Look at a pair of Mr. Yang Shoujing's (1839- 19 15) first:
Flowers fall at home, servants are not swept, birds crow and tourists are still asleep.
This is a six-character poem written by Wang Wei. The original poem is as follows:
Hearts also contain fresh rain overnight, green willows and a touch of spring smoke.
Flowers fall at home, servants are not swept, birds crow and tourists are still asleep.
Let's take a look at these two poems by Wang Wei. They are really pleasing to the eye! -The red sun rises, flowers are everywhere, and the children haven't got up yet; With the birds singing, tourists are still dreaming and just wake up naturally. Like master, like servant, the biological clock of this furniture seems to be similar to that of its owner.
Wang Wei is a famous pastoral poet, and together with Tao Yuanming, he is also called the "Gemini" of pastoral poets in the history of China literature. But the difference between them is that Tao Yuanming is really poor. He is an educated farmer and cultivates himself. Look at Tao Yuanming's self-portrait;
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas.
Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.
It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
Wang Wei was a provincial and ministerial official in the Tang Dynasty. What is the economic situation of Mr. Wang who retired to Linquan? Let's look at the scale of its "Wangchuan Other Industries" (according to the data compiled by Baidu Encyclopedia):
Wangchuan county is located in Lantian county, southeast of Xi city, about 30 kilometers away from Xi city. Wang Wei's Wangchuan real estate extends about 65,438+00 kilometers from southeast to northwest along Zhong Nanshan Wang Yu Valley, covering an area of about 65,438+00-20 square kilometers, which means at least 65,438+05,000 mu of land. According to the poems describing the separation of Wangchuan in Wangchuan Collection and the Wangchuan Villa copied by later generations, we can roughly describe the separation of Wangchuan as follows:
Entering from the mountain pass, you will face Mengcheng depression, and the hill behind the depression is called Huazigang. The mountains are steep and dense, with many pine trees and Qiu Shu. So there are sentences such as "Birds don't go to poverty, even the mountains are full of autumn colors" and "Sunset is relaxing". Back to the mountain valley, you can live in a secluded place, and there is Wangkou Village, so there is a sentence of "new residence Mengchengkou" and "under the ancient city of Jianfu".
Over the hill, we arrived at the lake behind Nanling and Beihu, where we can look forward and review. There is a satellite pavilion, which says in the poem that "satellites are cut into beams and citronella is beautiful", and it is probably a fake in Shan Ye. After Wenxing Pavilion, Chongling is towering and there are many bamboos on the ridge, hence the name "Jinzhuling". Here, "all the way to the mountain road", built by the stream, has the scenery of "clear flow and straight, green and dense and deep"
Along the stream, it leads to another area with the title "Mulan Village" (a fenced garden with many magnolias). The scenery here is deep, and a poem says, "When the sun sets, birds are singing in the stream, and Yuanxi Road turns deeper, when will it be quiet?" The hill at the source of the stream confronts Jinzhuling and is named "Cornus slices", probably because there are many Cornus on the mountain, which are "red and green and blooming like flowers". Above the dogwood, there is a valley with the sentence "The path is covered by palace trees" and the title is "Palace trees are dedicated to the lake".
Denggangling, deep in the sparsely populated mountains, is called "Chai Lu" (Luyuan in other industries), where "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice" right here. At the foot of the "Chai Lu" is the "North House", facing the lake and covered with houses. The so-called "Nanshan North House, Jieyu Hu Lin". There are hills all over the North House with steep cliffs and lakes under the walls. From here to Nanzhai, Zhuliguan and other places, because there is water barrier, it is necessary to cross the river by boat, so there is a saying that "it is difficult to go to Nanzhai alone, but it is difficult to go to Beizhai".
The scenery of Lihu Lake is "endless lake water, the same blue sky, the whistling on the boat and the breeze all around". Boating on the lake, but see "looking back on the lake, green mountains roll white clouds." In order to fully appreciate the lakes and mountains, a "Huguang Pavilion" was built. There is a poem that says, "Welcome guests with a light song, come up from the leisurely lake, and when the porch is drinking wine, the hibiscus blooms all around." Willow trees are planted all over the lakeshore. "Branches are connected to the treetops, and they reflect into the beautiful scenery", "The pool is the same color, and it blows away like silk", so it is named "Willow Waves". Under Liulang, there is a swift current. There are shallow stones sliding down here, waves splashing each other, seagulls crossing in flood season, always wanting to be close to people. There are not only rapids rushing down here, but also waterfowl playing.
From the water to the south, back to the mountains, there is a spring called "Golden Chip Spring", which is said to be "beautiful". The valley below the mountain is the south house. From the south side of the house to the entrance of the lake, there is a "white stone beach", where "white stone beach is shallow and green" and "the water is behind the stone, and the waves are not very good" Go up the mountain stream to "Zhuliguan" and reach "Leaning alone in the dense bamboo, I am playing the pipa and humming a song, and my voice is so low that no one can hear me except my companion Mingyue." In addition, there is "Xinyiwu" ("hibiscus flowers with broken red calyx in the mountains. There is no one at home, leaving it open. " ), "lacquer garden" and "pepper garden" are named after magnolia, lacquer tree and pepper.
So, Wei Wang is really rich!
Mr. Wang Wei's poems "There is a picture in the poem, there is a poem in the picture", "There is moonlight in the pine forest, and there is a crystal stone in the stream", "I will walk until the water stops my way, and then sit and watch the clouds rising in Ran Ran", "The fruit falls in the rain, and the grass flies under the lamp", etc. After reading all the prosperity, it is ethereal and detached, which was bought with a lot of money in the Tang Dynasty.
Of course, the rich pay attention and the poor enjoy it. Even if there are only a few cabins, you can still enjoy comfort. For example, the following pair of Mr. Qian Juntao (1906- 1998):
The moon is full of water, and Yun Qi is the Tianshan Mountains.
? I don't need other tens of thousands of acres of business. A few huts are enough to keep out the wind and rain. The wide world is where I really live. "The moon is full of water, and Yun Qi is Tianshan Mountain"-what I see is all I have, and what I can enjoy is what I get. Spiritual transcendence does not necessarily require a golden platform and jade steps paved with material.
Of course, it would be better if there was wine. Didn't Tao Yuanming also say that "wine tastes deep because of lingering" and "if you don't drink quickly, you will lose your headscarf"? Let's take a look at Mr. Wu Zhi (1878- 1949):
In the mirror of the spring, my lovely wine filled the bed.
? The mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous. Lu is not big, as long as there is wine. Of course, the new spring water, like a mirror and flowers like brocade, can help me get drunk.
Also, beautiful music always fascinates me. Look at Mr. Wang Fuchang (1879- 1960):
The waves are warm and the dust is fragrant, who plays the flute on the boat;
The lotus is quiet and the bamboo is deep, and the winding path is around the aromatic plexus.
Who is playing the flute on the boat? It's heartbreaking-I can't help but have a look.
? There are many fragrant groves, winding paths leading to secluded places, towering bamboos on the shore, and lotus flowers stained with soil by the water-this is really another comfort.
This pair is a collection of poems from the Song Dynasty, and the collector is a Buddhist (I don't know who it is).
The last couplet is about the comfort of smelling the flute. This couplet looks at the comfort of playing the flute. Mr. Liang Qichao (1873- 1929) has a pair of favorite Song Ci couplets (for Xu Zhimo):
Near the water, it can be clear and clear, and when it reaches the fourth bridge, it calls Huanbi;
This means that I have been flying all my life, playing the flute under the begonia flowers until dawn.
Flutes are mostly made of bamboo, and their pitch is very small, so the sound can often travel far. I wonder how many people would have trouble sleeping if it could "fly for a lifetime, the begonia blooms and the flute blows until dawn".
Li Baiyou wrote a well-written "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night":
Yu Di's dark flying sound scattered into the spring breeze in Los Angeles.
In this nocturne, the willow is broken, and no one can afford to be homesick.
Let's look at Mr. Mei Sunhe (1894- 1964):
A clear song, more piccolo in the wind, long clouds make it late;
Ten years old dream, pillow in front of the lamp, smoking the rain outside.
? This couplet has not only flutes and songs, but also breezes and sunset clouds, misty rain, incense stoves and lingering old dreams. ...
It is said that Emperor Xianfeng was attracted by Cixi's ditty. It seems that to make the emperor comfortable, it needs not only strength but also charm.
Let's take a look at Mr. He Ji Shao (1799- 1873):
Under the moon of Hengqin, drinking wine to kill time.
? The first part of the book "Under the Moon at Hengqin" is quite similar to the artistic conception of Mr. Wang Wei's Bamboo House (one of the scenic spots in Wangchuan):
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song.
It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
? The second part is "when pressing hops". "Pressing wine" is the process of squeezing distiller's grains to get wine juice, which is the filtering process after wine is cooked. The liquor we are drinking now is distilled liquor, and impurities have been removed by distillation-cooling, so it is no longer necessary to "press the liquor".
So Mr. Hu Jun, this pair is similar:
Sit next to the wine and drink it at any time. In this case, Zhang Qin plays with the moon.
Ouyang Xiu once wrote a set of 10 "Picking Mulberry Seeds", praising Yingzhou West Lake. This group of words is orderly in front, and it is called "West Lake Reading Language". His writing is somewhat similar to the coziness of this couplet, which is recorded as follows:
Wang Ziyou used to like bamboo. He didn't ask his master to build a door. Tao Yuanming's hermit stayed on the road when he met wine. The victory of West Lake is a good name for Dongying. Although the scenery is beautiful, it is more solid than the high meeting; The breeze and bright moon are fortunate to belong to idle people. Go together or make friends, and sometimes go alone on impulse. The frog listened for a while and asked Ann if it was business or private. The winding water is flowing, so you can sing it. I am happy, but I know that I am close to no one. It can be seen that occasional visits are often better than special visits, and the order is credible; Although nothing is your own, you have gained a lot.
Look at Mr Yao again (1773- 1852):
Hold the harp and watch the crane go and wait for the cloud to return.
It says to play the piano to the moon, and here it says to play the piano to the crane. Crane is a lucky bird in China traditional culture, symbolizing purity and longevity. Taoist masters often ascend to heaven by cranes, so cranes can be used as "angels" between heaven and earth. Being able to talk to cranes by playing the piano is almost like talking to immortals.
Finally, look at Mr. Chen Hongshou (1768- 1822):
If the words are clear as water, poetry and dreams are warmer than spring.
The first part of the book "Qin Yan Qing Shui" looks unremarkable and thoughtful. Ancient literati often played the piano for a while before going home to sleep after spending money during the day-washing away the dust and filth polluted by body and mind during the day with pure water, just like taking a bath to wash away a smelly sweat.
The second couplet "Poetry and dreams are warmer than spring" is another kind of comfort-thinking day and night, life during the day is poetic, and dreams at night are of course poetic. Such dreams are always as full of vitality and warmth as spring. 、
(Note: The pictures in this article are all from the Internet. Please leave a message if copyright is involved. )