The liberation of Nanking declared the complete collapse of Kuomintang rule, which was of epoch-making significance in the revolutionary history of China. In the face of this great historical moment, Mao Zedong, with the great talent of proletarian revolutionaries, made a comprehensive survey of history and perspective of reality, and put forward the strategic thought of "being ruthless" and carrying the revolution to the end, because this is not only a question of success or failure in a battle or decisive battle, but also the future of the whole country and the fate of hundreds of millions of people. The whole poem artistically reproduces this strategic thought, showing the confidence and determination of the People's Liberation Army to completely defeat the Kuomintang reactionaries, and expressing its belief in winning the liberation of China.
The first floor (sentence 1 and 2) The People's Liberation Army crossed the river to liberate Nanjing. On the other hand, it is "a million mighty men crossing the river" that contributed to the "storm of Zhongshan rising to pale", so it is the sum of the whole poem, which vividly depicts the magnificent scene of the People's Liberation Army crossing the Yangtze River to capture Nanjing, not only describing the rapid progress of our army crossing the river, but also showing the brave momentum of crossing the river. Just as the enemy was still imagining a comeback, our army had crossed the Yangtze River in a mighty way and went straight to the enemy's lair with lightning speed. In the rumble of our army's artillery fire, the reactionary government in Nanjing is like a yellow leaf that scares away birds and animals. At the beginning of this poem, there are strange peaks, such as the top of Mount Tai. The language is concise, powerful and vivid. "Pale yellow" and "green yellow" vividly show this sudden and unusual revolutionary storm, and the word "teacher of heroes" vividly describes the mighty heroic spirit of the powerful People's Liberation Army. The word "crossing the river" vividly describes the heroic spirit and broad and vivid scene of the People's Liberation Army crossing the river.
The second layer (sentences 3 and 4) eulogizes the liberation of Nanjing.
The word "today is better than the past" here embodies deep love and hate, thinking about the "imperial country" that was riddled with holes in the past and people's extreme hatred of reactionary rule; Nanjing, a famous historical city, has been so dangerous militarily since ancient times, and now it is magnificent in the hands of the People's Liberation Army. Politically, it used to be a place where reactionary rulers were deeply rooted. Today, it has become the people's hero city, changed the world, presented an unprecedented brand-new look, truly demonstrated its majestic posture, more majestic and heroic than ever before.
The liberation of Nanking declared the downfall of the Chiang family dynasty and the ruling center of the Kuomintang reactionaries, and marked the decisive victory of the China revolution and the overthrow of the three mountains above the people. This is indeed a great change and an event of great historical significance. The soldiers and civilians of the whole country who are eager for victory are impassioned and inspiring by the great changes and unprecedented great historical events in this rotating Gankun.
The idiom "the sky falls and the earth sinks" not only illustrates the great changes, but also illustrates the great significance of the event. On the one hand, Generosity praises the ambition and bravery of the People's Liberation Army, on the other hand, it expresses the lofty sentiments of raising an old duck and getting wind of the world. These languages are full of vitality and boldness.
The above four sentences are historical documentaries, which focus on narration, are vivid and magnificent, and are condensed with deep praise and admiration.
The third level (sentences 5 and 6) points out that the revolution should go through to the end. These two sentences are the concentrated expression of Mao Zedong's great strategic thought of "carrying out the revolution to the end", which is the core and soul of the whole poem. This poem borrows two allusions to express the poet's strategic thinking. After the liberation of Nanjing, is it "chasing the enemy" or "chasing the enemy"? Shall we carry the revolution to the end, or give up halfway? This is a struggle between two routes. On the eve of the People's Liberation Army crossing the river to liberate Nanjing, both at home and abroad advocated taking the river as the boundary and dividing the north and the south to avoid imperialist interference. Their ideas are tantamount to giving up the revolution halfway. At that time, Mao Zedong solemnly pointed out in the article "Carry the Revolution to the End": "If we want to carry the revolution to the end, we must use revolutionary methods to resolutely, thoroughly and thoroughly destroy all reactionary forces and unswervingly overthrow imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism. Overthrow the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang in the whole country, and establish a Republic of the people's democratic dictatorship led by the proletariat with the alliance of workers and peasants as the main body. If we want to give up the revolution halfway, it will be against the will of the people, accept the will of foreign aggressors and China reactionaries, give the Kuomintang a chance to heal its wounds, and then pounce on it in the morning to stifle the revolution and bring the whole country back to the dark world. " At this critical moment, Mao Zedong adhered to the correct route of the revolution, defeated the wrong route, and made the revolution advance triumphantly along the right channel, which not only liberated Nanjing but also liberated all China by crossing the river.
The word "appropriate" is particularly well used, which not only points out that we should be "bitter enemies", but also points out that we should pursue bitter enemies under appropriate circumstances. Otherwise, it will repeat the mistakes of Chu. The purpose of using allusions here is to make us pay attention to the lessons of history, strongly criticize the wrong tendencies that appeared at that time, and make historical allusions seamlessly combine with reality, which not only achieves the purpose of "making the past serve the present", but also makes the discussion reach a visual artistic realm.
The fourth layer (7, 8 sentences) reveals that constant revolution, constant reform and continuous progress are the inevitable laws of human development.
The sentence "If there is affection in the sky, it will grow old" was originally a small sentence in the poem "Song of the Golden Copper Immortal" by Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. It is said that the immortals of gold and bronze "shed tears" because they moved from the Han Palace to Dewey. The implication of Li Heyuan's sentence is: If there is feelings in the sky, seeing the golden bronze immortal crying because he left the Han Palace, he will surely grow old with sadness. This is the extreme sadness of exaggerating the migration of "immortals", which shows Li He's infinite emotion when he sees such vicissitudes in the world. Mao Zedong borrowed it to write this poem, giving it a new meaning: the four seasons of nature change and run endlessly, which makes the metabolism of water in the universe endless, in line with the development law of objective things. Constant development, constant revolution and reform are the normal laws of human society. It is clearly pointed out here that the historical events described earlier, that is, the downfall of the Chiang family dynasty and the victory of China's life, are the objective and inevitable laws of social development, revealing that "the socialist system will eventually replace the capitalist system, which is an objective law that is independent of human will." It is not only this paradox, but also points out that the argument of "carrying out the revolution to the end" mentioned above is an objective truth that completely conforms to the law of social development. The revolutionary people responded to Mao Yangdong's call to carry out the revolution to the end and completely eliminate the Kuomintang reactionaries. This is the "right way" to run the world and fully conforms to the law of historical development.
The last four sentences are arguments, but they are not conceptual theories, but are expressed through vivid artistic images and language.
As Mao Zedong said at that time: "The people of China will see that once the fate of China is in the hands of the people themselves, China will shine on the earth with its brilliant flame like the sun rising in the east, quickly wash away the sludge and muddy water left by the reactionary government, heal the wounds of war and build a brand-new people and country worthy of the name."
This poem is magnificent and powerful in language. It shows the confidence and determination of the People's Liberation Army to completely defeat the Kuomintang reactionaries, and expresses its belief in winning the liberation of China!