Appreciation of Sentences
The whole article revolves around the word "Wang", and the first four sentences are lyrical with scenes. People write that Chang 'an city is overgrown with vegetation and sparsely populated to set off the country's ruin. The first "though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure" is shocking and has a sense of historical vicissitudes. Wrote the sad scene of the country's destruction of the city. The phrase "where petals have been shed like tears, and lonely birds have sung their grief" personifies the flowers and birds, feeling that the country is divided and the state affairs are difficult, and the flowers and birds in Chang 'an are all shocked by tears. Writing about spring through flowers and birds, writing about things that hurt things, and expressing the sadness of national subjugation and parting with personification. Reflect the poet's patriotism. The poet's cross-transformation of feelings and scenery implicitly conveys the poet's sigh, worry and anger from climbing to distant perspective, from far and near, and from weak to strong. The country is in turmoil, the war has been going on for years, the people are separated from each other, and the music and books are impassable. At this time, it is especially valuable to receive letters from home. The poet reflects from the side the great pain brought to the people by the war and the people's urgent mood of wanting to know whether their loved ones are safe or not during the turbulent period. At the same time, it also shows that the poet is deeply worried about the country by the hard-won letters from home. In the last two sentences, the poet's increasingly sparse white hair can't even be inserted into the hair clasp, and the poet's anxiety and indignation are deep and wide with action. The whole poem is full of scenes and feelings, but it is implicit and concise, which fully embodies the poet's artistic style of "depression and frustration"
The whole poem expresses the poet's feelings of worrying about the country, hurting his time, missing home, feeling sorry for himself and missing his loved ones.
The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural, reflecting the poet's feelings of loving the motherland and caring for his family as soon as possible. Modern people such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is not straight, the scene is not free, the feelings are strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not miscellaneous, and the meter is rigorous but not rigid." This theory is quite appropriate. "one message from home is worth a ton of gold" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages.
in June (756), the first year from Tang Suzong to Germany, the Anshi rebels captured Chang 'an, Tang Dou. In July, Du Fu heard the news of Tang Suzong's accession to the throne in Lingwu, so he settled his family in Qiang village in Fū state and went to Su Zong. On the way, he was captured by the rebels and brought to Chang 'an. He was not imprisoned because of his humble position. Spring Hope was written in March of the following year. When the poet witnessed the fall of Chang 'an's flute, he was homesick in adversity and could not help feeling deeply.
The poem's one, two and four sentences are written in pairs, which are full of sighs. Three, four, two, four sentences to write about the situation of loved ones, full of feelings. The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural.
"though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure, and spring comes green again to trees and grasses." At the beginning, I wrote what I saw in the spring: the capital fell and the city was broken. Although the mountains and rivers remained the same, the grass was everywhere and the trees were gray. A word "broken" makes people stunned, and then a word "deep" makes people sad. Sima Guang said: "The mountains and rivers are there, and there is nothing left in the Ming Dynasty.": The vegetation is deep, and there is no one. " ("Wen Gong's Continued Poems") The poet here clearly writes scenery, but actually expresses feelings, sends feelings to things, and trusts feelings to the scenery, creating an atmosphere for the whole poem. This couplet is skillful in antithesis, mature and natural, and poetic. "national destruction" is opposite to "city spring". The ruins of "national destruction" are in sharp contrast to the "city spring" with rich business. "The country is broken" is followed by "the mountains and rivers are there", which means the opposite and is unexpected; "Spring in the city" was originally a beautiful scene, but the suffix "deep vegetation" was ridiculous, which contradicted each other one after another. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng highly praised this couplet, saying, "Duality is not subtle, but it changes vertically and horizontally, making it more stereotyped, more subtle and deeper, and taking advantage of heaven." (Tang Yin Gui Qian, Volume 9)
"where petals have been shed like tears, and lonely birds have sung their grief." The general explanation of these two sentences is that flowers shed tears and birds are shocked by the sad scene of parting in troubled times. The author touches the scene and empathizes with things, just seeing the richness of good poetry. And using intertextuality, it can be translated as "I hate tears when I feel it, but I feel and lonely birds have sung their grief when I feel it".
The first four sentences of the poem are all in the word "Wang". The poet looks at it from near to far, and from far to near, and his vision ranges from mountains and rivers to the city, and then from the city to flowers and birds. Feelings are from hidden to obvious, from weak to strong, and step by step. In the change of scenery and emotion, it seems that the poet has gradually turned from looking forward to the scenery to looking down and thinking, and naturally transitioned to the second half-longing for relatives.
"after the war-fires of three months, one message from home is worth a ton of gold." Since the rebellion in Anshi, "the flames of war have been bitter and the countryside has been broken", and until now, in the late spring of March, the war has continued. How much I look forward to hearing from my relatives at home. At this moment, a letter from home is really better than "ten thousand gold"! "one message from home is worth a ton of gold" wrote the urgent mood of long-awaited news isolation. This is all the thoughts in everyone's heart, which naturally makes people * * * sound, thus becoming a famous sentence that has been told through the ages.
"I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin, to hold the hairpins any more." There are bonfires everywhere, and my family doesn't trust me. I miss the tragic image in the distance, and I look at the scene of decline in front of me. I don't feel that I am very bored and hesitant, and I feel that my hair is sparse and short. "White hair" is caused by worry, "scratching" is an action to relieve worry, and "shorter" shows the degree of worry. In this way, in addition to the grief of the country's destruction and death, sighing and aging will add a layer of sadness.
This poem reflects the poet's good feelings of loving the country and caring for his family. It is full of meaning but not straight, full of scenes but not free, with strong feelings but not superficial, rich in content but not miscellaneous, rigorous in meter but not rigid, and written in a clear and accurate way with five laws, so it has been ambiguous for more than 1,2 years.
The antithetical sentences in the poem Spring Hope: where petals have been shed like tears, and lonely birds have sung their grief. The war has lasted for more than half a year, the letter from home is rare, and a hundred and thousands of gold.
The poet is only 45 years old this year, but "hoary head" is realistic-half a year later, he once again mentioned in "Northern Expedition": "I fell into the dust and returned to China." "Whitehead" and sparse to the point of "invincible", its old state can be imagined. He is getting old so quickly, which is entirely caused by worrying about the country, hurting his time and homesickness.
Du Fu has been trapped in a thief for eight months, and he has written about twenty poems, which are profound and subtle. When this poem is the most important, every sentence has implication, which is worth tasting.
Appreciation of Poems
The "hope" of Spring Hope expresses nostalgia for family members (after the war-fires of three months, one message from home is worth a ton of gold); Desperate anxiety about the future of the country (though a country be sundered, hills and rivers endure, and spring comes green again to trees and grasses); Lamenting Lian Po's old age (I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin, to hold the hairpins any more)
Central idea
The central idea of this poem is: this poem expresses the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and homesickness by describing the desolate scene of Chang 'an in the An-Shi Rebellion, and reflects the poet's desire for peace and happiness
artistic expression
1. "Spring Hope" is full of emotion, lyricism and support. The key is to turn emotional thoughts into scenery, empathize with scenery and blend scenes, which is what the modern west calls "empathy theory". Du Fu's poem "where petals have been shed like tears, and lonely birds have sung their grief" ("Spring Hope") is an example of empathy.
2. Artistic techniques of poetry. Viewed from different levels, poems are highly generalized and vividly reflect social life. Bixing techniques are often used, that is, rendering, analogy, association and contrast are used to visualize the feelings to be expressed and form a vivid picture. In addition to being vivid and vivid, poetry images often have symbolic meanings and exaggerated pictures, so symbolic and exaggerated techniques are often used, which are lofty and thought-provoking. Poetry expresses feelings with strong emotions, and lyric techniques are often used to express the typical feelings of poets directly (directly expressing one's feelings) or indirectly (that is, expressing feelings on the scene, trusting things and sending feelings). Poetry is an imaginative and enlightening art, and the imagination of poetry is usually manifested in association, analogy and fantasy. It can be said that there is no poetry without imagination. Special attention should be paid to some modernist symbolic poems, which often represent similar or similar concepts, thoughts and emotions by symbolic means or by characteristic things. Such as Dai Wangshu's Rain Lane.
3. The structure of the poem. The structure of poetry follows the logic of emotion and imagination, which is jumping. Therefore, the poet deliberately constructs a "blank"-the leap and omission of art. China's ancient literary theory called it "space". March of the Volunteers in the field: "In the area around Changbai Mountain,/China's sorghum is growing in the blood. /windy sand,/a volunteer army. /Riding through his hometown. /He came back:/The enemy's head,/Hanging from an iron gun ". The poet omitted the scene of fighting bravely against Japan, but the scene of bloody fighting and the national indignation of sharing common enemy are all between the lines. Because of the contrast of the atmosphere at the beginning and the last poem, readers can supplement the battle scenes with imagination in a well-founded way. Poetry jumps and ellipsis, and the artistic treatment of reality and reality alternately results in the artistic expression of "space" with less wins more.
4. The language of poetry. Refined and full of rhythmic beauty. Metaphor, synaesthesia and repetition are commonly used, and the tone, rhyme and rhythm of language constitute the beauty of music.
summary
Chang' an, which was burned and looted by Anshi rebels, is overgrown with weeds and desolate everywhere. Poets worry about time and hurt chaos, touching the scene and feeling. The whole poem is written by "Wang", and the scene is in harmony. Layers of progress, interlocking, from worrying about the country to homesickness, feelings are getting stronger and stronger, gradually concrete and gradually in-depth. After reading the whole poem, the poet who is full of anxiety and sighs seems to be in front of him.
This poem is famous for its profundity and conciseness. The choice of words and words is accurate and rich in meaning.