The Western Han Dynasty was the first unified and powerful empire in China. In the nearly 400-year history of the Western Han Dynasty, through a series of political and economic reforms, the national strength was strong and the people were happy, showing a scene of peace and prosperity. During this period, China has been standing in the world as a world power.
The Western Han Dynasty was one of the more powerful empires in China's history. Rulers focus on agricultural development, and have been practicing the policy of "rest and recuperation" throughout the ages. The people have plenty of food and clothing and live and work in peace and contentment, so the politics of the Han Dynasty has been relatively stable. During the Liang Wudi period, Minister Dong Zhongshu put forward the proposal of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", which was adopted by Liang Wudi. Since then, Confucianism and Confucianism have formed the general plan of governing the country that China has followed since the Han Dynasty. Due to political and economic stability, handicrafts, commerce, humanities and arts and natural sciences have all developed by leaps and bounds. With the improvement of science and technology, the production efficiency of handicraft industry dominated by metallurgy and textile in the Western Han Dynasty has been greatly improved. Take textile as an example, there were embroidery machines that were close to forming in the Western Han Dynasty, which showed that some production at that time was separated from pure manual labor and improved productivity. The development of handicraft industry has promoted the prosperity of commerce, and many commercial cities have been formed with Chang 'an as the center, and diplomatic and commercial exchanges with western Asian countries have been opened up through the Silk Road. In the field of humanities and arts in Han Dynasty, an outstanding great historian-Sima Qian appeared. He completed China's first general history "Historical Records", which was praised by later generations as "a masterpiece of historians, with no rhyme in Li Sao". In addition, the artistic level of the Han Dynasty reached a fairly high level. Judging from some cultural relics unearthed from Han tombs in recent years, their workmanship and craftsmanship are as fine as today. For example, the pottery figurines with hoes unearthed in Guanghan, Sichuan, and the wooden boat model of Han Dynasty unearthed in Guangzhou are all rare art treasures with fine craftsmanship.
Since the establishment of Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Western Han Dynasty, China once became a powerful and wealthy empire. Therefore, the Western Han Dynasty is regarded as the first revival in the history of China.
Royal genealogy of western Han dynasty
history
emperor
Emperor introduction
Historical event period
He ascended the throne in 206 BC.
/kloc-Yuan Dynasty 0/95 years ago.
Emperor gaozu (Liu bang) 8
Birth: 256 BC-death: 195 BC (in office 1 1 year)
Emperor gaozu Liu Bang was born in a peasant family. Chen Sheng opposed Qin, and Liu Bang responded by calling himself "Pei Gong". In the first 206 years, Liu Bang invaded Xianyang and later competed with Xiang Yu for the world. Four years later, I defeated Xiang Yu. The Han Dynasty was founded in the first 202 years, and it is called "Western Han Dynasty" in history. Liu Bang reigned in 12 and died in 195 at the age of 62. Battle of Gaixia, siege of Baden,
He ascended the throne in 195 BC.
/kloc-Yuan Dynasty 0/88 years ago.
Hui Di (Liu Ying)
Birth: 2 1 1 year BC-death: 188 BC (7 years in office)
Liu Ying, son of Liu Bang, mother Lv Hou (pheasant). Liu Ying is weak and Lv Hou is autocratic. He was in office for 8 years and died in 188 at the age of 24. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in 188 BC.
He ascended the throne in BC 180.
Lv Hou (Lv Zhi)
Birth: 24 BC1-Death: BC 180 (reigned for 8 years)
Lv Hou, surnamed Lu Mingxing, Liu Bang's wife. She is Liu Bangding's right-hand man in the world. After Liu Bang's death, Huidi and Lv Hou came to power. She is cruel and ambitious. After Hui Di's death, she successively elected Gong Liu and Riccas as emperors, and gained real power by herself, thus sealing the Lushi family. She died in 180 BC at the age of 62. After his death, the Lushi family was wiped out by Chen Ping and Zhou Bo.
He ascended the throne in 180 BC.
/kloc-Yuan Dynasty 0/57 years ago.
Wendy (Liu Heng) 8
Birth: 202 BC-Death: 0/57 BC (reigned for 23 years)
Liu Bang's Fourth Jpua. 202 years ago, Lv Hou died and Liu Heng acceded to the throne. After he ascended the throne, he weakened the power of governors, reduced the taxes of farmers, attached importance to production and promoted the recovery and development of social economy. Emperor Wendi was also a very thrifty emperor. He wore coarse silk himself, but his concubine clothes could not mop the floor. The only funerary object he built was pottery. He died in BC 157 at the age of 46. Ti Ying saved his father and Wen Jing's rule,
He ascended the throne in 157 BC.
14 1 years ago.
Jingdi (Liu Qi)
Birth: BC 188-death: BC 14 1 year (reign 16 years).
Jingdi, the son of Wendi. After the accession to the throne, the rebellion of the seven countries of Wu and Chu was put down, which greatly strengthened the unified centralized rule of the Han Dynasty. Jingdi continued to implement the policy of reducing corvee and sharing interest with the people. Formed the "cultural scene law" in history. Jingdi died 14 1 years ago at the age of 48. The rule of Wenjing, the rebellion of the seven countries,
He ascended the throne in 14 1 BC.
He ascended the throne in 87 BC.
Emperor Wu (Liu Che) 8
Birth: 157 BC-death: 87 BC (reigned for 54 years)
Emperor Wu, the ninth son of Emperor Jing. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty continued to strengthen centralization in politics, and successively took away a large number of kings and marquis. Long-term war with Xiongnu, with Wei Qing and Huo Qubing as generals, defeated Xiongnu repeatedly. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the most powerful period in the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu died 87 years ago at the age of 7 1. Zhang Qian's mission to the western regions, exclusive respect for Confucianism, the battle of Mobei, the death of Huo Qubing, Su Wu's shepherd, Sima Qian and historical records,
He ascended the throne in 87 BC.
In 74 BC, he ascended the throne.
Zhao Di (Liu Fuling)
Birth: 95 BC-Death: 74 BC (13 years)
The youngest son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is in Fuling. Emperor Zhao ordered many times to lighten the people's burden and properly handle the relationship with Xiongnu. Emperor Zhao died 74 years ago at the age of 2 1. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in 74 BC.
In 49 BC, he ascended the throne.
Xuan Di (Liu Bingyi)
Birth: 9 1 year BC-death: 49 BC (reigned for 25 years)
Counselor Xuan Di Liu Bingyi is the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, his grandfather Herry Liu and his father Liu Jin. Emperor Zhao had no children, but Liu Bingyi succeeded. After Xuan Di proclaimed himself emperor, the dominant position of Confucianism was further established. He ordered many times to lighten the burden on the people. History says that "filial piety, clear rewards and punishments, can be described as ZTE." He died 49 years ago at the age of 43. Xuan Di Zhongxing,
He ascended the throne in 49 BC.
In 33 years before the Yuan Dynasty, he ascended the throne.
Yuan Di (Liu Shi)
Birth: 75 BC-Death: 33 BC (16 years)
Yuan Di Liu, XuanDiZi. After the accession to the throne, the queen was sealed for more than ten marquis, which laid the curse of the exclusive rights of consorts. In Yuan Di, Wang Zhaojun was sent to Xiongnu, but in Yuan Di, the national strength of the Han Dynasty began to weaken. Yuan Di died 33 years ago at the age of 43. Zhaojun went to the fortress,
He ascended the throne in 33 BC.
Seven years ago, he ascended the throne.
Chengdi (Liu Ao)
Birth: 52 BC-Death: 7 BC (reigned for 26 years)
Emperor Liu Ao, son of Yuan Di. When he became emperor, the Han Dynasty declined, and his consorts were all autocratic. Drinking and having fun with Zhao all day. He died seven years ago at the age of 46. Zhaojun went to the fortress,
He ascended the throne seven years before the Yuan Dynasty.
/kloc-0 years ago, he ascended the throne.
Eddie (Liu Xin)
Birth: 26 BC-Death: BC 1 year (reigned for 6 years)
Liu Xin, the great-grandson of Yuan Di, is the nephew of Emperor Cheng. When mourning for the emperor, the social contradictions were sharp, but mourning for the emperor only believed in the world of ghosts and gods, favoring Toy Boy and Dong Xian, resulting in follwed autocracy. Eddie died 1 years ago at the age of 26. Sleeve-breaking addiction,
He ascended the throne in AD 0.
In 5 AD, he ascended the throne.
Pingdi (Liu Kan)
Birth: 9 BC-Death: 5 AD (reigned for 5 years)
Ping Kan, Zhongshan Little Xing Zi. He was only nine years old when he acceded to the throne. Wang Mang is in power. In 5 AD, he was poisoned by Wang Mang. He 14 years old. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in AD 6.
In 8 AD, he ascended the throne.
Ruzi (Liu Ying)
Birth: AD 5-Death: AD 25 (reigned for 2 years)
Baby boy, grandson of Xuan Di, son of Liu Xian. I was only 2 years old when I acceded to the throne. In 8 AD, Wang Mang stood on his own feet. In 25 AD, the boy was killed at the age of 2 1. Wang Mang replaced Han,
Eastern Han Dynasty
The Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25 -220) began with Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu and ended with Emperor Liu Xie. In the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, it was completely controlled by eunuchs and consorts alternately. Causing social unrest and political instability. Eventually split the country and died.
In AD 25, with the help of outlaws, Liu Xiu defeated the usurper Wang Mang by force and won the throne. Liu Xiujian's capital is Luoyang, and the year number is Jianwu, which is Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. In the second year of Jianwu, Emperor Guangwu ordered the rectification of official management and set six ministers in charge of state affairs to further weaken the authority of the three fairs (Qiu, Situ,); Check the land and gradually stabilize people's lives. By the middle of 1 century, the Eastern Han Dynasty gradually recovered the strength of the former Han Dynasty after three generations of governance, namely, Emperor Guangwu (reigned in 58-76 AD) and Zhang (reigned in 76-89 AD). This period was called "the revival of Emperor Guangwu" by later generations. However, due to the young age of the emperor, the pattern of eunuchs and consorts in the late Eastern Han Dynasty was formed.
In 220 AD, Cao Cao's second son, Cao Pi, forced Xian Di to abdicate, and the Eastern Han Dynasty was declared dead, which was followed by another long-term division in the history of China-the Three Kingdoms period. .
In the early Eastern Han Dynasty, the regime further strengthened its integration with local forces, which made the country tend to be stable and surpassed the level of the Western Han Dynasty in economy, culture, science and technology. In A.D. 105, Cai Lun reformed the manufacturing technology of paper on the basis of predecessors, which made China's writing record way out of the era of using bamboo slips. Another contribution of the Eastern Han Dynasty to later generations was the development of pottery making industry, which brought some items that were once exclusive to the rich and nobles into the homes of ordinary people.
In natural science, Zhang Heng has made scientific instruments such as "the armillary sphere" and "the seismograph" with superb technology, and the principles of making these instruments are still widely used today. In addition, Hua Tuo, a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was the first surgeon to use anesthesia technology to treat patients. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, calligraphy and painting were not only used as characters and graphic symbols, but also their artistic status was gradually revealed. Although the number of artworks handed down in the Eastern Han Dynasty is small, we can still get a glimpse of China culture.
Genealogy of emperors in Eastern Han Dynasty
history
emperor
Emperor introduction
Historical event period
He ascended the throne in AD 25.
In 57 AD, he ascended the throne.
Guangwudi (Liu Xiu) 8
Birth: 6 BC-Death: 57 AD (reigned for 32 years)
When Emperor Guangwu was Emperor Guangwu, his surname was Liu, and he was Wen's uncle. The ninth grandson of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. After joining the Greenwood Rebel, he defeated Wang Mang's army in Kunyang. In 25 years, Liu Xiu proclaimed himself emperor. He died in 57 AD at the age of 64. Wrapped in a corpse,
He ascended the throne in 57 AD.
In 75 AD, he ascended the throne.
Ming Di (Liu Zhuang)
Birth: ad 28-death: ad 75 (rule 18)
Ming Di, the fourth son of Liu Xiu. When Ming Di was in office, the bureaucracy was strict, the tax revenue was low, and the people's lives were stable. He died in 75 at the age of 48. Ming Di established the White Horse Temple in Luoyang, which was the first Buddhist temple established when Buddhism was introduced into China, and it still exists. Ban Chao went to the Western Regions.
He ascended the throne in 75 AD.
In 88 AD, he ascended the throne.
Johnny (Liu Wei)
Birth: AD 58-Death: AD 88 (13 years)
Johnny, Ming Di's fifth son. Emperor Zhang was "good at Confucianism" and implemented the policy of self-cultivation with the people, which led to an increase in population. During the reign of Ban Chao, he worked as a teacher in the Western Regions. Emperor Zhang was also a calligrapher, especially good at cursive script, and was later called "Cao Zhang". He died in 1988 at the age of 3 1. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in 88 AD.
In 105, he ascended the throne.
Hé di (Liu Zhao)
Birth: AD 79-Death: AD 105 (reign 17).
Zhang's fourth son was only 65438 years old when he acceded to the throne. He was appointed by Dou Taihou Lin Chao, and his spouse Dou Xian holds the real power. Take the stage after killing Dou Xian. /kloc-reigned in 0/8 and died in 0/05. At the age of 27. Not yet.
He ascended the throne on 105.
In 106, he ascended the throne.
Shandi (Liu Long)
Birth: A.D. 105-Death: A.D. 106 (reign 1 year).
Emperor Shang, the youngest son of Emperor He, was just full moon when he ascended the throne and died after eight months in office. Not yet.
He ascended the throne on 106.
Acceded to the throne in 125.
Andy (Liu Hu)
Birth: AD 94-Death: AD 125 (reign 19).
Andy Liu Hu, grandson of Emperor Zhang and father Qinghe Xiaoqing, was only 13 years old when he ascended the throne, and Empress Dowager Deng came to power. The Queen Mother came to power after her death. During the Andi period, politics was dark and social contradictions were sharp. He died in 125 at the age of 32. Cai Lun papermaking,
He ascended the throne in 125.
In 144, he abdicated.
Shun Di (Liu Bao)
Birth: 1 14- death: 144 (in place 19).
Shun Di Liu Bao, son of Andy. Shun Di came to power with the support of eunuchs, and state affairs were dominated by eunuchs. Politics is becoming more and more corrupt. He ordered eunuchs to adopt their sons, and made them hereditary knighthoods. Later, eunuchs colluded with consorts and politics became more corrupt. Shun Di died in 144 at the age of 30. Zhang Heng and the seismograph,
He ascended the throne in 144.
In 145, he ascended the throne.
Chongdi (Liu Bing)
Birth: a.d. 143-death: a.d. 145 (rule 1 year)
Liu Bing, the son of Emperor Shun, died in office for half a year at the age of three. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in 145.
In 146, he abdicated.
Zhidi (Liu Zuan)
Birth: a.d. 138-death: a.d. 146 (reign 1 year).
Zhang's great-grandson is the son of Emperor Xiaozong of Bohai Sea. He was only eight years old when he acceded to the throne, but he was quite clever. General Liang Yi was said to be an "overbearing general" who was poisoned by Liang Yi. He was nine years old. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in 146.
In 167, he abdicated.
Huandi (Herry Liu)
Birth: 132- death: 167 (in 2 1 year).
Emperor Herry Liu, the great-grandson of Emperor Zhang. Son of Hou. When Emperor Huan ascended the throne 15 years old, consorts were in power. Later, he relied on eunuchs to kill his spouse Liang Yi, and then he was ruled by eunuchs. Emperor Huan died in 167 at the age of 36. Not yet.
He ascended the throne in 168.
Acceded to the throne in 189.
Lingdi (Liu Hong)
Birth: 156- death: 189 (in 2 1 year).
Emperor Ling, the great-grandson of Zhang, died childless and acceded to the throne. The spirit emperor is filthy, and eunuchs control the state affairs, calling it "ten constant attendants." Emperor Ling often said, "Zhang Changshi is my father and Zhao Changshi is my mother. During the reign of Emperor Ling, people were in poverty, officials did not buy and sell, and social contradictions intensified. Finally, in 184, the yellow turban insurrectionary broke out. Lingdi died in 189 at the age of 33. The yellow turban insurrectionary,
He ascended the throne in 189.
In 220 AD, he ascended the throne.
Xian Di (Liu Xie)
Birth: 18 1 year-death: 234 years (in office: 3 1 year).
Liu Xie, the son of Emperor Ling, was only nine years old when he acceded to the throne. Dong Zhuo was authoritarian, and Cao Hou was in Xuchang. In 220, Cao Cao died, and Cao Pi became emperor and established the State of Wei. Han died, and Liu Xie was demoted to Shanyanggong. He died in 234, aged 54. Xian Di has never been in charge of state affairs. Sun Ce dominated Jiangdong, the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao unified the north, Battle of Red Cliffs and Liu Bei entered Sichuan, hence the battle of Xu and Guan Yu went to Maicheng.