Dai (d ǐ i), that is, Dai, generally refers to the Thais in China, one of the ethnic minorities in China.
According to their distribution areas, the Dai people in China call themselves Dai Lu, Dai Na, Dai Ya, Dai Zhan and Dai Duan. Xishuangbanna and other places call themselves "Dai Lu", Dehong and other places call themselves "Dai Na", Xinping and Yuanjiang in the middle and upper reaches of the Red River call themselves "Dai Ya", Ruili, Longchuan and Gengma border areas call themselves "Dai tension", and Mangjing and Mangna in Lancang are branches of Dai tension. Han people call Dai Lu Shui Dai, Dai Na Handai and Dai Ya Huayaodai.
Dai art
1, Dai Opera
Dai people have traditional Dai dramas. There used to be a form of musical words in Xishuangbanna, which is the embryonic form of Dai opera. Its plot is relatively simple, mainly showing the disguised struggle between knife hunters and dragons, phoenixes, turtles and cranes. The development and perfection of Dai opera is mainly in Dehong area. Therefore, Dai drama is also called "Dai drama in western Yunnan". Early plays include Gongsun Tilling the Field, Errenzhuan, Twelve Horses and so on.
2. Calligraphy
Dai calligraphy is a line modeling art with Dai fonts as its apparent content and the initial charcoal pen, white clay pen and later "Liezhan" (iron cone pen), fern pen, pen and brush pen as its performance tools.
Traditional Dai calligraphy has six styles, such as "warm and beautiful", "diligent and elegant", "elegant and elegant", "Duoluo Valley", "hemp ring with multiple folds" and "south curtain with multiple folds", which means "six methods" or "six styles".
Step 3 cut paper
Paper-cutting in Dai areas of Yunnan is usually used to embroider samples and decorate lintels, lanterns, banners and offerings. Themes are mostly geometric patterns and flowers, birds and animals.
Patterns are mostly characterized by shading to show the main flower in the center. The knife method is strong, the composition is full and complete, and the local characteristics are distinct.
Most of Dai women's paper-cuts are about animals and plants. His works are mostly White Elephant, Proud, Roaring in the Woods, Golden Rooster Breaking Dawn, White Crane with Bright Wings, etc. And paper-cutting with lotus, camellia, chrysanthemum and other flowers as the theme.
4. Brocade
Dai brocade is mostly monochrome, with weft, and the pattern organization is very strict. When knitting, Dai women first tie the pattern structure to the "diamond plate" (flower book) with a thin string, and then start to connect the warp with their hands, so that a very beautiful Dai brocade can be woven.
Dai brocade is exquisite in craftsmanship, unique in pattern, bright in color and durable. Its patterns include rare birds and animals, exotic flowers and herbs and geometric patterns. The colors and patterns of each pattern have special meanings, such as red and green to commemorate ancestors, peacock patterns to symbolize good luck, and elephant patterns to symbolize harvest.
5. Musical instruments
Dai folk musical instruments include Galassa, Guiyu, Guiyu, Duoluo, Elephant Foot Drum, Sui, Paisui and Dai cymbals.
Hulusi, a characteristic musical instrument of Dai nationality, is a reed instrument, which can continuously emit five-degree intervals, with beautiful, soft, mellow and euphemistic tone. In the bamboo forest or Dai bamboo house on a moonlit night, it can give people a subtle and hazy aesthetic feeling, and the vibrato blown out is as elegant and gentle as trembling silk. Shi Guangnan, a famous composer, created the music "Bambusa in the Moonlight", which made Hulusi music popular all over the country.
Step 6 dance
There are many kinds of Dai dances. Dai people in Xishuangbanna call dance "fan". Folk dances include: Fan Nuo, Fan Guanghan, Fan Guang, Ha Fan and Zheng Fan. Fanwannuo mainly imitates the movements of birds, including peacock dance, crane dance and turtledove dance.