The emperors of the Wei Dynasty include: Emperor Wu of Wei Cao Cao, Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi, Emperor Ming of Wei Cao Rui, King of Wei Qi Cao Fang, and Emperor Yuan of Wei Cao Huan.
1. Cao Cao
Cao Cao (155-March 15, 220), whose courtesy name was Mengde, whose last name was Jili, and whose nickname was Amo, was born in Qiao County, Peiguo (now Bozhou, Anhui Province). )people. He was an outstanding statesman, militarist, writer and calligrapher in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and the founder of the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms.
Cao Cao served as the prime minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty and was later granted the title of King of Wei, laying the foundation for the founding of Cao Wei. After his death, his posthumous title was King Wu. After his son Cao Pi became emperor, he was honored as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Taizu.
Cao Cao was proficient in the art of war in the military and valued talents. For this reason, he would take the potential members under his command at all costs. In life, he was good at poetry to express his political ambitions and reflect the sentiments of the people in the late Han Dynasty. The suffering life is majestic, generous and sad; the prose is also clear and neat, which opened up and prospered Jian'an literature and left precious spiritual wealth to future generations. Lu Xun evaluated him as "the ancestor of reforming articles". At the same time, Cao Cao was also good at calligraphy. Zhang Huaiguan of the Tang Dynasty rated Cao Cao's calligraphy as "wonderful" in "Shujuan".
2. Cao Pi
Wei Emperor Cao Pi (winter 187 - June 29, 226), courtesy name Zihuan, was born in Qiao County, Peiguo, Yuzhou (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province) . A famous politician and writer during the Three Kingdoms period, he was the founding emperor of Cao Wei (reigned from 220 to 226). The second son of Emperor Wu of Wei Cao Cao and the eldest son of his wife, Mrs. Bian.
In the seventh year of Huangchu (226), Cao Pi died of illness in Luoyang at the age of forty. His posthumous title was Emperor Wen, his temple name was Gaozu (as Shizu in Zizhi Tongjian), and he was buried in Shouyang Mausoleum. Cao Pi was accomplished in poetry, fu, and literature, and was especially good at five-character poetry. Together with his father Cao Cao and his younger brother Cao Zhi, he was also known as the "Three Cao Cao of Jian'an". There are two volumes of "Collection of Emperor Wen of Wei" today. In addition, Cao Pi authored "Classics", of which "Thesis" is the first systematic monograph of literary criticism in the history of Chinese literature.
3. Cao Rui
Cao Rui (204? - January 22, 239), Emperor Wei Ming, courtesy name Yuan Zhong, was born in Qiao County, Peiguo County, Yuzhou (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province) people. The second emperor of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period (reigned from 226 to 239). The eldest son of Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi, his mother was Empress Wen Zhaozhen.
In the third year of Jingchu (239), Cao Rui died of illness in Luoyang at the age of thirty-six. His temple name was Liezu, his posthumous title was Emperor Ming, and he was buried in Gaoping Mausoleum. Cao Ruineng was a poet and essayist, and together with Cao Cao and Cao Pi, he was called the "Three Ancestors" of the Wei family. The original collection has been lost, but later generations have compiled two volumes of his prose and more than ten Yuefu poems.
4. Cao Fang
Cao Fang (232-274), courtesy name Lanqing, was the adopted son of Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui and the third emperor of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He reigned from 239 to 254. .
Cao Fang was named King of Qi in the third year of Qinglong (235). In the third year of Jingchu (239), Cao Rui died of illness and succeeded him as emperor. In the sixth year of Jiaping (254), Sima Shi deposed Cao Fang as the king of Qi and made Cao Mao, the Duke of Gaogui Township, the emperor. After Sima Yan proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of the Wei Dynasty, he changed the title of Cao Fang to Shaoling County Duke. In the tenth year of Taishi (274), Cao Fang died of illness at the age of forty-three, and his posthumous title was Duke Li.
5. Cao Huan
Cao Huan (246-302), whose real name was Cao Huang, courtesy name Jingming, was born in Qiao County, Peiguo (now Bozhou, Anhui), and was the emperor of Wei Dynasty Cao Cao Sun, the son of Cao Yu, King of Yan, was the last emperor of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, reigning from 260 to 265.
In the third year of Ganlu's reign (258), he was granted the title of Changdao Township Duke. In the fifth year of Ganlu (260), Cao Mao, the Duke of Gaogui Township, the Wei Emperor, was killed by Cheng Ji. Sima Zhao discussed with the ministers and established Cao Huan as emperor, in honor of Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui. Although Cao Huan was named emperor, he was actually a puppet of the Sima family. In the second year of Xianxi (265), after the death of Sima Zhao, his son Sima Yan succeeded to the throne of Jin Dynasty and usurped the power of Wei State. Wei State was destroyed and Cao Huan was demoted to King Chenliu. In the first year of Tai'an (302), Cao Huan passed away at the age of fifty-eight, and his posthumous title was Emperor Yuan.
Reference materials Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Huan
Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Fang
Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Rui
Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Pi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Cao