300 lychees a day, I will grow up to be a Lin
300 lychees a day, I will grow up to be a Lingnan person without hesitation. From Su Shi's "Eating Litchi in Huizhou/Song Dynasty"
It's spring at four o'clock in Luofu Mountain, and tangerines and bayberries are new.
300 lychees a day, I will grow up to be a Lingnan person without hesitation. Don't hesitate to work: neither do I.
There are 300 lychees every day. As a Lingnan person, I don't hesitate to appreciate them. On Mr. Dongpo's Lingnan Feelings from Lychee Poetry
Su Dongpo was accused of "belittling the court" and was demoted to Lingnan in the first year of Song Zhezong's Shaosheng, and was "forbidden to sign books for business". Therefore, Mr. Dongpo lingered in the mountains and rivers, observed the mountains and rivers, and had a deep love for Lingnan. Even litchi, which is very common in Lingnan, is so persistent.
On April 11th, the second year of Shao Sheng, Su Shi ate litchi for the first time in Huizhou, and wrote a poem "Eating Litchi at the Beginning of April 11th", which was full of praise for litchi: "... in the misty rain of yellow flowers, he was especially a pioneer with litchi. The seamount is crimson, and the white jade skin is in the red yarn. You don't have to wait for the princess to laugh, and your personality is naturally beautiful ... "Since then, Su Shi has repeatedly expressed his love for litchi in his poems. For example, "Five Songs of the New Year": "When the plums are ripe, the flower heads are now numerous." "To Tan Xiu": "It is not enough to leave bamboo shoots and ferns as teachers. When will litchi be disappointed?" Preface to Six Poems of Hetao Returning to the Garden: "An old man is eighty-five, which means (litchi) told me:' And it is edible, can you bring wine to swim?' I am willing to promise this. "Returning to the Garden with Tao" Part V: "I would like to be a chicken and millet bureau with litchi society." "Poem of Eating Litchi Two Times" Part II: "Three hundred Litchi a day, I will grow up to be a Lingnan person. "
Among them, the phrase "300 lychees a day, I will grow up to be a Lingnan person" is the most well known. Most poets think that Mr. Dongpo came to praise the scenery of Lingnan, thus expressing his nostalgia for Lingnan. In fact, this is a sweet hymn full of bitterness sung by Mr. Dongpo.
Yes, from some phenomena, Su Shi's mood in Lingnan is indeed calmer than when he was just demoted to Huangzhou, and the frustration and depression of "cooking cold dishes in the air and burning reeds in the kitchen" have also disappeared. According to the legend of Song history, Su Shi lived in Huizhou for three years, but there was no place to introduce himself, and no one was smart or stupid, so he won his favor. After being demoted to Qiongzhou, he lived in a place where no one lived. "In the beginning, you need a company." So Shi bought land to build a house, and the people moved soil to help it. My youngest son and I live alone, write books for fun, and always swim past his parents, if it lasts for a lifetime. "Su Zhe's introduction to Mr. Dongpo and Shi Tao:" Mr. Dongpo lives in seclusion and lives under Luo Fu ... the idea of luxurious houses and luxurious food does not exist in his chest. "When Su Dongpo was in Lingnan, he not only cared about the natural scenery and customs, but also had frequent contacts with monks. There are many works of singing with monks in his poems. This does show a sense of seclusion to a certain extent.
We really can't believe that people with lofty ideals like Su Like Dongpo, who has a strong sense of social responsibility, will avoid the world and customs. There is a fact that illustrates this interesting problem.
In his later years, Su Dongpo seemed to like Tao Yuanming very much and took pains to compile his and Tao Yuanming's poems into an episode. Su Dongpo and Tao Yuanming wrote the most poems when they lived in Lingnan. Shao Sheng moved to Yongzhou for resettlement from the first month of the second year in Huizhou to the third year in August of Fu Yuan in Zhou Shu. In a short period of five years and eight months, he and Tao composed more than 100 songs 44 times. Mr. Dongpo once described his intention with Tao: "I have been an official all my life just to make trouble in the world, so I am deeply ashamed and want to be a teacher at night." (See Su Zhe's "Mr. Dongpo and Yin") This seems to tell the world that Su Dongpo never wants to pursue his career again, and wants to help Tao Yuanming retire to the garden and grow into a Lingnan person.
Interestingly, Mr. Dongpo's brother, who has the same soul, questioned the significance of Dongpo's self-reporting Shi Tao. In the article "Mr Dongpo and Yin", he said: "Well, Yuan Ming refused to meet the children in the village for five dou meters. However, Zi Zhan has been an official for more than 30 years and was trapped by prison guards. He couldn't control himself, so he got into big trouble. He wants to entrust the last scenery of Sang Yu to Yuan, who will believe it! " Ji Yun, a Qing Dynasty man, also thought that Su Shi "had his original form".
Su Zhe didn't believe that his brother would really retire, and so did Ji Yun hundreds of years later. Their views can be confirmed in the poems of Su Dongpo and Tao. The eleventh section of "Twenty Drinks with Tao" says: "The imperial edict is extensive, and the father and elder are good. Once again, I salute He Wujun, who is not greedy for treasures. " 18, he said: "Wuhu City is booming and Tang Lei is blocked. From next year, Huatang will buy wine to hang the country. " On the twentieth day, he said, "At that time, Liu Xiang went on strike, and the world was in chaos. Three cups wash the Warring States and one barrel destroys Qiang Qin. " There is a saying in He Tao Yong San Liang: "If you kill yourself, you will lose money. If you die for your country, I will go with you. " It can be seen that Su Shi's calm appearance can't hide his worries about the national luck and people's livelihood.
This kind of anxiety is manifested more incisively and vividly in the poem Litchi Tan. First of all, he criticized the ruling class in Han and Tang dynasties for their own enjoyment and ignoring the ugly nature of people's livelihood: "A flying dust in ten miles, a fire in five miles." I know it's litchi and longan. Flying over the mountains and seas, the leaves and branches of the wind are as fresh as new ones. The beauty in the palace broke her face, and the dust spilled blood for thousands of years. Thousands of years later, we can especially see Sue crying and praying to God: "I wish God would have mercy on this child and not let me get sores. "The rain and the wind adjust the gold, and the people are not hungry and cold."
300 lychees a day, and the next four seasons in Luofu Mountain are spring. Loquat and Huangmei are fresh every day.
If I eat 300 lychees every day, I would like to be a Lingnan person forever.
There are 300 litchi a day. Su Shi (1037-1101), a writer, painter and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty, took pains to write a brief introduction to Lingnan people. Zi yue Zhan, no Dongpo lay man. Han nationality, Sichuanese, was buried in Yingchang (now Jiaxian County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province). I have a bumpy career, profound knowledge, extremely high talent and excellent poetry, calligraphy and painting. His writing style, Wang Yang, is unrestrained and fluent, and he is also called Ou Su with Ouyang Xiu, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties"; Poetry is fresh and vigorous, making good use of exaggeration and metaphor, and its artistic expression is unique. Together with Huang Tingjian, they are called Su Huang. The uninhibited school has a great influence on later generations, and it is called Su Xin with Xin Qiji. Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovative. Writing with a pen is ups and downs, full of childlike interest. And Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called Song Sijia. Painting is the same as literature. In painting, we advocate spirit likeness and "literati painting". He is the author of The Complete Works of Su Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu.