1. From a military perspective:
Needless to say, Zhou Yu’s Battle of Chibi is one of the rare classics in Chinese history in which the weak defeated the strong. In the battle, facing the powerful enemy Cao Cao who was proficient in military affairs and Cao Cao's 300,000 army, Zhou Yu showed perfect comprehensive military capabilities in military management, strategy, employment, command on the battlefield, pre-battle foresight, etc. throughout the battle, which Zhou Yu single-handedly cultivated The powerful combat capability of the 30,000-strong Navy Corps also greatly expanded the results of the battle. It was the comprehensive and comprehensive effect of this series of indispensable excellent military qualities that led to the glorious victory in the Battle of Chibi. After the Battle of Chibi, he attacked Nanjun. Nanjun had many soldiers and generals, and it was a strategic location. Zhou Yu won again.
In addition, Zhou Yu and Sun Ce fought in the south and north for many years, and made great contributions to establishing the foundation of Jiangdong. They were victorious in every battle - attacking across the river and taking advantage of it. He crossed the river and attacked Moling, defeating Zuo Rong and Xue Li. Turn down Hushu and Jiangcheng and enter Qu'a. Attack Anhui and pull it out. Returned to Xunyang, defeated Liu Xun, conquered Jiangxia, also settled Yuzhang and Luling, and stayed in Baqiu.
Zhuge Liang's Romance of the Three Kingdoms fabricated a lot of achievements for Zhuge Liang, but in fact, the so-called achievements such as the Battle of Chibi, the burning of Bowangpo, the burning of Xinye, the capture of Hanzhong, the capture of Shu, the empty city plan, etc. were all done by Luo Guanzhong for Zhuge Liang. In the official history, Zhuge Liang did not fight many battles in his life and won even fewer battles. The most famous one was the Northern Expedition to attack Wei, which was the "Six Out of Qishan" in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but each time Zhuge Liang failed to retreat. Zhuge Liang's military ability has long been evaluated in the official history "Three Kingdoms": "Managing the people is better than general strategy, managing the army is the advantage, and ingenious planning is the shortcoming." It can be seen that Zhuge Liang's military ability is his shortcoming.
In the five Northern Expeditions to attack Wei, they all mobilized troops to waste money and waste people, but in the end they all failed and ended up being dragged to death by Sima Yi. Although there were some small-scale war victories in the middle, they could not have a decisive impact on the overall situation in the world, let alone cause any major blow to Wei. But on the domestic front, because of the waste of people and money in successive battles, it accelerated the early demise of the Shu Kingdom, which cannot but be said to be a huge failure.
2. From a strategic perspective:
Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu’s strategy is reflected in his analysis before the Battle of Chibi, and his views on seizing Shu in his letter to Sun Quan. . Before the Battle of Chibi, Zhou Yu's analysis was extremely accurate, "Now that the northern territory is not at peace, Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Guanxi, which will cause future troubles. It is not what China is good at to abandon pommel horses and use boats and boats to compete with Wu and Yue. And now It is extremely cold and there is no wormwood. The Chinese soldiers are driven far away from the rivers and lakes. They are not accustomed to the water and soil, and they are bound to get sick. These four are the dangers of military use, and it is best to do it today. " He is extremely sharp and discerning, and his victory in the Battle of Chibi also illustrates this point.
Zhuge Liang: There is only one Longzhong pair that can embody Zhuge Liang's strategy. The strategy of conquering Hanzhong and taking Shu was completed by Liu Bei, Fazheng and others. There are many problems with Longzhong's congenital deficiencies. Mao Zedong, as a military master, once commented: "It started with the mistake of Longzhong, and the force was divided into two parts thousands of miles away. In the end, Guan Yu, Liu Bei, and Zhuge Liang had three forces, and Ande Undefeated." He believed that the cause of the Shu Han's demise was Zhuge Liang's Longzhong confrontation.
Chinese military art emphasizes the concentration of troops and the use of concentrated troops to defeat an enemy with dispersed troops. This is also Mao Zedong's usual strategy. The three-thirds force prevented the already weak Shu Han from concentrating its forces, and the country's power was dispersed. The battle was ineffective and eventually perished.
3. In terms of employment:
Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu is magnanimous and magnanimous. He recommended Lu Su and many other talents to Soochow, and he always spoke highly of them every time he recommended them. His talents are ten times his own. And before every battle, Zhou Yu would make comprehensive plans, brainstorm ideas, and listen to the opinions of his subordinates. This habit has achieved good results in battles such as the Battle of Chibi. This is similar to Cao Cao's good use of people and his preference to listen to the opinions of his subordinates. Give 8 points.
Zhuge Liang: Zhuge Liang was only cautious in his life, whether in war or in employing people. He monopolized power, did everything personally, and never relied on others. Although he was diligent, he lacked the wisdom of overall strategy and was not good at employing people. and the talent of managing talents, which led to the decline of talents in Shu. Later, there was a situation where "there were no generals in Shu, and Miao Hua became the vanguard." The wrong use of Ma Su led to the failure of the Northern Expedition, but it was found that Jiang Wei could counteract it. One shortcoming was that during the Northern Expedition, Wei Yan's Ziwu Valley surprise attack strategy was not adopted, but a head-on frontal combat strategy was adopted to fight a war of attrition against the powerful Wei State. This was later proven to be a complete misstep.
4. In terms of character and loyalty:
Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu and Sun Ce are closely related to each other internally, and externally they have the righteousness of monarch and minister. They fought for many years to lay the foundation of Jiangdong for Soochow and made great contributions. After Sun Ce's death, young Sun Quan ascended the throne, and people in Soochow were floating. Zhou Yu returned with his troops. Although he had military power, he saw that everyone was slow to perform courtesy to Sun Quan, so he took the lead in performing courtesy as a monarch and minister, supported Sun Quan, and stabilized Sun Quan's status. Later, he traveled around in order to expand the territory of Soochow, and finally died of fatigue and injuries during the expedition, which shows his unswerving loyalty to Soochow until death.
Zhuge Liang: The late master passed away due to illness, and he said to Liang: "Your talent is ten times that of Cao Pi, and you will definitely be able to secure the country and resolve major events. If your heir can assist you, assist him; if he is not talented, you can take care of yourself." Although Zhuge Liang later took over the power, he did not rebel and usurp the throne like the Sima family of Cao Wei. Instead, like Zhou Yu, he died loyal to the country, which shows his loyalty.
5. Political vision:
Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu is open-minded, has the world in mind, is bolder than others, is not afraid of power, and often has the ambition to compete for the world for Soochow. The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms records: After Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, his military power grew stronger. In the seventh year of Jian'an, he issued a letter ordering Sun Quan to send his son as a hostage. Sun Quan called a meeting of ministers, but Zhang Zhao, Qin Song and others hesitated to make a decision. Zhou Yu said: "The people in the six counties in Jiangdong have many soldiers and well-prepared food, and the soldiers are dedicated to their lives and are invincible. Why is it necessary to send hostages? Once the hostages are in, they have to If you obey Cao Cao, you have to go and be controlled by others.
But the benefits are only one marquis seal, more than ten servants, many chariots, and many horses. How can it be compared with being alone in the south? Send, Xu observes the changes. If the Cao family can lead the way to rectify the world, it will not be too late for the military. If the plan is a riot, the army will be like a fire, and the general will burn himself to wait for the destiny. !" These words were very tough and courageous, and the analysis of the political situation of Sun and Cao at that time was also accurate. Sun Quan listened to Zhou Yu's words and did not send the hostages.
Cao Cao was resentful, and a few years later he sent his army to invade Soochow. This time, Zhou Yu and Lu Su opposed all opinions and advocated fighting. Zhou Yu also provided Sun Quan with an incisive analysis of the weakness of Cao's army and the inevitable consequences of our army. The reason for victory strengthened Sun Quan's determination to resist Cao Cao. Zhou Yu finally defeated Cao's army with less and defeated Cao's army at Chibi. The Battle of Chibi also ended with Sun Wu's victory and Cao Cao's defeat. Zhou Yu fulfilled his promise with his outstanding political courage and excellent military talent and laid the foundation of Soochow.
Zhuge Liang: Zhuge Liang’s Longzhong correspondence is a strategy, which has been analyzed together with Zhou Yu’s strategy. In terms of political vision, choosing the leader is a good manifestation of political vision. Kong Ming's choice of Liu Bei instead of Sun Quan or Cao Cao was obviously a very correct political choice. After that, they allied with Wu to fight Cao Cao, and then allied with Wu after the Eastern Expedition. These were both very correct political choices.
6. In terms of magnanimity:
Zhou Yu: Although the Romance of the Three Kingdoms portrays Zhou Yu as a narrow-minded villain in order to beautify Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu in the official history is magnanimous and broad-minded. Vast, Pei Zhu of the Three Kingdoms said: "(Zhao) Pu...several mausoleums insulted Yu. Yu folded his knots to accommodate him, but finally refused to be with the school. After Pu respected him sincerely, he told others: 'If you have friends with Zhou Gongjin, Drinking mellow wine will make you drunk. 'People at that time were so humble and humble.' And contemporaries also spoke highly of him. 'Civil and military planning is the hero of ten thousand people. , "Build the power of being arbitrary and stand out from others" and so on.
Zhuge Liang: Chen Shou commented in "Three Kingdoms": "There are few talents who can escape the crowd and are the tools of heroic domination.
"However, there is no example of his particularly broad-mindedness in the Three Kingdoms. In the historical circles, there are still disputes about why Li Yan, the Tuogu minister, was deposed, and whether Zhuge Liang rejected dissidents and monopolized power. There are different opinions. Some people evaluate Zhuge Liang as a harmonious person. I personally believe that Huo Guang is an "upright and powerful minister". From this aspect, Zhuge Liang's magnanimity is quite inferior to Zhou Yu's.
Extended information:
Zhou Yu (175). -210), named Gongjin, was born in Shu County, Lujiang (now Shu County, Hefei City, Anhui Province). He was a famous general in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He was the son of Zhou Yi, the commander of Luoyang, his grandfather Zhou Jing, and his uncle Zhou Zhong, who were both officers to the rank of Taiwei. He has a strong body, good looks, and good music. There is a saying in Jiangdong that "if the song is wrong, Zhou Lang will take care of it." Zhou Yu had a good relationship with Sun Ce. At the age of 21, he followed Sun Ce to the battlefield to pacify Jiangdong. Sun Quan succeeded him, and Zhou Yu sent his troops to the battlefield. In the 13th year of Jian'an (208), Zhou Yu led his army to join forces with Liu Bei and defeated Cao's army in the Battle of Chibi. It laid the foundation for the "three-part world". In the 14th year of Jian'an (209 years), he became the governor of Nanjun. He died of illness in Baqiu in the 15th year of Jian'an (210 years), and he was only 36 years old. "Du Huikuo" is "a real genius", Sun Quan praised Zhou Yu for having "the qualifications of a king", and Fan Cheng praised him as "a heroic man in the world, a romantic and beautiful husband on the left of the Yangtze River". During the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, he was honored as a Ping Lupp. Ranked among the sixty-four generals in the Wumiao Temple of the Tang Dynasty and one of the seventy-two generals in the Wumiao Temple of the Song Dynasty.
Zhuge Liang (181 AD - October 8, 234), named Kongming, also known as Wolong, was in the capital of Langya, Xuzhou (today's). A native of Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong Province, he was the prime minister of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period. He was an outstanding politician, strategist, diplomat, writer, calligrapher, and inventor. He followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan to Jingzhou in his early years. After Zhuge Xuan's death, Zhuge Liang came to Jingzhou. He lived in seclusion in Longzhong, Xiangyang. Later, Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage to invite Zhuge Liang and joined forces with Sun Yat-sen to fight Cao's army. They defeated Cao's army in the Battle of Chibi and captured Jingzhou in the 16th year of Jian'an (211). After defeating Cao Jun, he captured Hanzhong.
In the first year of Shu Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei established the Shu Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed prime minister to preside over the government. Liu Chan, the queen of Shu, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was granted the title. As the Marquis of Wuxiang, he led the herdsman of Yizhou. He was diligent and cautious, handled all political affairs personally, and strictly enforced rewards and punishments. He allied with Soochow to improve relations with all ethnic groups in the southwest. He implemented the policy of farming and strengthened war preparations.
Before and after. Six expeditions to the Central Plains were unsuccessful, and he eventually became ill due to overwork and died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi) in the 12th year of Shu Jianxing's reign. Liu Chan posthumously named him Zhongwu. Later generations often honored Zhuge Liang as the Marquis of Wu. The Eastern Jin Dynasty named him King Wuxing because of his military ability. , called Zhuge Liannu, can fire ten arrows with one crossbow. Zhuge Liang "dedicated his life to death" and is a representative figure of loyal ministers and wise men in traditional Chinese culture.