"That is to say, cross the Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge and then go down to Xiangyang to Luoyang." This is a poem in "Wen Guanjun Takes Henan and Hebei" written by Du Fu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty.
The literal meaning of these two poems is: from Baxia and then through Wuxia, passing through Xiangyang and then going straight to Luoyang.
The whole poem "I heard that the army was taking over Henan and Hebei" is as follows:
Suddenly it was heard outside the sword that they were taking over Jibei. When I first heard about it, my clothes were filled with tears.
But seeing where his wife was worried, she was filled with poems and books filled with joy.
It is necessary to indulge in drinking while singing during the day. Youth is a companion for returning home.
That is, pass through Wu Gorge from Ba Gorge, then go down to Xiangyang towards Luoyang.
The literal meaning of the poem:
Suddenly, the news of Shu Jibei came from outside the sword. When I first heard about it, my clothes were filled with tears.
Looking back, I saw that my wife and children were still a little bit sad, and I rolled up a book of poems and was ecstatic.
When the sun shines, I sing loudly and drink wine. I take advantage of the bright spring light to return to my hometown with my wife and children.
From Ba Gorge to Wu Gorge, pass Xiangyang and then go straight to Luoyang.
Appreciation of the whole poem:
The first sentence starts quickly and violently, which appropriately expresses the suddenness of the victory. The poet has been wandering "Jianwai" for many years and has experienced hardships. It is impossible to return to his hometown because "Jibei" has not been captured and the Anshi Rebellion has not been settled. Now "Suddenly Chuan Jibei", the torrent of surprise suddenly opened the long-simmering emotional floodgates, making the poet's heart surge. The second sentence "first heard" closely follows "suddenly passed on", "suddenly passed on" expresses the suddenness of the good news, and "full of tears" expresses the emotions aroused by the sudden good news at the moment of "first hearing". Waves, this is a true expression of joy and sorrow, a mixture of sorrow and joy. "Jibei" has been conquered, the war is about to end, the world is devastated, and the people are suffering, all will be cured. The poet has finally survived the miserable days of being displaced and feeling sorry for others. However, after learning from the pain, the poet recalled the many hardships he had endured in the past eight years, and couldn't help but feel sad and unable to suppress it. However, this catastrophe finally passed like a nightmare, and the poet could return to his hometown, and people would start a new life, so his sadness turned into joy, and he was overjoyed. The psychological changes and complex emotions when "first hearing" the good news require a lot of pen and ink if written in prose, but the poet only used five words to describe it vividly: "the clothes are full of tears", which is enough to summarize it all.
The chin couplet is transferred to the inheritance and settles on "ecstasy", which is a higher peak of surprise. "Looking at my wife" and "managing poems and books" are two consecutive actions with a certain causal relationship. When the poet was filled with sorrow and joy, and his clothes were filled with tears, he naturally thought of his wife and children who had suffered together for many years. "Looking back" means "looking back". The action of "looking back" is very meaningful. The poet seems to want to say something to his family, but he doesn't know where to start. In fact, there is no need to say anything else. The sorrow that has enveloped the whole family for many years has disappeared. The relatives no longer have sad faces, but are smiling and beaming with joy. The joy of the relatives in turn increased the joy of the poet. The poet no longer had the intention to sit down at his desk, and rolled up the poem book casually, and everyone shared the joy of victory.
The neck couplet further describes "crazy joy". The more the poet thought about it, the more excited he became. He couldn't help but sing loudly, and even borrowed wine to express his joy. I feel even more relaxed and happy when I think that the harsh winter is over, the spring is bright, and I am returning to my hometown with my fellow victims. "White Day", some versions call it "White Head", which means that a person has reached old age. It is rare for the elderly to "sing", and it is not appropriate for them to "indulge in drinking"; now they must both "sing" and "indulge in drinking", which is a concrete manifestation of "ecstasy". "Singing" and "drinking" are both strong-sounding words, as is the word "beard". It is most appropriate to use these bright and decisive words to describe the extremely joyful and heroic mood at that time. The sentence is written as "crazy", and the couplet is written as "crazy" thinking. "Youth" refers to the scenery of spring. Spring has arrived. "Youth" with your wife and children amidst the singing of birds and the fragrance of flowers is a good time to "return to your hometown". When the poet thinks of this, he will naturally become "ecstatic".
The last couplet describes the poet's fantasy of "returning to his hometown with the company of youth". He is in Zizhou, and in a snap, his heart has returned to his hometown. The poet's surprise reaches its climax, and the whole poem ends here. This couplet contains four place names. "Baxia" and "Wuxia", "Xiangyang" and "Luoyang" are not only parallel to each other (intra-sentence pairing), but also to the front and back, forming a neat pair of place names; and they are combined with "Ji Cong" and "Bian Xia", The two sentences are closely connected, and they are concentrated in one breath, and they are also lively flowing water pairs. Coupled with the dynamics of "through" and "direction" and the repetition of two "xia" and two "yang", the style and tone are as fast as lightning, accurately expressing the poet's imagination. "Baxia", "Wuxia", "Xiangyang" and "Luoyang", these four places are all very far apart, and as soon as they are connected by "jiecong", "chuan", "jixia" and "xiang", they appear The fast-moving scenes of "from Ba Gorge to Wu Gorge, then down to Xiangyang to Luoyang" flash past the readers' eyes one after another. What needs to be pointed out here is that the poet not only displays imagination but also depicts reality. From "Ba Gorge" to "Wu Gorge", the gorge is dangerous and narrow, and the boat travels like a shuttle, so "chuan" is used; from "Wu Gorge" to "Xiangyang", one has to drive quickly along the current, so "xia" is used; from "Xiangyang" "To "Luoyang", we have changed the land route, so we use "xiang", which is highly accurate.