-Su Song Dongpo's interpretation of "chanting moon cakes": Eating moon cakes is like eating the moon with a delicious sandwich in the middle. 2, the cake is round, like the moon, indicating that Jiaxiang eats more than enough and feels more care from his family. Every year, he is also a Pisces.
-In modern times, Shi explained in his Mid-Autumn Festival Ci: Anyone who is a grandfather or uncle will give moon cakes to his grandson, granddaughter or nephew during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 3, the shape is extremely cold, the name comes from eating a single core.
The cake maker has a clever heart. He looks beautiful. When you enter the kitchen, you can defrost and steam the liquid in the kettle.
-Interpretation of Qing Yuan Jing Lan's "Chanting Mooncakes": This poem describes the process of making mooncakes. A pair of toads and rabbits are all over the world. When Chang 'e stole medicine, she ran into the cold and couldn't come back.
-Interpretation of Peng Qing Zhang Yun's "Youzhou Customs": There are various patterns on moon cakes, including decorative patterns such as "Toad in the Moon" and "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon Goddess", which can not help but remind people of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon's sad story. 5, peach moon cakes, ice cream sweet sucrose cream.
-Clear. Yang Guangfu's interpretation of "Zhangnan Vegetable House": the stuffing of moon cakes is also more exquisite, similar to today.
2. Why do you want to eat moon cakes and enjoy the moon in Mid-Autumn Festival? The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China and the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. August 15th is in the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. The ancient calendar in China called August in the middle of autumn "Mid-Autumn Festival", so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Mid-Autumn Festival".
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so August 15 was also called "Reunion Festival". Throughout the ages, people often use "full moon" and "lack of moon" to describe "joys and sorrows", and vagrants living in other places also rely on the moon to express their affection. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai's poem "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, and then sinking back, I suddenly remembered home" and so on, "He knows that the dew will be frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is so bright!" Written by Du Fu, there is also "Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me?" In the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi wrote all the eternal songs.
Mid-Autumn Festival is an ancient festival, and it is an important custom to offer sacrifices and enjoy the moon. Ancient emperors had a social system of offering sacrifices to the moon in spring, and folks also had the custom of offering sacrifices to the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Later, it was more important to enjoy the moon than to sacrifice it, and serious sacrifice turned into light entertainment. The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival prevailed in the Tang Dynasty. Many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces, especially in Yue Bai during the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties. So far, there are many historical sites in China, such as Yue Bai Altar, Moon Pavilion and Moon Tower. The "Moon Altar" in Beijing was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, and was used for royal sacrifice to the moon. Whenever the moon rises in the Mid-Autumn Festival, a box is set up in the open air, with moon cakes, pomegranates, dates and other fruits on the console table. After Yue Bai, the family sat around the dining table, chatting while eating and enjoying the bright moon. Now, the activities of offering sacrifices to the moon in Yue Bai have been replaced by large-scale and colorful activities of enjoying the moon by the masses.
Eating moon cakes is another custom of festivals, symbolizing reunion. Since the Tang Dynasty, there have been more and more researches on making moon cakes. Su Dongpo wrote in a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, and there is pulp in the cake", and Yang Guang copied in Qing Dynasty: "Moon cakes are filled with peach meat and ice cream is sugar paste". It seems that the moon cakes at that time were quite close to now.
According to historical records, the word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in the book Zhou Li. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there was a record of "telling Shangshu Town about the cow's confusion, crossing the river in mid-autumn, and traveling incognito around". It was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. The Book of Emperor Taizong recorded the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15. The prevalence of Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty, and it became one of the major festivals in China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This is also the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival.
August 15 is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send moon cakes to each other to show their reunion. "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" also said: "On August 15th, the moon was sacrificed, the cakes were round, the melons were wrongly divided, and the petals were carved with lotus flowers. ..... Those who get married and stay at home will return to their in-laws in the future. This is the so-called reunion festival. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, there is a custom of "reunion" in most parts of our country, that is, flipping a small cake symbolizing reunion, which is similar to a moon cake. The cake contains sugar, sesame, sweet-scented osmanthus and vegetables, and the moon, sweet-scented osmanthus tree and rabbit are pressed outside. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the elders at home will divide the cake into pieces according to the number of people, and each person will have one. If someone is not at home, leave one for them to show family reunion.
During the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are fewer clouds and more fog, and the moonlight is bright and bright. In addition to a series of activities such as enjoying the moon, offering sacrifices to the moon, eating moon cakes and wishing for reunion, there are activities such as dancing grass dragons and building stupas in some places. In addition to moon cakes, all kinds of seasonal fresh fruits and dried fruits are also delicious in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Another explanation for the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival is that the 15th day of the eighth lunar month happens to be the time when rice is ripe, and all families worship the land god. Mid-Autumn Festival may be the legacy of Qiubao.
3.？ Why do you eat moon cakes in Mid-Autumn Festival? I have to say, in ancient China, emperors had sacrificial ceremonies to worship the sun in spring and the moon in autumn.
In the folk, every Mid-Autumn Festival in August, there is also a custom about Yue Bai or offering sacrifices to the moon. The famous proverb "The moon is full on August 15th, and the Mid-Autumn moon cake is sweet and fragrant" tells the custom of urban and rural people to eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn night.
At first, moon cakes were used to worship the moon god. Later, people gradually regarded Mid-Autumn Festival as a symbol of family reunion, and mooncakes gradually became holiday gifts. Moon cakes originally originated from Zhu Jie food in the Tang Dynasty.
During the reign of Tang Gaozu, General Li Jing conquered the Huns and returned home in triumph on August 15. Turpan people who were doing business at that time presented cakes to the emperor of the Tang Dynasty.
Gao Zu Li Yuan took the gorgeous cake box, took out the round cake, smiled at the bright moon in the sky and said, "Please invite toad with Hu cake." After that, share the cake with the ministers.
The word "moon cake" has been used in Wu's Dream of the Liang Lu in the Southern Song Dynasty, but the description of enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival is recorded in the West Lake Travel Agency in the Ming Dynasty: "August 15th is called the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people use moon cakes to get together". In the Qing Dynasty, there were more records about moon cakes, and the production became more and more elaborate.
With the development of moon cakes today, there are more varieties and different tastes. Among them, Beijing-style, Soviet-style, Cantonese-style and Chaozhou-style moon cakes are deeply loved by people all over the country.
Moon cakes symbolize reunion and are a must-eat food for the Mid-Autumn Festival. On holiday nights, people also like to eat some reunion fruits, such as watermelons and fruits, and wish their families a happy, sweet and safe life.
The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China and the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. August 15th is in the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival.
The ancient calendar in China called August in the middle of autumn "Mid-Autumn Festival", so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Mid-Autumn Festival". On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so August 15 was also called "Reunion Festival".
Throughout the ages, people often describe "joys and sorrows" as "the moon is full and the moon is absent", and the wanderers living in other places rely on the moon to express their deep affection. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems such as "Looking up, it's moonlight, then leaning back, suddenly thinking about hometown", "Knowing that the dew is frost tonight, the moonlight at home is bright!" Du Fu's "Spring Breeze is Green in Jiang Nanan" and Wang Anshi's "When Will the Moon Shine on Me" in the Song Dynasty are all timeless masterpieces.
Mid-Autumn Festival is an ancient festival, and it is an important custom to offer sacrifices and enjoy the moon. Ancient emperors had a social system of offering sacrifices to the moon in spring, and folks also had the custom of offering sacrifices to the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Later, it was more important to enjoy the moon than to sacrifice it, and serious sacrifice turned into light entertainment.
The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces. In the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yue Bai's court and folk activities to enjoy the moon were even larger. So far, there are many historical sites in China, such as Yue Bai Altar, Moon Pavilion and Moon Tower.
The "Moon Altar" in Beijing was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, and was used for royal sacrifice to the moon. Whenever the moon rises in the Mid-Autumn Festival, a box is set up in the open air, with moon cakes, pomegranates, dates and other fruits on the console table. After Yue Bai, the family sat around the dining table, chatting while eating and enjoying the bright moon.
Now, the activities of offering sacrifices to the moon in Yue Bai have been replaced by large-scale and colorful activities of enjoying the moon by the masses. Eating moon cakes is another custom of festivals, symbolizing reunion.
Since the Tang Dynasty, the making of moon cakes has become more and more exquisite. Su Dongpo wrote in a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, and there is pulp in the cake", and Yang Guang copied in Qing Dynasty: "Moon cakes are filled with peach meat and ice cream is sugar paste".
It seems that the moon cakes at that time were quite similar to those now. Eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional folk custom in China, just like eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival and glutinous rice balls on Lantern Festival. Throughout the ages, people regard moon cakes as a symbol of good luck and reunion.
Every Mid-Autumn Festival, when the bright moon is in the sky, the whole family will get together, enjoy cakes and the moon, talk about everything and enjoy family happiness. Moon cakes, also known as Hu cakes, palace cakes, cookies, moon cakes, reunion cakes, etc. It is an offering to worship the moon god in the ancient Mid-Autumn Festival, and the custom of eating moon cakes has been formed since it was handed down.
Moon cakes have a long history in China. According to historical records, as early as the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, there was a kind of "Taishi cake" to commemorate Taishi Wenzhong, the "ancestor" of China moon cakes.
Zhang Qian introduced sesame seeds and walnuts to the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, which added auxiliary materials for making moon cakes. At this time, a round cake filled with walnuts appeared, which was called "Hu cake". In the Tang Dynasty, people had bakers engaged in production, and pastry shops began to appear in Chang 'an, the capital.
It is said that one Mid-Autumn Festival night, Emperor Taizong and Yang Guifei enjoyed the moon and ate Hu Bing. Emperor Taizong felt that the name Hu Bing was not pleasant to listen to. Yang Guifei looked up at the bright moon, and her emotions surged. She casually came up with "moon cakes". Since then, the name of "moon cake" has gradually spread among the people. The royal family in the Northern Song Dynasty likes to eat a kind of "palace cake" in the Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as "small cake" and "moon group".
Su Dongpo has a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, crisp and pleasing." The screenwriter of the Song Dynasty was thorough. The name "moon cake" was first mentioned in Old Wulin, which described what Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, saw.
In the Ming Dynasty, eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival gradually spread among the people. At that time, ingenious bakers printed the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon's fairy tales on moon cakes as food art drawings, making moon cakes a necessary food for Mid-Autumn Festival.
The Journey to the West, a Tian Rucheng in Ming Dynasty, said: "August 15th is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send moon cakes to show their reunion." By the Qing Dynasty, the production technology of moon cakes had been greatly improved, and there were more and more varieties. Moon cakes prepared for the moon can be seen everywhere.
Yuan Jinglan, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, has a long poem "Moon Cake Poetry", which includes "If you enter the kitchen, you can defrost and steam the pot. Rub fine dust and polish rouge marks.
This sentence, "Let friends and relatives exchange gifts and save everything ... children sit together and the cups and plates are exhausted" is described, from the making of moon cakes, the exchange of moon cakes between friends and relatives, to the holding of family banquets and the appreciation of the moon.
4. Are there any poems about moon cakes in Mid-Autumn Festival 1? Songnan is good, and things are fragrant in autumn. Moon cakes are full of jujube stuffing, and sweet new fruit valleys gradually appear. -Songnan Yuefu
Interpretation: The real cause of moon cakes should be the ancient and simple "taste the new" style in China. Autumn is the harvest season, and the ancients used it.
It is normal to make some fresh and delicious food with new grains and fruits.
2, the cake is like chewing the moon, crisp and glutinous. -Su Dongpo's "Chanting Mooncakes"
Interpretation: Eating moon cakes is like eating the moon with a delicious sandwich in the middle.
3, peach moon cakes, ice cream sweet sucrose cream. -Yang Guangfu's "Nan Cai Fu"
Interpretation: The filling of moon cakes is also more exquisite, similar to today.
4. The system is a silver scorpion and purple shadow, and a pair of rabbits are both human beings. When Chang 'e stole medicine, she ran into the cold and couldn't come back. -Peng, "Youzhou Customs"
Interpretation: There are various patterns on the moon cakes, such as "A toad in the moon" and "Goddess of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon", which can not help but remind people of the sad story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon.
5, the cake is full moon, which means that Jiaxiang eats more than enough, and feels the care from his family. Every year, he is also a Pisces. -Shi's Mid-Autumn Festival Ci
Interpretation: Anyone who is a grandfather or uncle will give moon cakes to his grandson, granddaughter or nephew on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Extended data
Dietary customs of the Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Su Dongpo, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, once praised moon cakes with a poem, "A small cake is like chewing the moon, with crisp inside and stuffing inside", which shows that moon cakes in the Song Dynasty already have ghee and sugar stuffing.
In the Yuan Dynasty, it was said that people took advantage of the opportunity of giving mooncakes to carry a note in them, and agreed to take action at the same time to kill and drive away Mongolian "Tatars" on the evening of August 15. In the Ming Dynasty, the custom of eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival became more common. Ming Shenbang's "Wan Bu Miscellaneous Notes" contains: "The furniture of ordinary people's homes is a kind of moon cake with different sizes, which is called moon cake."
"Proceedings" said: "In August, Haitang and Hosta flowers were enjoyed in the palace. From the first day of the first lunar month, mooncakes have been sold, and by the fifteenth day, every household has provided mooncakes and melons. If there are still moon cakes left, they should be stored in a dry and cool place and used separately at the end of the year, called reunion cakes. " After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the custom of giving away mooncakes on Mid-Autumn Festival became increasingly popular, and mooncakes had the symbolic meaning of "reunion".
From Qing Dynasty to modern times, new progress has been made in the quality and variety of moon cakes. Different raw materials, production methods and shapes make moon cakes more colorful, forming Beijing flavor, Suzhou flavor, Guangdong style and other unique varieties. Moon cakes are not only unique holiday food, but also exquisite cakes available in all seasons, which are deeply loved by people.
References:
Sogou encyclopedia-moon cake
5. Why do you eat moon cakes in Mid-Autumn Festival? The origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival is the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China and the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival.
Also known as Mid-Autumn Festival, Reunion Festival and August Festival. It is a traditional festival of Han nationality and most ethnic minorities in China, and it is also popular in neighboring countries such as Korea, Japan and Vietnam. Because autumn (referring to the lunar calendar) falls in July, August and September, August is in the middle of the year, and August 30th is in the middle of the year, it is called Mid-Autumn Festival.
So there are more people in the sky than family reunion at night, so it is also called reunion festival. Mid-Autumn Festival originated from the ancient custom of worshipping autumn in China and Yue Bai.
The Book of Rites states that the son of heaven is in spring, and the sun and moon are in autumn. The Asahi is facing the DPRK, and the evening is in the evening. "
"Moon at night" here means Yue Bai. It was formed in the Han Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival became popular and was designated as the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Ouyang Zhan (785-827 AD) said in Preface to Poems on the Moon in Chang 'an Opera: "August is in autumn. The beginning and end of the season; At night, the moon is in the clouds.
From the sky, it is cold and hot, and from the number of months, it is round, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so August 15 was also called "Reunion Festival".
Throughout the ages, people often use "full moon" and "lack of moon" to describe "joys and sorrows", and vagrants living in other places also rely on the moon to express their affection. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems such as "Looking up, it's moonlight, then leaning back, suddenly thinking about hometown", "Knowing that the dew is frost tonight, the moonlight at home is bright!" Du Fu's "Spring Breeze is Green in Jiang Nanan" and Wang Anshi's "When Will the Moon Shine on Me" in the Song Dynasty are all timeless masterpieces.
Mid-Autumn Festival, Lantern Festival and Dragon Boat Festival are also called the three traditional festivals in China. Investigating the origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival is closely related to myths and legends such as "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon", "Wu Gang cutting Guangxi" and "Jade Rabbit smashing medicine".
Therefore, the folk customs of Mid-Autumn Festival are mostly related to the moon. Watching the moon, Yue Bai and eating reunion moon cakes all originated from this.
Ancient emperors had a social system of offering sacrifices to the moon in spring, and folks also had the custom of offering sacrifices to the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Later, it was more important to enjoy the moon than to sacrifice it, and serious sacrifice turned into light entertainment. The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces. In the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yue Bai's court and folk activities to enjoy the moon were even larger.
So far, there are many historical sites in China, such as Yue Bai Altar, Moon Pavilion and Moon Tower. The "Moon Altar" in Beijing was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, and was used for royal sacrifice to the moon.
Whenever the moon rises in the Mid-Autumn Festival, a box is set up in the open air, with moon cakes, pomegranates, dates and other fruits on the console table. After Yue Bai, the family sat around the dining table, chatting while eating and enjoying the bright moon. Now, the activities of offering sacrifices to the moon in Yue Bai have been replaced by large-scale and colorful activities of enjoying the moon by the masses.
Eating moon cakes is another custom of festivals, symbolizing reunion. Since the Tang Dynasty, the making of moon cakes has become more and more exquisite.
Su Dongpo wrote in a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, and there is pulp in the cake", and Yang Guang copied in Qing Dynasty: "Moon cakes are filled with peach meat and ice cream is sugar paste". It seems that the moon cakes at that time were quite similar to those now.
Usually, many people say that the Mid-Autumn Festival originated in the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon. According to historical records: "Yesterday, Chang 'e took the medicine of the Queen Mother of the West to live forever, so she went to the moon with the essence of the moon. "
The price Chang 'e paid for this move was hard labor, and she could not return to the world for life. Li Bai was very sad for this, and wrote a poem: "The white rabbit pounded medicine in autumn, and came back to life in spring. Who is the female neighbor? " Although Chang 'e herself feels good about the Moon Palace, she can't bear loneliness. She returns to Earth to reunite with her husband all night on August 15 every year, but she must return to the Moon Palace before dawn.
After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the world not only wants to get together with Chang 'e on the moon, but also hopes that Chang 'e can come down to see her beauty. Therefore, when many people burn incense in Yue Bai, they pray that "men would like to leave themoon early and go to immortal laurel" ... women hope that they will look like Chang 'e and be as round as the bright moon. "
Year after year, people celebrate this day as a holiday. Some people think that the Mid-Autumn Festival began when Emperor Tang Ming enjoyed the moon.
The book "The Legacy of Kaiyuan" in the Tang Dynasty records that on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, Tang and Yang Guifei played under the moon and swam to Xing. They went to the Moon Palace, where Tang learned half of the colorful feathers, and later supplemented them and became a masterpiece. Tang will never forget this trip to the Moon Palace. At this time of year, we should enjoy the moon.
People follow suit and get together at the full moon to enjoy the beautiful scenery on the earth. Over time, it has become a tradition.
It has been suggested that the Mid-Autumn Festival was originally the anniversary of the uprising that overthrew the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the people could not stand the government's rule. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, they wrote, "Kill Tatars and destroy the Yuan Dynasty; The note "Let's do it together on August 15" is hidden in a small round cake made of chromium and passed to each other.
On the evening of August 15, every family United and overthrew the rule of the yuan dynasty. Later, every Mid-Autumn Festival, we all eat moon cakes to commemorate this historic victory.
It has also been suggested that the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival is related to agricultural production. Autumn is the harvest season.
The word "autumn" is interpreted as "autumn when crops are ripe" In the Mid-Autumn Festival in August, crops and various fruits are maturing one after another. In order to celebrate the harvest and express their joy, farmers regard the Mid-Autumn Festival as a festival.
"Mid-Autumn Festival" means the middle of autumn. August of the lunar calendar is a month in autumn, and the fifteenth is a day in the middle of next month. The word Mid-Autumn Festival appears in Zhou Li, but it does not refer to the Mid-Autumn Festival, but refers to the second month of autumn.
There was an "Autumn Festival" in the Han Dynasty, which was the day of beginning of autumn, not August 15th. There are four seasons and twelve festivals in the book of Tang Dynasty. There is no Mid-Autumn Festival, but there is a "Mid-Autumn Moon" in Tang poetry. "The Mid-Autumn Festival in August is full moon, and I will send you to the Mulan boat" (Wei Zhuang's "Send Li Xiu to Jingxi").
The Mid-Autumn Festival was clearly recorded for the first time by Wu Zishou of the Southern Song Dynasty. In his book Dream of Liang Lu, he said: "The Mid-Autumn Festival is on August 15th, and Sanqiu is halfway, so it is called the Mid-Autumn Festival. This night, the moonlight is brighter than usual, also called' moonlight'. "
The book also describes the grand occasion of enjoying the moon and visiting the night market in Lin 'an, Kyoto (now Hangzhou) in the Southern Song Dynasty. . .
6. Why do you eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival? According to legend, in ancient China, the emperor had ceremonies to worship the sun in spring and the moon in autumn.
In the folk, every Mid-Autumn Festival in August, there is also a custom about Yue Bai or offering sacrifices to the moon. The famous proverb "The moon is full on August 15th, and the Mid-Autumn moon cake is sweet and fragrant" tells the custom of urban and rural people to eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn night.
At first, moon cakes were used to worship the moon god. Later, people gradually regarded Mid-Autumn Festival as a symbol of family reunion, and mooncakes gradually became holiday gifts. Moon cakes originally originated from Zhu Jie food in the Tang Dynasty.
During the reign of Tang Gaozu, General Li Jing conquered the Huns and returned home in triumph on August 15. Turpan people who were doing business at that time presented cakes to the emperor of the Tang Dynasty.
Gao Zu Li Yuan took the gorgeous cake box, took out the round cake, smiled at the bright moon in the sky and said, "Please invite toad with Hu cake." After that, share the cake with the ministers.
The word "moon cake" has been used in Wu's Dream of the Liang Lu in the Southern Song Dynasty, but the description of enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival is recorded in the West Lake Travel Agency in the Ming Dynasty: "August 15th is called the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people use moon cakes to get together". In the Qing Dynasty, there were more records about moon cakes, and the production became more and more elaborate.
With the development of moon cakes today, there are more varieties and different tastes. Among them, Beijing-style, Soviet-style, Cantonese-style and Chaozhou-style moon cakes are deeply loved by people all over the country.
Moon cakes symbolize reunion and are a must-eat food for the Mid-Autumn Festival. On holiday nights, people also like to eat some reunion fruits, such as watermelons and fruits, and wish their families a happy, sweet and safe life.
The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China and the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival. August 15th is in the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival.
The ancient calendar in China called August in the middle of autumn "Mid-Autumn Festival", so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Mid-Autumn Festival". On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the moonlight is bright. The ancients regarded the full moon as a symbol of reunion, so August 15 was also called "Reunion Festival".
Throughout the ages, people often describe "joys and sorrows" as "the moon is full and the moon is absent", and the wanderers living in other places rely on the moon to express their deep affection. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems such as "Looking up, it's moonlight, then leaning back, suddenly thinking about hometown", "Knowing that the dew is frost tonight, the moonlight at home is bright!" Du Fu's "Spring Breeze is Green in Jiang Nanan" and Wang Anshi's "When Will the Moon Shine on Me" in the Song Dynasty are all timeless masterpieces.
Mid-Autumn Festival is an ancient festival, and it is an important custom to offer sacrifices and enjoy the moon. Ancient emperors had a social system of offering sacrifices to the moon in spring, and folks also had the custom of offering sacrifices to the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Later, it was more important to enjoy the moon than to sacrifice it, and serious sacrifice turned into light entertainment.
The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces. In the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yue Bai's court and folk activities to enjoy the moon were even larger. So far, there are many historical sites in China, such as Yue Bai Altar, Moon Pavilion and Moon Tower.
The "Moon Altar" in Beijing was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, and was used for royal sacrifice to the moon. Whenever the moon rises in the Mid-Autumn Festival, a box is set up in the open air, with moon cakes, pomegranates, dates and other fruits on the console table. After Yue Bai, the family sat around the dining table, chatting while eating and enjoying the bright moon.
Now, the activities of offering sacrifices to the moon in Yue Bai have been replaced by large-scale and colorful activities of enjoying the moon by the masses. Eating moon cakes is another custom of festivals, symbolizing reunion.
Since the Tang Dynasty, the making of moon cakes has become more and more exquisite. Su Dongpo wrote in a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, and there is pulp in the cake", and Yang Guang copied in Qing Dynasty: "Moon cakes are filled with peach meat and ice cream is sugar paste".
It seems that the moon cakes at that time were quite similar to those now. Eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional folk custom in China, just like eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival and glutinous rice balls on Lantern Festival. Throughout the ages, people regard moon cakes as a symbol of good luck and reunion.
Every Mid-Autumn Festival, when the bright moon is in the sky, the whole family will get together, enjoy cakes and the moon, talk about everything and enjoy family happiness. Moon cakes, also known as Hu cakes, palace cakes, cookies, moon cakes, reunion cakes, etc. It is an offering to worship the moon god in the ancient Mid-Autumn Festival, and the custom of eating moon cakes has been formed since it was handed down.
Moon cakes have a long history in China. According to historical records, as early as the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, there was a kind of "Taishi cake" to commemorate Taishi Wenzhong, the "ancestor" of China moon cakes.
Zhang Qian introduced sesame seeds and walnuts to the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, which added auxiliary materials for making moon cakes. At this time, a round cake filled with walnuts appeared, which was called "Hu cake". In the Tang Dynasty, people had bakers engaged in production, and pastry shops began to appear in Chang 'an, the capital.
It is said that one Mid-Autumn Festival night, Emperor Taizong and Yang Guifei enjoyed the moon and ate Hu Bing. Emperor Taizong felt that the name Hu Bing was not pleasant to listen to. Yang Guifei looked up at the bright moon, and her emotions surged. She casually came up with "moon cakes". Since then, the name of "moon cake" has gradually spread among the people. The royal family in the Northern Song Dynasty likes to eat a kind of "palace cake" in the Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as "small cake" and "moon group".
Su Dongpo has a poem: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, crisp and pleasing." The screenwriter of the Song Dynasty was thorough. The name "moon cake" was first mentioned in Old Wulin, which described what Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, saw.
In the Ming Dynasty, eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival gradually spread among the people. At that time, ingenious bakers printed the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon's fairy tales on moon cakes as food art drawings, making moon cakes a necessary food for Mid-Autumn Festival.
The Journey to the West, a Tian Rucheng in Ming Dynasty, said: "August 15th is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send moon cakes to show their reunion." By the Qing Dynasty, the production technology of moon cakes had been greatly improved, and there were more and more varieties. Moon cakes prepared for the moon can be seen everywhere.
Yuan Jinglan, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, has a long poem "Moon Cake Poetry", which includes "If you enter the kitchen, you can defrost and steam the pot. Rub fine dust and polish rouge marks.
This sentence, "Let friends and relatives exchange gifts and save everything ... children sit together and the cups and plates are exhausted" is described, from the making of moon cakes, the exchange of moon cakes between friends and relatives, to the holding of family banquets and the appreciation of the moon.