The Four Books refer to "The Analects", "Mencius", "The Great Learning" and "The Doctrine of the Mean"; while the Five Classics refer to the "Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes", "Spring and Autumn China" Ancient Confucianism requires students to master six basic talents: etiquette, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and mathematics.
From "Zhou Li·Bao Shi": "To raise a country's sons with the Tao is to teach six arts: the first is the Five Rites, the second is the Six Music, the third is the Five Shooting, the fourth is the Five Control, and the fifth is the Six Book, Six Days and Nine Numbers. "Etiquette: Etiquette (today's moral education) Music: Music Archery: Archery technology (to exercise physical fitness, character cultivation) Royal: The technique of driving a carriage Book: Calligraphy (today's literature) Number: Algorithm (today's mathematics) Liushu refers to the six structural regulations of Chinese characters. It is an arrangement made by later generations based on the formation of Chinese characters, rather than the rules of character creation:
Including: pictograms, referring to things, pictographs, understandings, transfers, and borrowings.
The word "Liu Shu" comes from "Liu Shu": "The Bao clan admonishes the king for his evil deeds, and raises the country's sons in the Tao. He teaches the six arts: the first is called the Five Rituals; the second is called the Six Music; the third is called the Five Shoot; the fourth is called Five Controls; the fifth is called Six Books; the sixth is called Nine Numbers;". However, "Zhou Li" only records the term "Six Books" without explaining it. The Four Histories are actually the first four histories, namely "Historical Records", "Hanshu", "Later Hanshu" and "Three Kingdoms". They belong to the first four of the Twenty-Four Official Histories and are masterpieces of historiography in Chinese history. The twenty-four historical books appointed by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty started from "Historical Records" and ended with "History of the Ming Dynasty", so they are also called "Twenty-Four Histories"; during the Republic of China period, "History of the Qing Dynasty" was added. It became ＜＜Twenty-Five Histories＞＞; the full catalog is as follows: 01. Historical Records (Han Dynasty, Sima Qian) 02. Hanshu (Han Dynasty, Ban Gu) 03. Later Han Dynasty (Fan Ye, Sima Biao) 04. Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms (Jin Dynasty, Chen Shou) ) 05. Book of Jin (Tang Dynasty·Fang Xuanling, etc.) 06. Book of Song Dynasty (Southern Dynasty Liang·Shen Yue) 07. Book of Southern Qi (Southern Dynasty Liang·Xiao Zixian) 08. Book of Liang (Tang Dynasty·Yao Silian) 09. Book of Chen (Tang Dynasty· Yao Silian) 10. Book of Wei (Northern Qi, Wei Shou) 11. Book of Northern Qi (Tang, Li Baiyao) 12. Book of Zhou (Tang, Linghu Defen, etc.) 13. Book of Sui (Tang, Wei Zheng, etc.) 14. Southern History (Li Yanshou, Tang Dynasty) 15. Northern History (Li Yanshou, Tang Dynasty) 16. Old Tang Book (Later Jin Dynasty, Shen Yu, etc.) 17. New Tang Book (Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Song Qi) 18. Old History of the Five Dynasties (Song Dynasty, Xue Juzheng etc.) 19. New History of the Five Dynasties (Song, Ouyang Xiu) 20. History of the Song Dynasty (Yuan, Tuotuo, etc.) 21. History of the Liao (Yuan, Tuotuo, etc.) 22. History of the Jin (Yuan, Tuotuo, etc.) 23. History of the Yuan (Ming Dynasty) ·Song Lian, etc.) 24. History of Ming Dynasty (Qing Dynasty, Zhang Tingyu, etc.) 25. History of the Qing Dynasty (written by Zhao Erxun and others)