(Yang j and jīng bāng)
Pidgin, also known as West Pidgin. It is a tributary of the Huangpu River, winding in the west into Zhoujing (now South Tibet Road), that is, the section of Yan 'an East Road from the Bund to the world. Pidgin is named because it leads to Yangjing Port. In the early years of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, after the formation of the Huangpu River system, the river was divided into two sections: East Pidgin in Pudong and West Pidgin in Puxi. After Qingganlong, due to the construction of the upper pool along Pupu, the Pudong section was no longer flooded, and then gradually silted up. Since then, Puxi section is no longer called "West", but called Pidgin, surrounded by empty fields, winding muddy paths and ditches.
Later, Pidgin was changed to a language with the characteristics of other languages (usually the user's mother tongue) and named after a place name near the Shanghai Concession (it used to refer to the contact language of Chinese, Portuguese and British people engaged in trade in China, but now it is common). In English, the corresponding word is pidgin.
From the perspective of pure linguistics, it is only a stage of language development, which refers to a mixed language among people who do not have the same language but belong to different language groups. Once Piqin was spread as a mother tongue and became a social communication language, it began to gradually expand its vocabulary and tighten its grammar, and quickly developed into a communication language or an independent language.
plant conditions
A large number of immigrants moved in and colonized, and immigrants moved in, a communication language that enables both sides to communicate reluctantly in the process of communication between locals and foreigners, with minimal grammatical rules and traces of local grammar; In the case of colonization, colonists and laborers from different independent language areas came into being through the exchange of information.
All ethnic groups and countries are in contact with each other, and this Piqin language has the characteristics of its own national language. For example, more than 2,000 people in Wutun Town, Tongren County, Huangnan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province use a mixed Chinese-Tibetan language, the so-called Piqin language.
Indirect contact, long-distance economic and cultural exchanges.
develop
As a result of close contact between different languages, a language with a relatively high economic and cultural status gradually replaces a language with a relatively low economic and cultural status after multilingual existence. However, under certain social conditions, language mixing may occur, and even the so-called Piqin language may appear. This mixed language may form a language after a long period of evolution. At present, millions of people in many parts of the world rely on the leather piano as the main tool to transmit information. In island countries or coastal countries such as Papua New Guinea, Piqin has the status of official language or semi-official language. Creole whisper is a typical language in the development of Piqin. This language originated from the plantations of colonial rulers in some parts of Africa and America after17th century. Because the plantation workers come from different tribes and can't talk to each other, they not only have no common language with colonial rulers, but also can't communicate with each other in their own language. Therefore, Piqin, a colonial language, became the only local communication tool. In this way, with the intermarriage of workers from different tribes, this language was passed on to future generations as a mother tongue, and then developed into a Creole whisper.
Pi Qin's vocabulary is very small, mostly from foreign languages and a few from local vocabulary. In this foreign language with a small vocabulary and extremely simple grammar rules, many things can only be expressed by roundabout metaphors, phrases and even sentences. For example, in Shanghai Piqin language, "beard" is called grass face ("grass face"). Piqin language is only a short-lived language phenomenon when foreigners do not have an absolute advantage in economy and culture.