Ancient love token
I was traveling to the east gate and met Cheng Qingchen. Sijun is a secluded room, where he sleeps and holds clothes and towels. When there is no mulberry, there is a pact.
There are people on the side of the road. I am pleased with your appearance, and you are also pleased with my appearance. Why the fist? Double golden rings on the arms.
In love poems before the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, unabashed sincerity and passion can be seen everywhere. The same is true for this "Poetry of Love" by Fan Qin, a poet of the Three Kingdoms. In the poem, a pair of lovers use various tokens to express their love. Witnessing their love, each token is endowed with unswerving faith in love. If in ancient times, men still had the freedom to contact the outside world, then for most women who were confined at home, tokens almost represented their bodies and minds traveling to the outside world with their loved ones, allowing their loved ones to carry them with them. The tokens play the role of making lovers miss each other after seeing things. Some of the tokens mentioned in "Love Poem" have been far away from our lives today, and some are still passed between people who love each other until now.
Arm-wrapped gold
"Why the fist? Arm-banded double gold rings"
"Arm-banded double gold rings" refers to arm bracelets, also known as armbands Gold, this is a kind of decoration wrapped around the arms of women in ancient my country. It is made of gold and silver strips coiled into a spiral shape. The number of coils varies, usually three to eight, and there are as many as twelve or thirteen. . The secret of the gold armband is that no matter what angle you look at it, you will see several rings that are not related to each other. It is as beautiful as wearing several bracelets. Although Su Dongpo's poem "Hanju" is about a kind of food called dumplings, the sentence in the poem "When the night comes, spring sleep is stronger than wine, and the beauty is wearing gold armbands." is more reminiscent of a woman wearing armbands. The woman is still in a deep sleep, bringing out a bit of drunken charm. This also shows the effect of armbands on ancient women's appearance.
Zhu Shuzhen, a female poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote in her "Hateful Farewell":
It is always unintentional to play with red and make powder.
After the farewell, I was exhausted and exhausted, and my thoughts were not as deep as this.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, when Neo-Confucianism was increasingly restricted, Zhu Shuzhen was a woman who dared to break through barriers and passionately pursue personal happiness. This poem expresses her heart-breaking longing after separation from her lover. He became thinner and haggard day by day, so much so that the gold wrapped around his arms became loose. It's a pity that she never saw the person she missed, because the person she loved finally chose to escape, so Zhu Shuzhen had no choice but to write "I will send it to Nanlou Bo Xingren with tears in my heart." Then she died of depression.
Rings
"Why is it said to be diligent? It refers to a pair of silver"
The custom of using rings to confirm love has a long history in our country. In "Yiyuan" by Liu Jingshu of the Southern Dynasties It is recorded in the book that Qin Shu, a native of Peijun, married a woman in a tomb. When leaving, "the woman cried and said: I will never see you again once I meet you, so I gave him a pair of rings, tied my clothes with a belt, and sent each other out." When they met, An Keqi, seeing the ring is like seeing the person, the weight of the ring is vivid in the poem. The explanation of the title of "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty. Poems with Li Zhangwu" states that in the Tang Dynasty, the scholar Li Zhangwu fell in love with the wife of the Wang family in Huazhou. When they were leaving, the Wang family's wife gave Li Zhangwu a white jade ring and a poem:
"Twist the ring, and miss each other again. May you keep playing with it forever, and the cycle has no end."
Later, when Li Zhangwu went to Huazhou again, he found that the Wang family's wife had already died of worry, and the ring was just left in despair. Song Li Fang's "Taiping Guangji" said that the souls of Li Zhangwu and Wang's wife later met in Wang's house. This should be people's best wishes for the ending of this love.
In the late Tang Dynasty, rings gradually changed from men and women giving rings to each other to only men giving them to women. This is similar to the way rings are given today in China and the West. Fan Xuan's "Yunxi Friendship" tells the story of the scholar Wei Gao's acquaintance and love with the girl Yuxiao during his childhood trip to Jiangxia. Before Wei Gaolin returned to his hometown, he gave Yuxiao a jade ring and swore that he would marry Yuxiao in at least five years and at most seven years. However, seven years passed, and the unlucky Wei Gao never came again. The infatuated Yuxiao cried out in despair: "The husband of the Wei family, we have not been together for seven years, so we are not coming!" He went on a hunger strike and died. People felt pity for Yuxiao's tragedy, so they put the ring given to her by Wei Gao on her middle finger and buried her. Many years later, Wei Gao's official career was prosperous and he became the governor of Xichuan. Only then did he learn about Yuxiao's death. He regretted it so much that he repaired scriptures and statues to repent of his past betrayal. Later, someone gave Wei Gao a singer, whose name and appearance were exactly the same as Yuxiao, and a ring-like flesh ring loomed on the middle finger. Wei Gao knew that Yuxiao had returned to him, and the two finally reborn. The form of fate realizes the union across the world. Yes? For the sake of a happy ending for lovers in this world, I have no choice but to believe in it.
There is also a plot in this story where Wei Gao relied on the young man's soul-calling skills to meet the soul of Yuxiao, which allows modern people to understand the reproach of an ancient infatuated woman for breaking her promise to her thin lover. After they met, Yuxiao said to Wei Gao before leaving: "My husband's ruthlessness can separate us between life and death!" The only thing that separates us from life and death is her husband's ruthlessness in his emotional commitment! And the complaints were actually said with a smile on his face, but such a smile was filled with so much pain. Thousands of years later, this passage still makes us feel filled with emotion when reading it. However, the fate of ancient women to live by others destined Yuxiao to be like this. When the lovesickness was gone, she was still so attached that she couldn't let go. She missed her through the autumn water. A ring missed her in this life, but she wore it to the next life without regrets.
Since the ring is a betrothal gift, unmarried women in ancient times did not wear rings. Ding Liuniang of the Sui Dynasty wrote in "Shi Suo Shi", "If you want to show your slender hands, follow the Lang Suo ring.
"Perhaps it can explain the unspeakable feelings that ancient and even modern women have for rings. This token is the smallest, but it holds the heaviest weight in a woman's heart. Full of hope, she reaches out her hand to let her beloved wear it for her, and then , maybe wear it happily for a lifetime, or maybe cry to it one day until your heart breaks.
EARRINGS
“Why is it so trivial? "Double Pearls in the Ears"
The earliest record of Chinese women dressing themselves up with earrings can be found in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas", "The mountain of Qingyi is suitable for women, whose gods have small waists and white teeth, and their ears are pierced with knives", "Three Kingdoms" "Zhuge Ke said: "Piercing the ear with a bead is an ancient practice. "It can be seen that ear piercing has been a fashion that has not declined since the third generation. Earrings are divided into earrings, earrings, earrings, earrings and other styles. In the early Qing Dynasty, Li Liweng listed earrings in his "Xianqing Ouji. Shengrong" The small and simple earrings in the book are called "Lilac", and the complicated and gorgeous earrings are called "Luosuo". He said that "one hairpin and one earring can last a woman together for a lifetime", which shows that earrings played a very important role in the aesthetic concepts of the ancients. .
In "The Song of a Chaste Woman" written by Zhang Ji of the Tang Dynasty, "Huanjun Mingzhu sheds tears, wishing to meet her before she was married." The "pearl" in "" refers to earrings. Is it also because this poem makes people feel that using earrings as a token is sad? Zhang Huilian's "Bamboo Branch Poems" in mourning her late husband in the late Yuan Dynasty must have been written by seeing things and thinking about people:
I remember when I bought the pearl to my concubine, I combed my hair and painted my eyebrows.
I am afraid of seeing two butterflies flying among the flowers.
Wish you the best. The sisters found their lovers alone - and the lovers eventually got married - and they wanted to grow old together
Picture: Northern Song Dynasty swan-shaped gold earrings unearthed from the tomb of the Yi family in Pengze, Jiangxi
Tang Dynasty "Yan of a Chaste Woman" in Zhang Ji's book "Returning the king's pearls sheds tears, wishing they could not meet again when they were not married." "It means: Returning your pearl brings tears to my eyes. I regret that I didn't meet you before I was married.
Original text of the work "Jie Fu Yin"
You know that I have a husband, so I give it to you. Two bright pearls.
I feel your affection, tied in the red robe.
The high-rise building in my house rises in the garden, and my husband holds his halberd in the bright light. Your heart is like the sun and the moon, and your husband's vows are as important as life and death.
The pearls shed tears when they return to you.
Appreciation of works
According to another version of this poem, the title is "Send to Dongping Li Sikong Shidao". Li Shidao was the military envoy of Pinglu Ziqing, one of the vassal towns at that time, and was also given the title of Inspector Sikong and Tongzhong Shumen Xia Pingzhangshi. , its momentum is very popular. Since the mid-Tang Dynasty, vassal towns have been separated, and various means have been used to collude with and win over the literati and central officials. Some dissatisfied literati and officials often attached themselves to them. Han Yu once wrote a tactful article in "Preface to Dong Shaonan". Zhang Ji is a disciple of the Han sect, and his stance on unification and opposition to the division of vassal towns is the same as his master's. This poem is a masterpiece written to resist Li Shidao's temptation. It expresses one's attitude tactfully. On the surface, it is a poem expressing love between men and women, but at its core, it is a political poem, titled "Yan of a Chaste Woman", which is used to express one's ambition.
Derived from Han Yuefu's "Mo Shang Sang" and "Yu Lin Lang", but it is more euphemistic and implicit than the previous ones.
The first two sentences say: This person knows that I am a married woman, but she still has a husband. If you want to show affection to me, you are not a person who abides by etiquette and law. The "jun" here refers to Li Shidao in the feudal town, and the "jun" here refers to Li Shidao. The cross comes suddenly and refers directly to the master. Tao has an ulterior motive.
The next verse changes and says: Although I know that you do not abide by the etiquette, I am still touched by your affection and cannot help but tie the pearl you gave me to the red jacket myself. . On the surface, he is a confidant who understands the teacher's ways; if you look deeper, there is something in the words.
Then he talks about his family's wealth and status, and his beloved is the guard of the Mingguang Palace. , The body belongs to the center. In classical poetry, couples are traditionally used as metaphors for monarchs and ministers. These two sentences mean that they are scholar-bureaucrats in the Tang Dynasty.
The two sentences that follow are very contradictory and have fierce ideological struggles. : The first sentence is to thank the other party and comfort the other party; the second sentence is a categorical statement of one's ambition, "My husband and I swear to live and die together."
Finally, it ends with affectionate words, while shedding tears and returning the pearl, the words are tactful. And the will is firm.
The "double pearls" mentioned in the poem are the price Li Shidao used to win over and lure the author to help him, which is the things that ordinary people can only dream of, such as fame, wealth and glory. After careful consideration, she politely rejected the other party's request, saying that "wealthy people cannot be promiscuous" and maintained their solemn stance like a chaste woman maintaining her chastity. However, Li Shidao was a popular high-ranking official in the feudal town at that time, and the author did not want to offend him or let him go. He was embarrassed, so he wrote this very clever two-dimensional poem to reject him.
"Although you have some 'kindness', I have to refuse. "This is what Zhang Ji wanted to express, but it was expressed so euphemistically that Li Shidao was helpless after reading it.
This poem is full of folk song flavor, and some of its descriptions are shown in the psychological portrayal. It is so delicate, plastered, and emotional. There are infinite twists and turns in the short length. It is really called "twisting and twisting."
This poem is sincere and psychologically descriptive. In addition to its euphemistic twists and turns, the whole poem is touching. In addition to the magnanimous mind of a gentleman, its artistic brilliance is also an important reason for it to become a masterpiece.