Mencius said, "If you love someone, you will be kind-hearted." : there is no cure for treating diseases and saving people, which is contrary to wisdom; Courtesy people don't answer, but respect them-those who don't do well are self-seeking, and integrity is returned to the world. As the poem says,' Speak what you think and seek more happiness from yourself. "'
translate
Mencius said: "If you love others but can't get close to others, you should ask yourself if your benevolence is not enough;" If you can't manage others well, you should ask yourself if there is something wrong with your management wisdom; If you are polite to others, but you can't get the courtesy from others, you should ask yourself whether your behavior is home-if your behavior doesn't get the expected effect, you should check yourself in turn. If you behave correctly, people all over the world will naturally submit. The Book of Songs says:' Cooperate with fate for a long time and seek more happiness for yourself. "'
reading comprehension
We have heard Mencius say in "On the Ugliness of Gongsun": "The benevolent shoots: the shooter shoots from behind; If you miss it, you will not blame yourself, but you will ask yourself. "
It all means the same thing. From the perspective of personal quality, be strict with yourself, be lenient with others, and criticize yourself in everything. That is to say, Confucius said, "It is far from complaining about the enemy." ("The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong")
From the perspective of governing the country, it is to be kind to others. "its body is right, but it does not make; His body is not right, although he does not obey. " (The Analects of Confucius Lutz)
Confucian politics emphasizes starting from oneself and starting from the things around us, so it is closely related to personal qualities. Self-criticism is one of its means, and its related expositions can be said to be numerous in The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. Of course, there are really too few people who can really do it through the ages, so I still want to emphasize it.
It is often said that the world is a country.
original text
Mencius said, "People often say,' The world is a country'. The foundation of the world is in the country, the foundation of the country is at home, and the foundation of the home is in the body. "
translate
Mencius said: "People have a saying,' All things are done in the world.' The world is a country, a country is a home, and a home is an individual. "
reading comprehension
We often say today: "where can there be a home without a country?" Where can I be without home? "
It seems just the opposite of what Mencius said.
The point is that the starting point is different.
Today, we face interests and demand dedication, so we emphasize the public and forget the private, putting others before ourselves; First the country, then the collective, then the individual.
Confucianism emphasizes moral self-improvement and requires self-cultivation, so putting others before others and pushing others. "After self-cultivation, the family will rule the country, and the country will be flat." (College Classics)
It can be seen that although the number of Tao is opposite, the truth is the same: everyone demands to make contributions to others, the collective, the country and mankind. This is the most fundamental.
Water is clear, but it is turbid.
original text
Mencius said, "What can an inhuman person say? Being in danger is a good thing, and dying is also a good thing. If you are unfriendly and can talk, then why did you lose your country? There is a monk's song that says,' Canglang ② The water is clear, but I can hold a tassel ③; Those who fall into the water are muddy and can spoil my feet. "Confucius said,' Listen, son! Clear is enough. It's also self-inflicted. "Madam will insult herself, but later generations will insult her; The family will destroy itself, and then people will be destroyed; The country will cut itself, and then people will cut themselves. " Taijia (5):' Heaven is guilty, but it can be violated; You can't live by committing crimes yourself. "This is also called."
To annotate ...
1 curse: the same as "disaster". ② Canglang: There are many explanations from predecessors. Either it is the name of water (a tributary of Hanshui River), or it is a place name (north of Xun County, Hubei Province), or it refers to the color of water (cyan). All kinds of ideas do not affect the understanding of the original text. 3 Zhuo: wash. ⑤ tassel: Ribbon for hat. ⑤ Tai Jia said: This sentence has been quoted in On Ugly Sun (3.4). See.
translate
Mencius said, "Can a non-human person consult with him?" ? They feel at ease with other people's dangers, profit from other people's disasters, and take things that lead to family destruction as fun. If an unreasonable person can discuss with him, how can something happen? Once upon a time, a child sang:' The water in the rough waves is clear, you can wash the tassels off my hat; Mud water in the rough waves can wash my feet. Confucius listened and said,' Disciples, please listen! Clear water is used to wash hat tassels, and muddy water is used to wash feet, all because of the water itself. "Therefore, a person always has bring disgrace to oneself's behavior first, and others insult him; A family always has the factor of self-destruction before others destroy it; A country always has its own reasons to crusade before others crusade against it. "Upper Shu Tai House" said: "The disaster from heaven can still escape; There is no escape from the crime you have committed. "That's what I mean. "
reading comprehension
The uses of water are expensive and cheap (Zhuo Ying and Zhuozu), because water is clear and turbid, and people are expensive and cheap. Why not make it yourself?
Not only an individual, but also a family and a country.
People dare to despise others because they have no self-esteem; Because the family is not harmonious, the "third party" has a gap; The country was in turmoil and the enemy took the opportunity to invade. These have been proved by too many examples. Today, we say that "base protection is the easiest to break through from the army department", which is actually what we mean.