From Sanhuaan Ci, written by Huang Sheng, Song Dynasty
Magnolia Slow, written by Dai Fuxu, Song Dynasty
The orioles can't stop singing, and the Yan language is difficult to understand. This little bit of love has been going on for ten years, irritating the east wind. Where is the old friend when I come back, but I go to the east of the small bridge over the flowing water. I remember that I painted the wall with the same title, but now the wall is broken and there is no trace.
The orchid sky is filled with green. Watery eyes and red flowers. Thinking of the tattered spring shirt, I was saying goodbye at that time, tailoring under the lamp. The longing for lovesickness makes oneself suffer, and one sighs that the clouds and smoke passing by are always empty. The setting sun is boundless in the Chu sky, and I watch my return home in the distance.
Translation:
Even if the oriole cries, it won’t be able to finish it; if the twittering swallow talks about it, it won’t be able to explain it clearly. This loneliness and sorrow have been lingering in my heart for ten years, and this sorrow has disturbed the spring breeze. Returning to the old place, my wife can no longer be seen. But the willows to the east of the small building are still the same. I once remembered that you and I wrote poems on the pink wall together, but now the wall is in ruins and the poems are gone without a trace.
In the swamp covered with bluegrass, a new patch of green has emerged, and the fallen red flowers are writhing with regret. Looking at the shabby spring shirt on my body, I clearly remember that you cut it overnight under the lamp when you were saying goodbye. What tortures me is the endless pain of longing. All things considered, the past is like clouds and smoke. Everything that passes before my eyes always becomes empty. Looking up at the boundless Chutian in the dusk, I could only lean on the railing and watch Feihong go away.
Writing background: Dai Fushi was born in a poor scholar's family. His father, Dai Dong, loved poetry all his life and considered it the greatest pleasure in life. Seeing that he was in poverty, his friends persuaded him to give up writing poetry and take the examination for an official position, but he refused. When he died, Dai Fu was still in his infancy. Dai Dong said to his relatives and friends: "No one can escape death. I have no regrets about death; my only regret is that I did not have time to train this child to become a poet." When Dai Dong grew up, he also loved poetry, and later learned from relatives and friends. I was deeply moved when I learned about my father's last wish. So he decided to inherit his father's ambition and concentrate on studying poetry. He made friends with poets extensively, exchanged ideas with each other, and once studied poetry under the great poet Lu You. As a result, he made rapid progress and became famous for his poems.
According to Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty, "Nancun Stops Farming" records: Dai Fuxu once lived in Wuning, Jiangyou in his early years. There was a wealthy old man there who loved Dai Fuxu's poems very much. Because he admired his talent, he betrothed his daughter to him. he. After two or three years, Dai Fuxu suddenly asked to leave. His wife asked him why he was leaving. Dai Fuxu was forced to question him, but he could only tell the truth, saying that he had a wife at home and was going back to his hometown to visit her. After hearing this, his wife told her father. His father was furious and wanted to ask Dai Xiu for questioning, but she politely dissuaded him. When Dai Fuxu left, she also gave him all her gold and silver jewelry and savings to finance the journey. Before leaving, she also composed a poem "Wish Yingtai is near" as a gift. After Dai Fuxu left, she drowned herself.
Whether this record is based on facts or not, future generations have no way of verifying it. But the record is indeed consistent with the content of "Zhu Yingtai Jin". As for the woman who wrote this poem, she did not even leave her name. It is only known that she was from Wuning, Jiangxi Province, and people can only call her Dai Fugu's wife.
Ten years later, Dai returned to his old place and came to the home of his deceased wife in Wuning, Jiangxi. At this time, the buildings were empty and the buildings were in ruins. He still clearly remembered that he and his wife wrote poems on the white wall together. Now that the wall is damaged, the poems written on it have disappeared. The marriage between him and his wife was based on his "poetry talent", and the elegant things of reciting poems and composing poems were naturally indispensable in his married life. Therefore, when he saw the broken wall, he remembered the happy moments when he wrote poems on the wall. But now, people and things have died. The pink wall of the past has become a ruin. The poems on the pink wall have also peeled off and disappeared without a trace. He couldn't help but feel heartbroken and wrote the song "Magnolia Slowness" to express his grief and condolences.
Appreciation:
Dai Fuhu's "Magnolia Slowness" has a similar background to his wife's "Zhu Yingtai is Near", and it should be the same marriage tragedy. The fourth volume of "Nancun Stopping Farming" written by Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty states: "Mr. Dai Shiping lived in Wuning on the right side of the Yangtze River when he was in ancient times. A wealthy man loved his talent and took his daughter as his wife. After living there for two or three years, he suddenly wanted to return home. His wife asked Therefore, he told his father that his wife was white, and the wife gave her husband a funeral gift. "That's it!" (Summary of the General Catalog of Siku Quanshu) Volume 199 points out: "The nostalgic poem in "Mulan Huaman" has the words "I don't see my old friend again" in the front line, which is similar to the poem "Jianyou Women", "If you come back again, you won't be the same." "Forget the place", the meaning of the sentence is like a reciprocal answer, and the question is that it was written for his wife, but it cannot be tested. "The sentence "But still, Yangliu Xiaoloudong" in "Mulan Huaman" is also consistent with the "Tao" in "Zhu Yingtai is near". The willows and willows beside her are woven together with thousands of threads." The realm is very similar, so this poem is likely to be a true mourning work. Moreover, Dai's poem contains the word "ten years", which is consistent with his wife's poem. The phrase "Magnolia Slowness" is actually written by Hui Xiu, who returned to his old place after parting with his wife for ten years. The so-called "nostalgia" is actually mourning.
"The orioles can't stop singing, and the words of the swallows are difficult to understand." The writing is full of sadness. It’s spring again, and the orioles are singing and the swallows are singing everywhere. Facing the wonderful spring, the poet is full of sadness. Even if the warblers and swallows keep singing, they may not be able to tell them all. What's more, humans and birds cannot understand each other's language. How can they understand the sad embrace of the poet? "This little bit of idle sorrow, which persists for ten years, annoys the spring breeze." The pain that persists for ten years is just a little bit of idle sorrow. It seems simple but the pain is more profound. Annoying chaos means stirring up chaos, a colloquial saying in the Song Dynasty.
For the past ten years, every spring, this mood has been particularly agitated by the spring breeze. The sentiment of the poem points to that spring ten years ago. At that time, the wife's farewell words included the sentence "I will return to you later if I come back again", so I wrote below "I will not see you again, but I will still be in the east of Yangliu Xiaolou". Ten years later, on this day, the poet finally returned to his old place. On the east side of the small building, the willows clinging to each other, just like the scene of "the willows clinging to the roadside, inextricably linked" that day. However, things have changed and people have changed, and the old friends are no longer visible. That’s it. "I remember the same title was painted on the wall, but now the wall is broken and there is no trace."
I still remember that that day, the couple both painted the wall and wrote poems. But now, only the broken wall is left, and the poem inscribed is gone. Without a trace. This sentence creates a deep emotion about the impermanence of the world through the contrast between the past and the present, that is, the sharp contrast between the romantic and fairy-like life of the couple back then and the infinite sadness of one person returning to his old place while the other has long since lost his favor. The word "wall broken" shows the infinite sorrow of the characters' differences. Lu You, the retro master, also has a similar hate. Lu You and Tang Wan were in love with each other, but they had no choice but to get along with their mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, so the two were forced to separate. Lu You revisited Shen Garden in his later years. There is a line about "the bones of jade have long become the earth under the spring, and the ink marks are like dust on the walls." You can take a break from this poem. read.
"Langao is newly green and melting. The flowers are red when they fall." Lan Gao said in "Li Sao" "Step Yu Ma Xi Lan Gao", which refers to the inlet where fragrant grass grows. The newly rising spring water in front of me, the rippling green waves, and the endless redness of fallen flowers cannot take away the old hatred and new sorrow that surged in the poet's chest. Change the head to blend in with the scenery, the scenes blend together, which is particularly subtle. "Remembering the tattered spring shirt, I was saying goodbye at that time, tailoring under the lamp." Dai Fuxu and Wu Ning's wife were bigamous. There may be some twists and turns in the matter. It can be roughly known from "The father is angry, and the wife's explanation is Wanqu" recorded in "The Record of Dropping Farming" . From the detail that the wife sewed spring clothes for her husband all night under the lamp on the eve of departure, we can also see that she forgives her husband and she still loves her husband. I had originally made up my mind to say goodbye forever after wearing the old clothes and returning home, but when we parted, I still endured the blood and tears of farewell and sewed all my love into the clothes. By this time, the spring clothes were worn out. But the old things are still fresh in the memory, and the poet's gratitude and guilt for his wife can be seen. However, bigamy cannot be tolerated after all.
The path she chose was to die. "Lovesickness is self-suffering, and counting the clouds and smoke will always be empty." It's rambling, and it's futile. Once the wife dies, life and heaven are separated forever. Lovesickness is just self-suffering in vain. Self-suffering is actually guilt.
Thinking of those two or three years of happy life, it seems like a fleeting cloud of smoke, all in vain. But "there is no end to it, and this hatred lasts forever." "The setting sun is boundless in the Chu sky, and I send off the flying dragon by the column." The poet leans on the railing and looks into the distance. The vastness of the setting sun and the boundless Chu sky are so different from the desolation and loneliness in his mood. The flying giants in the sky are far away, so why is the sorrow so overwhelming? The concluding sentence is slightly similar in meaning to "Nineteen Ancient Poems." "There is a tall building in the northwest": "I would like to be a pair of swans, soaring my wings and flying high." The original poem also goes: "There is a string singing, how sad the sound is, who can sing this song, no one is Qiliang's wife." Qiliang's wife. , the ancient martyr woman. If the conclusion is taken from this, the meaning of mourning is profound.
This word uses a gentle and graceful pen to describe the thoughts of sadness, which can be called a masterpiece. Kuang Zhouyi commented on Shiping Ci in the first volume of the sequel to "Huifeng Ci Hua": "Shiping Ci often contains bold and unrestrained language," and the beauty is its true nature. This sentimental eulogy embodies the melodious nature of retro poetry.