I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.
When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
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This poem was written by a poet in Chang 'an at the age of seventeen. This is written by a teenager who can get rid of superficial carving and point to real feelings. He really knows the knack of writing poetry. The poet's hometown, Zhou Pu (now Yongji, Shanxi), is in the east of Huashan Mountain, hence the name "Recalling Shandong Brothers". The ancients regarded nine as the number of Yang, and September 9th was the Double Ninth Festival. Writing holiday poems is the most taboo to fall into convention. The genius of this poem lies in avoiding stereotypes and grasping the true essence. The first sentence uses the word "different", which seems to be blurted out, but it has a unique flavor to render the uncomfortable loneliness of a stranger. Judging from the word "whenever", double loneliness is not unique to this festival, but has existed in many previous festivals. Loneliness has been suppressed for a long time, especially in today's situation, the poet has thrown away the holiday homesickness complex condensed in his heart. Because the phrase "I miss my family twice during the festive season" is extremely alarming, and it is all in everyone's heart, unprecedented in the population, and has caused widespread * * * for thousands of years. But after all, the first two sentences are directly endowed with the source of the heart, and they need twists and turns to be memorable. Therefore, I miss my brother for the poet, but I turned over with the phrase "a distant friend". It turned out to be an illusion, and I wrote that my brother was sorry for losing the poet. The local custom in the Zhou Dynasty said: "Meeting on the Double Ninth Festival and drinking chrysanthemum wine on the mountain are called mountaineering meetings and cornucopia meetings." Because of this festival custom, picking dogwood (zhyúu Zhu Entertainment) from flower branches was very popular in the Tang Dynasty. For example, Wang Changling has a saying that "Cornus officinalis will live a long life with flowers and temples", Bai Juyi has a saying "Dancing in Cornus officinalis's room", and Zhu Fang has a saying "It is more important to wear your hair on your head and learn from him when you are young". There are many such poems in the fourth volume of Hong Mai's Rong Zhai Essays. The key point is that this poem reflects my feelings for others, and selects two carefully crafted images, Chongyang Ascending and Cornus officinalis Inserting, to show the interesting scene of my brother's happiness, so that * * * happiness lacks a sense of life defects, which is thrilling and memorable.
[source]
There are 300 Tang poems, all of which are: Volume 128_70 Selected Notes of Common Ancient Poems by Jiang and Wei Liangcheng.
The Book of Songs in July
Fire is full in July, and clothes are delivered in September. The first day I was fat, the next day I was fierce. No clothes, no brown, why die! On the third and fourth day, I stood on tiptoe. And my daughter-in-law. The Guardian said, "Very good".
Fire is full in July, and clothes are delivered in September. In spring, the sun shines and Amin is in the sky. The woman followed with a basket, begging for soft mulberry. Spring came and Qi Qi was adopted. The woman was sad and her son came back together.
Fire is full in July and reeds are full in August. Silkworm, moon, mulberry, take axe fork, cut far and wide, as the mother mulberry. Sing {shellfish bird} in July, and achieve in August. Xuan zai Huang, I, for the childe petticoats.
Show in April, sing in May. Harvest in August and crush in October. A day to raccoon, fox, for the child. The next day, they were still the same, carrying martial arts. Privately, publicly.
In May, geese move, and in June, pheasants vibrate. I was outdoors in July, at home in August and September, and crickets came under my bed in October. The dome suffocated the mouse, stuffed it into the {local violet} household, licked my wife and son, and said that I would enter this room in another year.
In June, the food was depressed and {Austria}, and in July, it was constant and white. Peel dates in August and get rice in October. To this end, spring wine, with the help of eyebrows. Eat melons in July, break the pot in August, and uncle in September. Pay for picking tea and eat my farmer.
Nursery will be built in September and crops will be harvested in October. The millet is heavy, and the grass is shelled. Well, I am a farmer. Because I have the same crops, I went to work in the palace. The day is in the grass and the night is in the rope. I was so anxious to hitch a ride in the house that I began to broadcast Baigu.
The next day, the ice was rushing, and the third day, it was blocked by ice. On the fourth day, its flea sacrificed the lamb to the leek. First frost in September, washing the floor in October. Friends drink and say they killed the lamb. When he arrived at the imperial court, his name was "eternal life"!
July is a poem written by slaves in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty (Xunyi County, Shaanxi Province, xian county). It may be because the poem is long and old, and there are some mistakes, but the basic order is still clear. The poem consists of eight chapters and eleven sentences in each chapter, which basically describes the labor and life of male and female slaves year after year in the order of seasons. This poem is described in chronological order, much like a lunar poem, similar to the four seasons or December songs in folk songs later. However, because the content described in it reflects the miserable situation of slaves who have worked hard all the year round and have no food and clothing, it should be regarded as a poem against exploitation and oppression.
The first chapter summarizes the whole poem, from a year of cold to spring ploughing. In July, Mars will descend, and in August, women will be given the job of cutting out winter clothes to prepare for winter. It's cold in November, and the north wind blows on objects, making a rustling sound. /kloc-The cold wind "Li Lie" in October and February is the coldest time of the year. And we slaves don't have warm clothes, so I really don't know how to spend the winter. Finally, winter passed, and in the first month we began to repair farm tools. In February, I lifted my feet and started farming. Strong men do heavy work in the fields, and women and children are responsible for delivering meals. Seeing us working so hard, the agricultural officials sent by the slave owners were very happy.
The second chapter is about women's mulberry picking. Spring has come and the weather is getting warmer. Huang is singing happily. Women carry deep baskets and pick tender mulberry leaves along the mulberry road to feed silkworms. The days of spring are very long, and the women have worked hard for a long time with fruitful results, picking a lot of mulberry leaves. However, the women suddenly became sad because they saw their noble son coming this way and were afraid of being captured and humiliated. The last sentence reflects the real situation of aristocratic arrogance at that time.
The third chapter is about women's sericulture and textile, pointing out that it is used to make clothes for the aristocratic class. The silkworm month is March. In March, you start pruning mulberry branches, pick up an axe, cut off those branches that stretch far away, then climb the branches and pick some tender mulberry leaves. In July, shrike cooed as if to tell people that the second half of the year began, so in August, women began to knit. Textiles are dyed in different colors, including black and red, yellow, and the brightest is vermilion. Unfortunately, these are not for themselves, but for the nobles to make clothes.
The fourth chapter, written after farming, slaves still hunt wild animals for rulers. In April, ambition will bear fruit, and in May, cicadas will sing. Crops begin to harvest in August, and trees lose their leaves in October. 1 1 month, I went hunting. In order to make winter clothes for my son, I went to get fox fur. In1February, the momentum is even stronger, and everyone gets together to continue hunting. When the prey is shot, the small beast becomes a slave, and the big beast has to be presented to the ruler.
The fifth chapter writes that a year will pass, and slaves will clean up their houses for the winter. In May, locusts take off, and in June, the weaver girl flutters her wings. Crickets enter the roof from the wild, the house from the roof, and the bed from the house. The song is getting closer and colder. At this time, all the gaps in the house were plugged, and then the rats were smoked out and driven out of the house; Then block the window facing north and block the door with mud to prevent the cold north wind. Sigh that my wife and children often sleep in the fields during busy farming. Only in winter, when the cold weather has passed, do we officially return home.
The sixth chapter writes that slaves had to engage in various sideline businesses other than agriculture for the rulers to enjoy. At the same time, we have to pick melons in July, gourds in August and sesame seeds in September and give them to the rulers. The serfs didn't have enough to eat, so they had to cook some bitter vegetables with firewood to feed themselves.
Chapter seven, it is written that slaves have finished farm work and have to build houses for rulers. The threshing floor will be built in September, and the grain will be put into storage in 10. Whether it is the first ripe crop, the second ripe crop, grain or marijuana, they must be collected and sent to the aristocratic warehouse. After harvesting the crops, I went to repair the houses for the nobles. Cut the thatch during the day and rub the rope at night. When the houses of the nobles were repaired, it was almost time for the slaves to sow in spring.
In chapter 8, after a year of hard work, we will hold a grand banquet to celebrate the birthday of the ruler. Cut the ice in December and store it in the ice bank in the first month for the ruler to enjoy the cool in the summer of the next year. When the ploughing was finished and the threshing floor was cleaned, the lambs were slaughtered, banquets were held, glasses were raised to the court, and long live the rulers.
The long poem July shows us a picture of class oppression in ancient slave society. Male and female slaves worked endlessly all year round, and as a result, they were deprived of everything by the nobles. Reading this elegy, it seems that an oppressed old slave appeared in front of us, telling people face to face about his living situation and his bloody history. He told his family and neighbors about the hard and miserable life year after year, so considerate and sad. Although he didn't dare to show strong resentment, he was mixed with sighs and sorrows from time to time, exposing the evil and cruelty of slave owners with living facts. Although these slaves were temporarily intimidated by the arrogance of the slave owners and their spirits were numb, one day they would roar like a volcano and vent their accumulated resentment.
The language of this poem is unpretentious, and it is completely written in a narrative way. The whole article revolves around the word "bitter", and according to the order of seasons, from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, from farming and sericulture to hunting and ice cutting, it reflects the multi-level working face and high-intensity labor all year round. The words are sad and bitter, as if telling a heavy history. However, what deserves our familiarity and appreciation is that this poem shows a certain sober class consciousness while lamenting and complaining. "The woman was sad and almost left with her son." "I'm Zhu Kongyang, my son's clothes." "I want to exchange foxes for my son's fur." "Dedication to the public" and "meritorious service in the palace" all show the slaves' suspicion and dark hatred for the nobles' free eating and drinking and arrogance. When expressing class oppression, the poem also uses comparative descriptions, such as slaves working hard, and "the field is full of joy", the contrast between bitterness and joy; Slaves have no clothes and no brown, but they are "for their sons" and "for their sons", the contrast between cold and warm; This description, such as the contrast between less and more, is consciously revealing the inequality of class oppression. In addition, the poem is good at grasping the characteristics of various phenology to express the evolution of festivals, which makes the whole poem full of natural scenery and strong local flavor. Especially the fifth chapter: "In May, I moved my stock, and in June, the pheasant revived its feathers. I was in the wild in July, at home in August and September, and crickets came under my bed in 10. " With the chirping of insects and the migration of crickets to avoid the cold, the process of seasonal change is vividly expressed. There is not a word "cold" in these words, but it makes us feel that the weather is getting colder every day, so that it is chilly. This technique is widely used in July, and another example is: "the first day, fat, the second day, fierce." It also vividly shows that as the wind increases, the season is getting colder and colder.
Autumn Xi Du Mu
In the autumn night, candlelight reflected the screen, and Fan slapped the fireflies with his hand.
Day and night are as cool as water. Sit and watch the morning glory and Vega.
This poem describes the lonely life and desolate mood of a frustrated maid-in-waiting.
The first two sentences have painted a picture of life in the palace. On an autumn night, the white candle gives off a faint light, adding a dim and cold tone to the picture on the screen. At this time, a lonely maid-in-waiting was flapping the flying fireflies with a small fan. This sentence is very implicit and contains three meanings: first, the ancients said that rotten grass turned into fireflies. Although unscientific, fireflies were always born in those desolate places between grass graves. Nowadays, there are fireflies flying in the courtyard where maids live, and the bleak life of maids can be imagined. Secondly, we can imagine the loneliness and boredom of the maid-in-waiting from her flapping fireflies. With nothing to do, she had to release fireflies to amuse her lonely years. She beat the firefly with a small fan, and suddenly seemed to want to drive away the loneliness and loneliness that surrounded her, but what's the use? Thirdly, the small fan in the hand of the maid-in-waiting is symbolic. Fans were originally used for cooling in summer, but they are useless in autumn. Therefore, autumn fan is often used as a metaphor for abandoning a wife in ancient poetry. According to legend, Ban Jieyu, the princess of Emperor Han, was once demoted by Zhao Yanfei. After falling out of favor, she lived in Changxin Palace and wrote a poem "Li Sao": "The new Soviet Union is as bright as frost and snow. Cut into acacia fans, round like the bright moon. In and out of your arms, shaking the breeze. I am often afraid that the autumn festival will come and the cold will seize the heat. Abandon donations, and be kind. " This statement may not be credible, but when there are round fans and autumn fans in poetry, they are often associated with women who have fallen out of favor. For example, Wang Changling's Poem of Long Letters in Autumn: "Give a broom to open the Golden Palace and make a round fan wander", and Wang Jian's "Teasing in the Palace": "A round fan, a round fan, a beauty's illness covers her face" are all the same. Du Mu's poem "Light a Small Fan" also symbolizes the fate of the maid-in-waiting who holds the fan being abandoned.
Leyouyuan scenic spot
Li shangyin
Being late is uncomfortable,
Drive the car to the ancient plain.
The setting sun is infinite,
It's near the yellow.
[Notes]
1. Leyuan Scenic Area: In the south of Chang 'an (now Xi 'an), it was the highest place in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty. Xuan Di, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, established Leyou Temple, also known as Leyou Garden and Leyou Garden Scenic Area. Boarding it is expected to be Chang 'an. Le Garden Scenic Area is a part of Yichun Garden in Qin Dynasty, which was named after the early Western Han Dynasty. "History of Han Dynasty Xuandi Ji" states, "After three years as a god, I will be happy in the garden". In other words, the real name of Le Garden Scenic Area is Le Garden, and the first queen of Emperor Gaozu, Xu, died after giving birth and was buried here. Because "original" and "original" are homophonic, Leyuan Garden is called "Leyuan Garden Scenic Area". There is a record in Records of Guanzhong: "Xuan Di Hou Xu was buried in Leyou, Chang 'an County. The temple was built in the north of Qujiang Lake, and it was named Leyou Temple, which was named after the garden (Chang 'an Records was mistakenly written as a burial word)."
According to Ge Hong's Miscellaneous Notes on Xijing, "Le Garden Scenic Area has its own rose trees, and there are many alfalfa under it", and "the wind is in the meantime, the flowers are long and bleak, and the sun is shining", so it is called "Huai Wind", which was also called "light wind" or "lotus grass" at that time. It can be seen that roses and alfalfa are both characteristic flowers in Leyuan Scenic Area. Until the turn of the middle and late Tang Dynasty, Leyuan Scenic Area was still a good place for Beijingers to visit. At the same time, due to its high geographical position, literati often come here to express their feelings with poems. Poets in the Tang Dynasty left nearly 100 quatrains in Leyuan Scenic Area, which have been praised by people all the time, and Li Shangyin is one of them.
At the age of twenty-five, Li Shangyin was recommended by Ling Hutao, the son of Ling Huchu. Shortly after Linghu Chu's death, he was valued by Wang Maozhi, and Wang married his daughter to him. Since Wang Maozhi was an important figure of the Li Party, Li Shangyin was caught in the struggle of the Niu Li Party and was extremely frustrated in the officialdom. The famous poem "Le Garden Scenic Area" is a true portrayal of his depressed mood.
2. discomfort: unhappy, unhappy.
This poem is written by the author to praise the scenery before dusk in Yuan Ye and express his feelings. Li Shangyin, a poet, foresaw a serious social crisis through the prosperity of the Tang Empire at that time. The poem "to see the sun, for all his glory, buried by the coming night" also indicates that in old age, the beautiful scenery of the past has long gone, and people can't help but sigh that time flies and youth is no longer there. This is the dying man's yearning for a better life, and it is also the author's feeling of the greatness and unsurpassability of life, thus expressing his inner helplessness.
This is a masterpiece with a long reputation.
Li Shangyin lived in the late Tang Dynasty, when there were few national games left. Although he is ambitious, he can't show it and is very depressed. This poem reflects his sadness.
The first two sentences, "With the shadow of dusk in my heart, I have driven up among Leyou tombs", mean: In the evening, I was depressed and drove to the ancient suburbs. "Night" means it's getting dark, and "uncomfortable" means unhappy. The poet was in a blue mood, so he drove out to see the scenery to relieve boredom. Guyuan, namely Le Garden Scenic Area, is located in the south of Chang 'an, with high terrain, and is a tourist attraction in the Tang Dynasty. These two sentences point out the time and reason for going to Guyuan. The last two sentences, "The sunset is infinitely beautiful and buried by the coming night", mean that the scenery in the sunset is infinitely beautiful, but it is near dusk. Infinitely Good is a warm praise for the setting sun. However, the word "Gang" turned into deep sorrow. This is a sigh of the poet's inability to retain good things. These two sentences, which are close to aphorisms, have profound implications. They are not only about the natural scenery in the sunset, but also about themselves and the times. It is also full of the positive significance of cherishing time.
first day of the lunar month
Wang Anshi (Northern Song Dynasty)
Except for the one-year-old in firecrackers,
The spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu.
Thousands of families are dying,
Always trade new peaches for old ones.
Brief analysis
This poem describes the moving scene of excitement, joy and Vientiane renewal on New Year's Day, and expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of reforming politics.
The first sentence, "One year old in firecrackers", sent away the old year and ushered in the new year in firecrackers. Sentences are closely related to the topic, rendering the lively and joyful atmosphere of the Spring Festival. The second sentence, "Spring Breeze Warms Tu Su", describes people drinking Tu Su wine in the warm spring breeze. The third sentence, "Every family is dying", is written that the glory of the rising sun shines on every family. Using "absolutely" to express the splendid scene at sunrise symbolizes the infinite bright future. In the conclusion, the phrase "Always exchange old symbols for new peaches" not only describes the folk custom at that time, but also contains the meaning of exchanging new cloth for old cloth. "Fu Tao" is a kind of red wooden board painted with gods, which is hung on the door to ward off evil spirits. Every new year's day, take off the old peach symbol and put on a new one. "New peaches for old symbols" closely echoes the first sentence of firecrackers to send the old year, vividly showing the scene of Vientiane renewal. Wang Anshi is both a politician and a poet. Many of his poems about scenery and things contain strong political content. Through the description of New Year's Day and the new atmosphere of New Year's Day, this poem expresses its ambition, optimism and self-confidence of ruling reform, eliminating the old and enriching the people.
The whole poem is light in writing and bright in color, and the prospect of the eyes and the feelings in the heart complement each other. This is indeed a good poem with profound implications.
Author background
Wang Anshi (102 1- 1086) was a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Character Festival was born in the mid-levels of Linchuan (now Jiangxi Province). As a famous reformist politician, his early poems mainly reflected political, historical and social reality. Poetry is full of philosophy and likes to use allusions. After retiring to Jinling in his later years, he turned to describing a leisurely life and pursuing a fresh and elegant poetic style.