The following Hubei culture brings you Yichang silk and bamboo. Let's have a look.
Yichang Sizhu is an ancient Han folk music, which is popular in Yaqueling Town, Yiling District, Yichang City. It is played with strings and bamboo flutes. According to preliminary research, it has a history of more than 2000 years. Folk artists must read the description in Notes on Rites and Music: "The Three Emperors and Five Emperors have their own music, which is used to worship their ancestors in temples, enjoy ghosts and gods in heaven and earth, show their prestige in court, and feast guests, so-called rites and music." From this perspective, "Yichang Sizhu" belongs to the traditional rites and music of China.
Music is divided into "big music" and "fine music". Generally speaking, percussion instruments are the main instruments, and the instruments played are tuba, suona, drum, gong, cymbal and hairpin. Fine music is mainly composed of string and bamboo flute, and the instruments played are generally erhu, flute, flute and sheng. It is also known as Yichang Sizhu.
Yichang silk and bamboo has a long history and profound cultural tradition, which has been passed down for nearly 200 years and experienced seven generations of musicians. When Ouyang Xiu was appointed as the magistrate of Yiling County in the Northern Song Dynasty, he described the local folk customs as "the temporary combination of fish and salt in Lashi, and the temple was full of drums and drums". Su Shi, a famous writer, also wrote a poem "The ancestors of the temple worshipped and danced, beating drums and playing the flute to kill the white sheep". According to the Qing Dynasty's "Donghu County Records" (now Yiling District), the customs of Yichang are generally "Lantern Festival, drum music and parade".
"Silk" and "Bamboo" are two categories in the classification of musical instruments with eight tones in the Zhou Dynasty. Silk refers to playing stringed instruments and bamboo refers to bamboo wind instruments. Silk and bamboo music refers to the ensemble of bamboo wind instruments and stringed instruments, with meticulous playing style, beautiful and lyrical expression and lively interest. Such as "Thirty-six" and "Walking in the Street" by Jiangnan Sizhu; Eight Horses Plum Blossom Exercises in Fujian Nanqu; The signature music of the duet "South Embroidered Pocket" and "Pushing Wheel" and so on.
As a form of performance, silk and bamboo (or orchestral string) have the words "Silk and bamboo are more harmonious" and "Where this song is first a song, then a orchestral string." Account. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there have been many records about the combination form of silk and bamboo bands and the music of silk and bamboo, which shows that the music of silk and bamboo has a long history.
In traditional national instrumental music, there is a difference between silk and bamboo music and string Suo Le. Chords are purely played by stringed instruments, and there are no bamboo instruments in the band. But for some music, it can be played in the form of string ensemble or bamboo ensemble. Even for a certain kind of music, some music is played by string bands and some by bamboo bands. For example, the early band group "Wujiatou" of Yue Music belongs to the silk and bamboo band, while the later "Sanjiatou" (Gao Hu, Yangqin and Qin Qin) belongs to the string band.
However, both the Cantonese Opera String Band and the Sizhu Band are used now. Because of their similarity in many aspects, the stringed Suo Le is usually regarded as the music of silk and bamboo. Chord band is represented by the band combination of thirteen chords, and the musical instruments are Huqin, Pipa, Sanxian and Zheng. Silk and bamboo bands represented by Jiangnan Silk and Bamboo Band Group. Commonly used musical instruments are Xiao, Sheng, Erhu, Zhonghu, Pipa, dulcimer, Xiaosanxian, banjo and polar drum.
Yichang Sizhu is dominated by pentatonic melodies, some of which are out of tune, mostly passing through the melody as transitional tones, and some of which have the phenomenon of "signing". Yichang Sizhu is listed as a unique instrumental art variety in our province because of its unique style.
Yichang silk and bamboo have existed for a long time in local Han weddings and funerals and folk activities. The main musical instruments are silk strings and bamboo flutes. The qupai of this kind of music has obvious characteristics of sizhu qupai, including the qupai derivation method of "one tone gives birth to five tones, and five tones give birth to seven tones", and at the same time, the leading phrase is composed of the starting tone and the ending tone, which runs through the whole music. Yichang silk and bamboo have beautiful tunes and delicate expressions, and percussion music often gives people a feeling of elegance and freshness. Its melody is more gorgeous and its plates are more standardized. Qupai and minor are integrated with local folk songs to form a unique style.