Burns was born in a poor peasant family and made a living by renting land for farming. When I was young, I went to primary school near my hometown in Scotland. Shortly after the headmaster left, my father invited the teacher to teach at home. The teacher thinks that the Burns brothers are no worse than their old classmates. Father teaches them grammar and theology in the evening. /kloc-At the age of 0/2, the Burns brothers took turns to go to school in a village four miles away from home. 14 years old, began to learn French after learning English.
/kloc-at the age of 0/5, Burns became the main labor force around his father, driving horses to farm in mounds and depressions. Labor is extremely hard. Although the land has been changed several times, the harvest is still not good because of the barren land. In his spare time, Burns loves to read Scottish poets Shenstone (17 14- 1793), Pope (1688- 1744) and Ferguson (1750-6744). He hopes to be a poet in Ayrshire, Scotland, and sing about the mountains and rivers in his hometown.
His father died in 1784, and his family moved to Mosgil, and the agricultural harvest did not improve. Fortunately, his poems, mainly written in Scottish dialect, were published and immediately succeeded, and publishers in Edinburgh quickly reprinted them. Mackenzie, who edited the literary magazine, praised The Farmer as a poetic genius in his comments.
So in Edinburgh, Burns wore a dark coat, a shallow vest, a ruffled shirt, moccasins or boots, and lived a double life of going in and out of literary gatherings and pubs.
After living in Edinburgh for a while and traveling in Scotland for a while, Burns returned to his hometown to farm. 1788, admitted to the tax bureau staff. Besides working in the farmland, he rides 200 miles to work every week. When enforcing the law, he spared the big fish, but went easy on the poor. He gave up farm work in 179 1 and moved to dumfries, where he spent his old age.
Burns wrote a lot of lyric poems, satirical poems and narrative poems. He also likes songs, has a keen ear for music, and has a good response to rhythm. He devoted his energy in the last ten years to the collation and collection of two series of folk songs, which preserved more than 300 endangered folk songs.
1796 suffered from rheumatoid arthritis and heart disease, and died young on July 2 1 of the same year. As many as twenty thousand people attended the funeral.
The cottage where Burns was born and spent seven years as a child is located in Aloway, Ayrshire, and is now managed by the Burns Memorial Trust. The museum has a red tile roof connected to the hut, and there is a promenade and garden in front. The board of directors expanded it at 1920. 1994, the city Council re-paved the straw roof, and built a vegetable garden and stone embankment in 18 century. This is now the world-famous Burns Cabin.
The statue of Burns is located in the center of Ayre. Take a bus to Auld Brig O'Doon near the city center and get off at the end of the old bridge. You will see thatched white bungalows and dark brown wooden doors and windows. The black plaque above the door reads "Burns House", followed by "robert burns-Ayrshire Poet" and his date of birth and death. After entering the door, first the cowshed, then the cowshed and the stable. There was a faint cry of livestock, and several hens were pecking at the grain next to the wax cow. The living room was decorated with wax figures to decorate the harmonious scene of the family at that time. My father read the Bible by candlelight, my mother sat opposite my sister, my brother sat on one side, and Burns stood barefoot and listened attentively. A little sister is lying in the cradle. The blackened stove in the kitchen is still burning, and the bed where Burns was born is in the kitchen. The layout is the same as that of that year. When I was young, my mother taught the children to sing Scottish folk songs here, and my aunt introduced them to many stories and songs about ghosts and gods. "Burns Cabin" is a holy place for people who worship Burns, but it is also a portrayal of the home life of poor farmers in those days.
Burns has lived in the countryside for a long time and engaged in heavy farm work. The exploitation of the landlord, coupled with poor land, poor harvest, heavy debts and relocation ... made him often live a life without food and clothing. But he loves life and has deep feelings for the working people. In the poem "Two Dogs", through the dialogue between two dogs belonging to rich and poor families, it depicts the arrogance and extravagance of the landlord family. Although poor tenants work hard, they are happy together. The dogs of these two families can live in harmony, which is a sharp contrast to the unfair life of human beings.
The poet also understands farmers' deep feelings for animals. In his poem "New Year's morning, the old farmer to the old horse Maggie", after reviewing the hard work of the old horse all his life, he wrote: "I will tie your reins to the wheat field on the left, where you can have a full meal without much effort."
The Burns Museum, which is connected with Burns' cabin, has a collection of precious manuscripts. His works include early editions and related portraits. Some collections come from America, Canada and even South Africa.
The big exhibition hall introduced his life's work, writing and life. He vividly described his experience that year in the form of pictures, poems, letters or diaries. His pocket watch, notepad, ink bottle, snuff bottle, two pistols with "R.B." engraved on their handles, and a long stick used as a tax collector to measure wine are also on display here. There are also 1786 poems mainly written in Scottish dialect. The author naturally remembers to look for the manuscript of Auld Lang Syne, which originally came from a letter written by Burns to a friend in 1788.
Several famous oil paintings were exhibited in the second room. "Mutton Banquet" depicts the scene where Mr. and Mrs. Burns entertain guests. Burns likes this lively scene. Another group of four prints depicts his work Tam o'Shanter, which is a long poem based on folklore and tells the story of Tom meeting a ghost on his way home late at night. He removed the superstitious elements in the legend and talked about magic in the form of comedy, which was meaningful. At the same time, he linked the legends he heard as a child with the landmarks, old churches, ancient stone bridges and stone graves he was familiar with in his hometown of Harlow, which gave him a sense of vicissitudes and mystery.
Walk a mile from here to the old Duane River Bridge. The Burns Monument is located on a nearby hill. This Greek-style building was designed by a famous Edinburgh architect and completed in 1823, costing 3,247 pounds. Climbing this desktop monument, you can see the beautiful scenery of Duane River and Carrick Mountain. There is an exhibition room at the bottom of the monument, which displays Burns' works in the foreign language 15. In the nearby garden, there is also a statue room with three life-size statues of the characters in The Story of Tom Osante.
On my way home, I met a big department store at the Old Bridge Palace bus station on the Old Duane River, where all kinds of goods were named after Burns. If the time is right (the bus back to Al runs every hour), you can also watch a documentary about Burns.
Burns museums, statues or monuments have also been built in Kiel, Ma Nuoke and dumfries where he lived, and there are also statues of him in Owen. Even in Canada and Australia, there are monuments to him. The "Three Writers Museum" in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, introduces the life stories of Burns, Scott (1771-kloc-0/832) and Robert L. Stevenson (1850- 1894), which is also very worthwhile.
In his hometown of Scotland, there are thousands of Burns clubs, and his birthday is celebrated every year in all parts of Scotland.
Such a poet who is deeply loved by people in his hometown is rare in the world. Because he lived in the countryside for a long time and wrote poems about his hometown and simple people, he also loved Scotland very much and enthusiastically praised democracy and freedom.
In Burns' youth, the American Revolution and the French Revolution broke out one after another. He cares about world politics and the fate of Scotland. His Ode to the Birthday of General Washington praised the American people's struggle for independence. Under the influence of the French Revolution, he wrote two famous long poems, The Tree of Freedom and The Scot. The tree of freedom shows that with the tree of freedom in France, human beings will become equal and the world will enjoy peace. The Scotsman reviews history and inspires people by praising the deeds of Wallace, an early national hero.
Who wants to be king and law of Scotland,
Struggling to pull out the sword of freedom?
Live as a free man and die as a free soul,
Let him go with me!
Burns is a poet of the people and a fighter of freedom. This bright star will always shine over Scotland and in the hearts of people who love peace and friendship.