northernmost part of the central axis is the Sutra Pavilion. This is a two-story pavilion-style building, the hall is made of blue bricks, and the largest Ming Dynasty wood carving reclining Buddha statue in Beijing and various precious scriptures are enshrined in the middle.
Fayuan Temple has experienced 1300 years of ups and downs since its establishment, and it has been destroyed and built repeatedly, and has experienced several ups and downs. As the most complete preserved ancient temple complex of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing, it was identified as a national key Buddhist temple in Han area by the State Council as early as 1983.
200 1 Fayuan Temple was selected as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
20 17 Fayuan Temple lilac viewing custom was selected as an intangible cultural heritage in Xicheng District, Beijing. In 2002, the Lilac Poetry Meeting in Fayuan Temple, which was interrupted for 87 years, was resumed.