Wen Tianxiang would rather die than surrender
Wen Tianxiang, the national hero of the Southern Song Dynasty, was defeated and captured. He spent three years in prison and repeatedly refused the enemy's persuasion to surrender. One day, Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, personally came to persuade him to surrender and promised him the position of prime minister. He did not waver. Instead, he said categorically: "I want nothing but to die to serve the country."
Before his execution. , the supervisor came closer and said: "Prime Minister Wen, if you change your mind now, not only will you avoid death, but you can still be the prime minister." Wen Tianxiang shouted angrily: "You will die if you die, what nonsense are you talking about!"
Wen Tianxiang died magnanimously towards the south, leaving a heart-stirring "Song of Righteousness" to the world.
Chen Tianhua sent a blood letter from afar
When the revolutionary Chen Tianhua was studying in Japan, he heard the news that the Tsarist Russian army had invaded Manchuria and that the corrupt and incompetent Qing government was secretly signing a power-degrading and humiliating treaty with Tsarist Russia. He was so distraught that he immediately held an anti-Russian rally among overseas students, organized an anti-Russian volunteer army, and prepared to return to China to join the war.
After returning to the dormitory, he bit his own finger and wrote a blood letter to save the country with his bloody finger. In the blood letter, he described the misery of the subjugated country and the bitterness of being a slave to the subjugated country, inspiring his compatriots to fight... He wrote dozens of them in a row , and finally fainted due to excessive bleeding, but he kept saying salty words: "Save the country! Save the country!"
After others revived him, he insisted on loading the blood letters one by one. The envelope was sent back to China from Japan, which was thousands of miles away. Everyone who reads it is moved. Wu Yuzhang safeguards national dignity
Wu Yuzhang, an old revolutionary, traveled to Japan to study when he was young. On New Year's Day in 1904, because China was poor and weak in the late Qing Dynasty, the Japanese Empire looked down on China and deliberately did not fly the Chinese flag among the tens of thousands of national flags. In order to safeguard the dignity of the country and the nation, Wu Yuzhang stepped forward and solemnly proposed to the school authorities on behalf of the students studying in Japan: they must immediately apologize to the Chinese students and correct the mistakes, otherwise, they will hold a class strike and hunger strike in protest.
Under the strong pressure from patriotic Chinese students, the school authorities had no choice but to admit their mistake and apologize.
Yang Jingyu dedicated his life to the anti-Japanese war
National anti-Japanese hero Yang Jingyu served as the commander of the "South Manchurian Anti-Japanese Allied Forces" from 1934 until he died on the battlefield in 1940. During the six years of arduous fighting, he took the lead in fighting against the Japanese invaders in the white mountains, black waters, forests and snowy fields. Faced with the enemy's heavy encirclement and suppression, Yang Jingyu led his troops to fight tenaciously, making the enemy restless and in panic all day long. The Japanese chieftain was afraid and hated him, so he mobilized heavy troops to besiege him. Someone advised Yang Jingyu to surrender, and he said categorically: "No, I have my beliefs." Finally, with no ammunition or food left, Yang Jingyu died heroically after firing the last bullet. The enemy cruelly cut open his stomach with a bayonet. There was not a grain of rice in Yang Jingyu's stomach, but only bark, grass roots and cotton wadding.
Scientists dedicated themselves to their motherland
In 1946, a certain university in the United States hired the famous mathematician Hua Luogeng as a tenured professor with generous conditions. But he replied: "In order to choose the truth and for the sake of the country and the nation, I want to return to China!" Finally, he returned to Peiping (today's Beijing) with his wife and children. After returning to China, he not only devoted himself to theoretical research, but also traveled to 23 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across the country, using mathematics to solve a large number of practical problems in production, and was known as the "people's mathematician."
In addition, there are the famous geologist Li Siguang, biologist Tong Dizhou, nuclear physicist Qian Xuesen, high-energy physicist Zhang Wenyu, chemist Tang Aoqing... all of them are full of patriotic aspirations. , made great contributions to the country's rejuvenation.
Andersen breaks up with old friends
The famous Danish fairy tale writer Andersen and the German Augustenberg turned out to be good old friends.
In 1848, Prussia invaded Denmark. This act of aggression aroused Andersen's great anger. Four years later, he traveled to Germany. Many German friends rushed to the station to greet him. A friend said: "The Duke and Duchess of Augustenburg are waiting for you at home. I hope you will go and meet them." "I don't want to meet them. Augustenburg participated in Prussia's invasion of Denmark four years ago. How can I see this family?" Andersen said angrily. Since then, the two old friends have broken off their relationship.
“Bring my heart back to the motherland”
The famous Polish composer and pianist Chopin was already very famous when he graduated from the Conservatory of Music at the age of 19. Later he decided to study abroad. At a farewell party held by friends, they presented him with a silver vase filled with soil from his motherland. This silver vase has been with him for 19 years. In the autumn of 1849, Chopin became seriously ill and dying. Before he died, he told his sister who came from Warsaw: "The reactionary Polish government will not allow my body to be transported back to Warsaw, so just take my heart back to the motherland."
Bai Juyi was considerate of the people
p>Bai Juyi, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, sympathized with the people. When he served as an admonisher in front of the emperor, he repeatedly wrote letters asking for an end to bad governance. He also wrote a large number of satirical poems to expose the crimes of bureaucratic forces that harmed the people. He wrote poems in an effort to be understood by the people. According to legend, every time he wrote a poem, he would read it to his illiterate old mother. Only those who could understand would be taken out. When he was a local official, he would strive to do more things that were beneficial to the people wherever he went. When he was the governor of Hangzhou, he built a lake dike (now the West Lake Baidi) and used lake water to irrigate the land. In Suzhou, the construction of water conservancy projects was also loved by the people of Suzhou. When he was the governor of Chungju, he carried out many reforms that benefited the people, calling for production to be lifted from famines; he improved taxation methods, increased taxes on the wealthy, and reduced the burden on poor farmers; he tried to save expenses and reduce the expenses of the common people. He personally took the lead in planting trees and greening the barren hills. He presided over mass gatherings, sat on the ground and enjoyed themselves with the people. Some officials said: "It is inappropriate to mix 'noble' and 'low'." Bai Juyi paid no attention to such comments. Later, in order to commemorate this good official who loved the people, the people of Chungju built the "Baigong Shrine" for him. Celebrities and erudition
Wang Chong of the Eastern Han Dynasty was eager to learn since he was a child, but his family was poor and had no money to buy books. He stood up and read in the Luoyang bookstore every day, studying hard year after year, and compiled the six categories of books listed in "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", including the Six Arts, Scholars, Poetry, Book of Life, Shushu, and Fangji.* He read almost all of the more than 10,000 volumes of ** that existed at that time, and became a famous philosopher and thinker "as a result of his extensive knowledge of hundreds of schools of thought". His masterpiece "Lunheng" had a huge influence on later generations.
Cao Xueqin in the Qing Dynasty was not only a famous novelist, but also an accomplished poet. His contemporaries praised him for his "unique poetry". He is also an excellent painter, especially in painting rocks. In his famous work "A Dream of Red Mansions", the knowledge covered includes medicine, psychology, music, poetry, geography, architecture, clothing, garden art, customs, cooking, etc. This shows Cao Xueqin’s extraordinary talent and profound knowledge.
Zu Chongzhi of the Southern and Northern Dynasties was a famous mathematician. He calculated that pi was between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. For the first time in the world, he calculated the accurate value of pi to 7 digits after the decimal point. This is more than 1,000 years earlier than Europe. Therefore, some Japanese mathematicians once suggested changing the name of pi to "zu rate". He also had great research on Wangmawen calendar and machinery. He compiled the "Da Ming Calendar" and measured the number of days in the tropical year, that is, the time between the winter solstice points in two years. The result was only 50 seconds different from the measurement result of modern astronomical science. bell. He created the "water mill", the "thousand-mile ship" and the "compassing car". He is also a scholar who studies the classics and the theories of various schools of thought. He has annotated Laozi, the Book of Changes, the Analects of Confucius, the Classic of Filial Piety and other books.
Guo Moruo, a famous modern Chinese writer, poet, historian, playwright, archaeologist, ancient literature calligrapher, calligrapher and social activist. He is a famous scholar with profound knowledge and outstanding talents in the history of modern culture. In 1921, he published his first collection of poems, "The Goddess," which proposed a "literary revolution" that was of great significance in the history of modern literature. A series of Laxological treatises such as "Research on Ancient Chinese Society" and "Research on Oracle Bone Inscriptions" creatively combine the study of ancient inscriptions with ancient history, opening up a new world for historical research. "The Bronze Age" and "Ten Critiques" examine the social history of pre-Qin Dynasty and evaluate the philosophical figures of various schools, and they are full of original ideas. Guo Moruo wrote abundantly throughout his life. In addition to creating many poems, novels, scripts, and writing many historical, philosophical, and political papers, he also translated many world famous works. "Collected Works of Moruo" has 17 volumes. Guo Moruo's erudition and versatility are the result of his lifelong study and hard work.
Mao Zedong is a famous Marxist revolutionist, strategist, theorist and poet in modern history. Although he has not received higher education, he is knowledgeable and recognized by the world. Mao Zedong was fond of reading throughout his life. When I was a boy, I borrowed books from everywhere to read, and when I was young, I was a frequent visitor to the library. In the war years, when the army was ruthless, he often did not hesitate to write. After the liberation, he entered Beijing. As a major leader of the party and the country, he had many things to do, but he still continued to study. According to incomplete statistics, from 1949 to September 1966, he borrowed nearly 2,000 kinds of books and more than 5,000 volumes from major libraries in Beijing. Just two years before his death in 1974, there were nearly 600 kinds of books borrowed and 1,100 volumes. There were books everywhere in Mao Zedong's chamber, on his bed, on his desk, and in the reception room. Reading was Mao Zedong's biggest hobby in his life.