Reading-reading and learning
Family heirloom-handed down from generation to generation
On the plaques of many old houses, it is easy to see the words "plow and read". "Farming and reading" is widely circulated among the people and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Farming can grow crops, enrich food, support the family and make a living. Through reading, you can learn poetry books, achieve both propriety and righteousness, cultivate self-cultivation, and thus establish noble morality. Therefore, "farming and reading" is not only learning to be a man, but also learning to make a living.
The "reading" mentioned here is, of course, reading books of sages, not being an official, but learning the truth of "courtesy, righteousness, honesty and shame". Because in the eyes of the ancients, life comes first and morality comes first.
After farming, or read a few words of "Four Books", or read a few words of "Saint Amethyst", "Hundred Family Names" and "Thousand Characters", or listen to the old people talking about historical romance. In this ordinary life, people are subtly educated by ethics and sages.
2. Poems handed down by plowing and reading On the plaques of many ancient houses and former residences, it is often easy for us to see the words "plowing and reading". What about ploughing? It is the "cultivation" of cultivated land. What about reading? It is the "reading" of reading. "Farming and reading" is widely circulated among the people and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Farming can grow crops, enrich food, support the family and make a living. Through reading, you can learn poetry books, achieve both propriety and righteousness, cultivate self-cultivation, and thus establish noble morality. Therefore, "farming and reading" is not only learning to be a man, but also learning to make a living.
"Reading" here, of course, refers to reading sage books, not to be an official, but to learn the truth of being a man, such as "courtesy, righteousness, honesty and shame". Because in the eyes of the ancients, life comes first and morality comes first.
"The poor are rich because of books, and the rich are expensive because of books."
"Farming and reading have been handed down for a long time, and poetry and books have a long and elegant rhyme."
"Farming is a service, and reading is glorious."
"Half-bed twilight clouds push the pillow to lie down, and a plow spring rain carries a book plow."
3. Composition "Family Style". Carry forward the virtues "CCTV" What is Family Style "series of interviews, so that family style, a word full of China traditional cultural connotation, has returned to public view. Hebei Daily published a series of articles on the same topic, calling for promoting the ancient family style of farming, loyalty to the monarch and diligence, and further raising the topic of family style discussion in Hebei Province. For a time, the topic of family style is no different, and it has become a general trend to recall, talk about and regain family style.
"Dragon gives birth to dragon, phoenix gives birth to phoenix" is an old saying that people often say. It's not so much heredity as family style. As an ancient civilization, there are countless family stories in the long history of our country. Ceng Zi killed Bi Lixin and moved three times to persuade him to study, which is still a happy way; Zhu Bailu in the Ming Dynasty "a porridge and a meal, when thinking is not easy; Lin Zexu in the Qing Dynasty said: "Children and grandchildren, like me, keep their money for what they do, and if they are virtuous and have more money, they will lose their ambition;" The concept that children and grandchildren are not as good as me, how to deal with money, how to make money if you are stupid, and how to benefit from it is still regarded as a model of family education by many families. Good family style is passed down from generation to generation, and the "Chinese style" family style such as courtesy, filial piety, loyalty, honesty and diligence has a far-reaching impact on shaping and cultivating people. Family style teaches children excellent qualities and transmits spiritual strength to future generations. This family style is better than rich family wealth and lasts for a long time in Mika. Looking back, looking back at some human tragedies and looking back at some misguided cases, apart from the self-indulgence and lack of self-discipline of the parties, the negligence of family education and the haze of family style are always to blame.
Family is the cell of society. Father, mother, son and daughter in the family may play the roles of cadres, workers, doctors and teachers. We can't say that family style will make the world style 100% better, but if everyone has a good family style, the world will never be worse. Family style is like butterflies in the Amazon rainforest. If it fanned the flames, it would cause a hurricane of study style, medical style, political style, social style and even national style. The famous writer Chen very much agrees with his father's teaching: "The door style is positive, and the village style is positive; If the village style is right, the people's hearts will be right. "So, starting from cultivating and inheriting a good family style and cultivating an honest, upright, kind, diligent and generous teenager, there will be one more qualified good worker, good farmer, good soldier, good boss and good doctor in society, and a standardized and reasonable order will be established in various industries and fields ... Then, the whole country and the whole world will get better and better.
4. Read the following materials and write a short essay of not less than 800 words as required. What is "family style"?
On New Year's Day, CCTV's "News Network" entered the grassroots level and launched a special program for the Spring Festival: "What is the family style?" In the face of CCTV reporters' questions, the respondents' answers can be described as "varied"-filial piety and kindness; Can't fool people, can't do bad things; Not old and not pitted; You can't lie ... some sound generous, some sound harsh, and some sound a little "confused"-can the "low-level requirement" of not telling lies and not coming home late be regarded as "family style"?
What exactly is "family style"? Is there a standard answer? Yan Aimin, a professor at the School of History of Nankai University, has been engaged in the study of ancient social history and family history of China for many years and has written a monograph on family education. A few days ago, Professor Yan Aimin interpreted "family style" from a historical perspective.
"Family style" belonged only to the nobility at the earliest.
Historically, family style is a special family style that only belonged to nobles in ancient times. Professor Yan Aimin said that before the Qin and Han Dynasties, the aristocratic class was basically a martial man, and there was no so-called "family style" at that time. "Most of the martial arts people became aristocrats because of their military exploits, and with the change of dynasties, this seal is difficult to pass down from generation to generation, so there is a saying that' three generations are rich'."
After the Han dynasty, the literati class began to be valued, and some people began to become gentry class with cultural accomplishment rather than military exploits. "At that time, books were not affordable for ordinary people, but were basically the rights of nobles. But different from the meritorious military service, the cultural accomplishment of the gentry can be passed down, and each family has its own characteristics. Therefore, the original' family style' is' the unique family style of these nobles'. "
Professor Yan gave an example. Before the implementation of the imperial examination system, whether a person can be an official was recommended by the local authorities, mainly from two aspects: one is whether there are several generations of officials in the family, and the other is how the family style is. We often say "filial piety", "filial piety" and "honesty" are family styles to a certain extent.
It can only be called "family style" if it is passed down from generation to generation.
Professor Yan said that since the Tang and Song Dynasties, with the rise of the imperial examination system, the hereditary aristocracy gradually declined, the culture moved down, and the subaltern society was formed. At this time, the common family style of ordinary people's families is "farming and reading". Farming can plant crops, grow grain, support the family and make a living. Through reading, you can learn poetry books, achieve both propriety and righteousness, cultivate self-cultivation, and thus establish noble morality. Therefore, "farming and reading" is not only learning to be a man, but also learning to make a living. The ancients believed that only in this way can families prosper and last long. Having said that, it is necessary to mention the difference between "family style" and "family rules" and "family education". It is very important that it can be passed down from generation to generation.
Confucius' family style is a "heirloom of poetry and rites", and future generations will be reprimanded for not reading the Book of Songs. Shi Fen, a minister of the Western Han Dynasty, is famous for his "courtesy". Although he holds a high position, he always shows respect and courtesy. Shi Fen's son entered the village and didn't get off. Shi Fen felt that his son was disrespectful, impolite, angry and refused to eat. The son was frightened and blamed himself. He apologized to the villagers, then got off the bus and walked into the village even though there was still some distance from the entrance. Sima Guang, a famous historian, advocated frugality, and repeatedly mentioned frugality as the foundation in his letter to his son. Bao Zheng's selfless family style is "forbidding greed". He wrote in his family training that children and grandchildren should not have greed, otherwise they can't enter the genealogy when they are alive, and they can't enter the ancestral grave after they die ... Professor Yan said that from historical examples, it can be seen that family style needs to come down in one continuous line and be strictly supervised and implemented.
Various forms of "family style" give birth to "folk customs"
Zeng Guofan's family letters are widely circulated, including some norms of family moral cultivation. Professor Yan told reporters that there are various forms of family style, some are only a few words, some are reflected in letters like Zeng Guofan, and more are generally recorded in genealogy. Yan Aimin said that families with genealogy can find their own family instructions in the genealogy, but most of them don't read them. "So there are really not many families that can inherit the same family style from ancient times to the present."
Professor Yan said that family style refers more to the code of conduct for dealing with people. Family culture divided by occupation, such as "scholarly family" and "general family", is not strictly family style, but can only be said to be an extension of the influence of family style on this family.
The so-called "granary knows etiquette", the ancients said that you have to eat your stomach before you can understand etiquette. In Professor Yan's view, this family style discussion is to make people pay attention to the prosperity of spiritual life on the basis of the general prosperity of material life. "Family style is how to establish a correct way to manage the family from the perspective of the family and make the family last for a long time. Society is made up of families, and a good family style can promote the progress and improvement of the whole social atmosphere. "
Test analysis: This is a material composition, which is composed of many materials. The same feature of the materials is to explain the characteristics of family style: "handed down from generation to generation", and then list the family styles of different celebrities. The common characteristics of these family styles are: self-cultivation and high moral character. From this, we can imagine that family style is the inheritance of self-cultivation spirit and national spirit. When writing, we can explain the connotation of family style, analyze the function of family style, and write how to inherit the cultural heritage of our nation.