Lu you
Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, exhausted, and has to withstand the wind and rain.
Plum blossoms don't want to compete for blooming, and the envy and rejection of flowers don't care. Even after autumn, when it is ground into dirt and turned into dust, plum blossoms still emit fragrance as usual.
Translation 1:
The wind and rain sent away the spring,
Snow brings spring again.
It is the time when the cliffs are covered with icicles.
But there are still beautiful flowers competing.
Beautiful but not deprived of the beauty of spring,
Just covering the spring news.
When mountains and flowers bloom all over the earth,
Plum blossoms are laughing among the flowers.
Translation 2:
Outside the station, near the broken bridge, flowers bloom alone, but no one cares. Every day when the sun goes down, there will always be lonely worries in my heart, especially when it is windy and rainy.
I don't want to try my best to fight for love, but I let the flowers envy me. Dead branches and leaves turn into mud and grind into dust, but only fragrance remains.
Precautions:
(1) Post Station (Yi Qusheng): a traffic post station on the ancient road. This sentence is about a secluded place where no one goes in and out.
(2) Loneliness: cold and cheerless. No owner: no one asked.
(3) Zhuo Yang Pingsheng: Supplement.
(4) This line says: I don't want to go to great lengths to compete for beauty, so let the flowers be jealous.
(5) Crushing (year): Crushing. Dust: To turn into dust.
(6) unchanged fragrance: unchanged fragrance.
Enjoy 1:
This word is a metaphor for people, who write about Mei's situation and experience: loneliness and no owner, plus wind and rain! Next, I wrote Mei's integrity: I have no intention of striving for spring, even if it is scattered into mud, I still have that fragrance! From the fate and character of plum blossom, we can not only see the figure of the poet's bumpy life, but also read the poet's pure spiritual world like plum blossom.
Appreciation 2:
Plum blossom is the eternal theme of ancient literati in China for thousands of years. Lin Hejing, a great hermit in Song Dynasty, loved plum blossoms and kept singing plum blossom poems. With the feeling of "wife plum crane" in plum blossom, he can be said to be a scholar who loves plum blossom most. Chairman Mao's Yongmei Ci is based on Lu You, which is quite different from Lu You's Ci. Lu You's lonely and noble description of plum blossoms attracted the envy and jealousy of flowers. Chairman's poem, however, describes the beauty, positivity and loyalty of plum blossom, smiling without worry, but with the integrity and lofty sentiments of revolutionaries in the new era. There are countless poems written by China about Mei, and the great artistic conception is similar to the great one. Chairman Mao made an extraordinary move with the demeanor of a great poet. A poem by Yongmei swept away the sadness, depression and seclusion of literati in the past, creating a new landscape and atmosphere, which is amazing and convincing.
Year after year, wind and rain bring spring back, but heavy snow welcomes spring back. Even though there are hundreds of ice ridges on the cliffs of the county seat, in the face of such a grand and cold winter scene, plum blossoms are still outstanding and proudly tall and straight. Poets, of course, also follow the old adage, expressing their aspirations with poems and sending their aspirations through Mei. In this grim juncture of "the sky is crisp and the cold current is urgent" (that is, there were three years of natural disasters in China at that time, and the struggle against imperialism and revisionism was fierce), poets encouraged themselves and comforted others with plum blossoms in full bloom in the dead of winter, and should learn from them. In such a steep situation, they bravely met the challenge and showed their handsomeness. The poet uses the word "Qiao" very well, and the plum blossom image that has never appeared here appears on this word. This is the image of a happy person, a confident person and a winner Of course, this is not only the plum blossom image in the poet's eyes, but also the image of the poet himself and the producer of China. How many layers of profound meaning does this "Qiao" contain? It is aggressive and never gives in.
Next, the poet deeply guided the plum blossom image. Although it is beautiful, it does not deprive us of the beauty of spring. It is just the messenger of spring, bringing us the information of spring. However, when the cold winter passed and spring was everywhere, Meihua was alone, living in seclusion among the flowers, giving a happy laugh. Plum blossoms, in the eyes of poets, are soldiers. It fights with the cold only to win the spring, announce the coming of spring, and then retreat, not to seize the beautiful scenery of spring. This image is selfless and silently dedicated. Here, the poet greatly deepened the image of plum blossom. It became the image of an international proletarian fighter, and changed from a revolutionary in China to a revolutionary in the world. In New China, the image of plum blossom was shaped by poets to be more plump and tall.
Appreciation 3:
This word takes plum blossom as the theme, and uses Yongmei's bitterness to vent his anguish and lament the ups and downs of life; The spirit of praise also expresses the belief of youth without regrets and his self-commitment to patriotism and noble personality.
The first half of this poem focuses on Mei's lonely and miserable situation. "Broken bridge outside the post" is a double-decker desolate place. "Post" is a post station where people who send official documents and deliver letters and horses rest in ancient times, and it is a place where floating officials and public officials stay for a short time. Therefore, the plum outside the post is the wild plum without owner. No one takes care of him and cares about him. His life and death depend entirely on himself. The "broken bridge" has lost its function of communicating between the two sides. Only broken wood and stones are inaccessible. For these reasons, it can only be "lonely and unloved". "No owner" means nobody cares, and plum blossoms are not appreciated. They can't get close to others, so they can only enjoy themselves and complete their lives by themselves. "Alone is dusk" is a personification technique, which describes the mental state of plum blossom. Although no one cultivated or cared for the wild plum blossom, it finally grew and blossomed with tenacious vitality. The blade is sharpened, and the plum blossom fragrance is bitter and cold! Wild plum's extraordinary experience makes it have an extraordinary temperament. Fan Chengda's "Introduction to Merlot" said: "Those who are not grafted in the wild are called wild plums, and the fragrance of ... is the clearest." However, due to the terrain, wild plum has experienced hardships and has a unique fragrance, but no one can meet it and appreciate its charm. Just like "seclusion", why does wild plum worry alone at dusk? Because during the day, it still has a little illusion of being discovered, and at dusk, these tiny illusions are completely shattered; This is just as my predecessor always said in his heart: the hardest pastime is dusk! Not only that, dusk is also the time when yin and yang alternate, the temperature turns cold and it is easy to wind and rain, so; In addition to mental pain, there is also physical torture. "The wind and rain are bigger." This situation of internal and external troubles, physical and mental damage, pushed the misfortune of plum blossom to the extreme, and the experience of wild plum is also a portrayal of the author's past life, devoted to the poet's hard work!
The second half is about the soul and outlook on life and death of plum blossom. Plum blossoms were born in the world, and they didn't want to show off their beauty, and they didn't want to be kitsch to attract butterflies, so they hid far away in time, neither competing with flowers for spring scenery, nor sharing Qiu Guang with chrysanthemums, but opening alone in the snow and ice. But we still can't get rid of the envy of flowers, which may be considered as "conceited", "ulterior motives" and even "making a fool of ourselves" Just like plum blossom "has no intention of striving for spring", it ignores all insults and misunderstandings of other things, but is "the envy of the whole people", let nature take its own path and let others say it! At the same time, no matter what the public opinion is, I will change with the same, just seeking the sublimation and purity of my soul. Even if the flowers fall, turn into dust and roll into dust, my character will remain in the world forever like my fragrance. Isn't this spirit the poet's personality declaration of looking back on the past without regret and going forward bravely? The "Fang Qun" here refers to the villain of the "peace faction". This is the social reality. In a corrupt regime, it is much more difficult to be an upright person than a corrupt official. In this situation, people with lofty ideals have to pay a heavy price and shoulder the gate of the times and the cross of history. Lu You was repeatedly deposed because of the theory of "Yue Fu", but he didn't realize his ideal until his death, but he left a tragic poem, "Julian Waghann went to the North to celebrate the Central Plains, and he never forgot to tell me about his family sacrifice." He has no intention of fame and fortune, but he has never lost the idea of "defending the country and defending the country". His patriotic feelings and lofty morality, like plum blossoms, composed a song of justice of the times.
Lu You's national spirit makes this word have a permanent charm!
The author introduces:
Lu You was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Word service concept,no. released. Yinshan was born in Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Grandfather Lu Dian, when Hui Zong was an official, was a senior official, but was later prevented from knowing the state. Father Liu Zai, the official court asked the doctor to go straight to the secret cabinet. Lu You was born in an official family, with a poor family and hard work. He was born and raised in the Song Dynasty, when he was corrupted and repeatedly invaded by the Jin State (Jurchen nationality). In the second year of Lu You's birth, Jin Bing captured Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan). He fled south with his father, Liu Zai, and went through hardships in Ten Days Without Cooking. In the evening, he heard about the nomads from Ma Si, fled to Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province), and then fled to his hometown of Yin Shan. Lu You's childhood life experience and passionate anti-enemy atmosphere left an unforgettable impression on people, and he was deeply educated in patriotism. He later recalled: "At the beginning of Shaoxing, a young man became a child and saw the scholar-officials talking about state affairs at that time, gnashing their teeth or crying. Everyone wants to commit suicide and put on royal clothes. Although he is ugly, he regards it as contempt. " (Postscript of Fu)
Lu you studied tirelessly since he was a child, claiming that "when he was born to learn English, he was addicted to books and his eyes were dying." In his youth, he learned a lot from Jiangxi poets, but he was not bound by them, and he was nourished by the poems of former great poets such as Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, Li Bai, Du Fu and Cen Can.
Although the feudal family gave Lu You a good cultural influence, especially patriotic education, it also brought him the misfortune of marriage. At the age of 20, he married down, and the couple were very loving, but his mother didn't like down and forced them to separate. After the divorce, Lu You was very sad. He once wrote the word "Chai Feng" in an accidental meeting after 10 years to show his affection. Since then, he has written many commemorative poems, and even wrote the famous love poem Shen Yuan in his later years.
At the age of 29, Lu You went to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, to try to lock the club, ranking first. However, because he lived before the grandson of the capitulator Qin Gui, and because he didn't forget the national humiliation, he was jealous of Qin Gui, so he was removed from the list at the second interview. After Qin Gui's death, Xiaozong acceded to the throne. At first, he was quite anti-gold. The hawk was taken seriously and Lu Youfang was put into use. He actively put forward many military strategies and political measures to resist the enemy and save the country to the court. However, due to Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition, his generals disagreed, the capitulators were restrained, and the Anti-Japanese War was finally frustrated. Song court immediately wavered and embarked on the old road of surrender and peace; Lu You was also accused of "testifying, clamoring for right and wrong, and urging Zhang Jun to fight", and was ousted and returned to his hometown.
Lu You lived in his hometown Yinshan Jinghu Lake for 4 years and applied for jobs many times. Finally, he was sentenced to be a junior official in Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan) for five years (1 169), at the age of 45. Forced to make a living, he had to go to Sichuan to take office in the second year. Because of his humble position, he lived in seclusion in the mountain city and felt that he had nothing to do, but after the expiration of his term of office, he had to write again and beg for "donating officials to save my life." In the eighth year of Dalu (1 172), Wang Yan, the main battle general of Fu Xuan, Sichuan, hired him as an official and extended him to assist in military affairs. This greatly changed Lu You's life. He put on his military uniform and galloped around Nanzheng (now Hanzhong), the front line of national defense at that time. The autumn wind and heroic military life made Lu You open his arms, and he wrote many passionate patriotic poems. "Flying frost sweeps away the cold, and one inch of Dan Xin only serves the country" can be regarded as a portrayal of his life and mood during this period. Especially when he saw that the terrain in Sichuan and Shaanxi was dangerous and the people were heroic, he felt that he could take Guanzhong as the basis in order to counterattack and recover lost ground. So he gave Wang an enterprising strategy and put forward some strategies for training troops and accumulating millet in the Central Plains. He is full of confidence in victory, and thinks that "Julian Waghann will enter Qin in January, and it will spread to northern Henan". However, Lu You's heart of serving the country cannot be realized. The corrupt Song court only wanted peace, but had no intention of making progress, which led the soldiers to idle the front line, "serving the country and dying without a battlefield." Soon, the Song court recalled Wang Yan and immediately dismissed him, and Lu You was also appointed as the Senate of the appeasement department of Chengdu Prefecture. He had to hold the resentful mood of "not seeing Julian Waghann go through customs" and "sighing like rain", and watched the hope of recovering the Central Plains dashed. Since then, Lu You has acted as an agent in Zhou Shu, History, Yeongju and other places, calling himself a "monk in the forest", and his ambition to resist Japan and save the country has never ceased.
In the second year (1 175), Lu you was invited to be a senator from central Sichuan, Fan Chengda Town. Lu Yu, who is known for his friendship of poetry and prose, is not too rigid in official etiquette and even ridiculed by his colleagues. Because Lu You's ambition to save the country and his personal fame and fortune have not been continued for a long time, he often takes pride in "taking off his towel and drinking, leaning on a pole to see the mountain", and even seeks spiritual recovery and anesthesia in the fog of the pipa waist-inspiring shirt, and is accused by his colleagues of "being informal and relying on wine to get rid of his worries". Therefore, Lu You simply called himself "Weng Fang" and quipped in his poem: "The name is outside the yellow paper, and time is paid in the green bottle. Who is peeling in front of the door, congratulations on my release this year. " Since then, "Weng Fang" has been living with his poem title.
Lu You has been in Sichuan and Shaanxi for 9 years, and the mountains, rivers, customs and customs of the motherland have enriched his life experience. Especially in the front line of Nanzheng, he came into contact with many border guards and "adherents" who "endured death and hoped to recover", which opened his spiritual realm and poured a lot of patriotic passion full of life into his poems. This is the most fruitful period of his creation. Lu You cherishes this creative stage very much, thinking that "the poet is ignorant and suddenly sees the past", so he named all his poems "Jian Nan Poetry Draft".
In the fifth spring of Xichun (1 178), Lu You's poems became more and more famous and were summoned by Xiaozong, but they were not really reused. Xiaozong only sent him to Fuzhou and Jiangxi for two official missions to promote Changping tea and salt. When he was working in Jiangxi, there was a flood there. He "camped on the grass" and went to the disaster area to inspect. He also "sent relief supplies to the grain depot and millet to the people in all counties", but the power was cut off and he went home on charges of "exceeding his authority".
Lu You lived at home for 6 years and was known as Yanzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang) at the age of 62. He was ordered to go to Beijing and wrote the famous Seven Laws "The Beginning of Spring Rain in Lin 'an", in which the phrase "Small buildings listen to spring rain all night, and deep alleys sell apricot flowers" won the appreciation of Xiao Zong, but Xiao Zong didn't understand Lu You's true ambition, only told him that when he arrived in Yanzhou, "he could recite poems for himself in his leisure time". Although his new job doesn't meet Lu You's ambition, he is still diligent, as the poem says: "Worrying about the people and worrying about his own shame. "When he was in office, he made every effort to" be lenient, simply pursue trifles, abstain from trifles, and save Yan You ",so he won the love of the local people and built a monument for him, and a shrine for Lu Yi, the great grandfather of Yanzhou, in memory of their grandparents and grandchildren.