The Xun family in Yingchuan is one of the typical representatives of the gentry from the end of Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty. It experienced the whole period from the end of the Han Dynasty to the late Wei and Jin Dynasties, declined after the southern crossing of the Jin Dynasty, and finally died out in the Southern Dynasty. From the Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, there were hundreds of historical books and many politicians. Each generation participated in the establishment and development of Cao Wei, Western Jin and Eastern Jin to varying degrees. Married officials are either royalty or other aristocratic families, and they are well-deserved nobles.
First, the post-Han period
In the post-Han generation, the Haozu gradually developed, and began to master the official career (recommendation, official and protege), monopolize the culture (heirloom), control the village (gathering the clan, manor economy and shade), and gradually eroded the imperial power. The Xun family in Yingchuan is a noble family developed in the post-Han period, and the founder of the family development is Xun Shu. Xun Shu is a well-known celebrity in Yingchuan area and even the whole country. Xun Shu is famous for his close communication with party member.
At the end of the post-Han Dynasty, scholars made frequent friends, and formed a group, namely party member, with the medium of region and teacher inheritance. The core of party member is "three kings", "eight kings", "eight records", "eight aunts" and "eight chefs". Chen Fan, Mars and Wang Chang, among the top three, are all students of Xun Shu. These people are leaders of the Party, and Uncle Xun, as their teacher, is naturally famous.
Faced with the erosion of the gentry, the imperial power chose two dependencies, consorts and eunuchs. After Xun Yu became an official, he was expelled from the court for satirizing the general's spouse Liang Ji. Then Emperor Huan wiped out Liang's family with the help of eunuchs, and resumed the eunuch autocracy. Scholars don't like consorts, let alone eunuchs, especially because they hinder their normal official career. Fierce conflicts broke out between the two sides, which eventually led to the disaster of the first party struggle and ended in a large number of party member being imprisoned for life.
After the disaster of the first party's occlusion, Xun Shu thought that "heaven and earth are close, adults stop, and wise people abandon it when they see danger" and should "relax their minds and let it sink and keep pace with the times". Uncle Xun was disappointed with the status quo and decided to save the family. However, during the period when Dou Wu, the general's consort, assisted the government, the contradiction between scholars and eunuchs intensified again, and the second party struggle disaster broke out. This time, it ended in bloody killing. The Xun family in Yingchuan (also one of the eight handsome men) was killed, and Xun Yu was imprisoned for life.
After several twists and turns in the Xun family in Yingchuan, their children began to concentrate on their studies and study Confucianism. Xun Yu's eight sons are called Eight Dragons. Among the eight sons, Xun Yu once conquered Zhou Yu's grandfather and finally became an official in Jinan. Jing Xun has outstanding moral character, abides by Confucianism, and is not an official for life, which is valued by Xu Shao; The most famous is Xun Shuang. Xun Shuang once rejected the recommendation of Sikong Yuanfeng, but after his death, Yuanfeng kept filial piety for three years, and was respected by everyone in the world (Yuanfeng, the father of Yuan Shao, and Yuan Shu, a top family of Runan in the later Han Dynasty). When the Yellow turban insurrectionary broke out, Xun Shuang was founded by Wang Yun of Taiyuan, and was recruited by the concubine of general He Jin after his demobilization, but He Jin died instantly at the hands of eunuchs. When a person named Dong entered North Korea, Xun Shuang rose from a humble person to an ordinary person in less than one hundred days. He rescued Hongnong and Yingchuan Chen Ji in the case of Dong's move to the capital. After moving to the capital, he and Wang Yun murdered a Dong and died in a few days.
The Xun family in Yingchuan, from the inheritance of Xun Shu to Xun Shuang, ranks third. At this time, the family status has been established, marking the transformation of the Xun family in Yingchuan from a local aristocratic family to a central gentry. The rise of the Xun family in Yingchuan depends firstly on the existence of a world celebrity with superior virtue and worldwide reputation, secondly on the prosperity of the family and the inheritance of family knowledge, and finally some people reached the top of Taige.
Two. three kingdoms period
Since Master Dong entered Beijing, the world has been in chaos. Xun Yu's son Yu Xun thought that the land of Yingchuan in World War IV was not suitable for living in troubled times, so his family moved to Jizhou. Jizhou pastoral Han Fu, Yingchuan Han. Yu Xun's younger brother Chen Xun persuaded Han Fu to give Jizhou to Yuan Shao, which became the beginning of Yuan Benchu's career. Yuan Shao treats the Xun brothers as guests, and Chen Xun is the master. However, Yu Xun thought that Yuan Shao could not achieve great things, so he left Chen Xun and defected to Cao Cao.
This choice of Xun family in Yingchuan not only laid the foundation for the future family development, but also brought immeasurable and great effect to Cao Cao Group, which is in a weak position. Yu Xun has been guarding the rear of Cao Cao all the year round, "focusing on the central government for more than ten years", laying a solid foundation, breaking Lu Bu, establishing Yan Xu, welcoming the Han emperor and pingyuan Shao, with outstanding achievements; It is more important to recommend talents. "Before and after the promotion, the world is a big talent, while Xun You, Zhong You and Chen Qun are in Could, Sima Xuan is in the sea, and the famous stars, Hua Xin, Wang Lang, Xun Yue, Du, Xin Pi and Zhao Yanyan are all surprised, and eventually, more than a dozen people. The draft is not a slap in the face. Actor, Guo Jia, etc. There are negative customs and Du Jipu's arrogance, all in the name of wisdom. " Xun You was Cao Cao's master, and Cao Cao called it "no sign, no obedience, invincible before and after, each with a plan", and Zhang Xiu, Lu Bu, Yuan Shao, Hebei and Xun You were all involved. It is said that * * * has made twelve proposals. Yu Xun's brother Xun Yan, guarding Yecheng, is the commander-in-chief of Hebei; My cousin Xun Yue is an assistant and is in charge of confidential information.
Xun's family in Yingchuan was the first scholar in Cao Cao Group, and had a great influence. It is inextricably linked with Chen in Yingchuan, Zhong in Yingchuan and Sima in Hanoi. , making its power in charge of the army is second only to Xia Houdun. In the unstable situation, Xunshi in Yingchuan was good at improvising and supported Yuan Shao and Cao Cao by two factions until the battle of Guandu. Yu Xun opposed Cao Cao Jin's conferring Gong Wei, but Xun You took the lead in persuading him. Through different choices within the family, the coordinated development of the family is ensured and the risk of clan collapse is reduced.
Three. Wei and Jin dynasties
The Xun family in Yingchuan is a famous family in the late Han Dynasty, with a high social reputation, and is a Confucian heirloom and a leader of the gentry. Cao Zhi's Yan Shu Hou represents the poverty and weakness of Legalists, which is also the root of the ideal conflict between Cao Cao and Yu Xun. However, in order to upgrade to Wei Wendi, Cao Pi had to compromise with these aristocratic families, so Xunshi, as a political force, was preserved in Cao Pi's era, and his personal preference was extremely obvious. Although Yu Xun's son married Cao Cao's daughter, he had a close relationship with Cao Zhi and was deeply hated by Cao Pi. But Yu Xun Xun You is, after all, a scholar leader, and do is from his son-in-law Yingchuan Chen Qun, so the family has been succeeded by others, and its status has not declined.
The two emperors of Cao Rui, Cao Pi, both died short-lived and young, and never lived in Hanoi, Sima Yi. Sima Yi, one of Cao Pi's four friends, rejected Zhuge in the west and destroyed Gongsun in the north, with outstanding military achievements. During the change of the imperial power of Gao Ping Ling, Sima Yi and Cao Wei, Chen Tai and Xun Yu chose to support Sima Yi without hesitation. Xun Yu, the sixth son of Yu Xun, was appreciated by her brother-in-law Chen Qun in his early years, and was later praised as "the son of Xun Lingjun" by Sima Yi. After Jia Chong killed the nobles, he assisted Si Mazhao and was loyal to the Sima family. So in the end, during the Wei-Jin Zen, I was lucky enough to "assist my life" and move to the three fairs. After his death, Sima Yan mourned for him, and the Crown Prince personally mourned for him. This kind of attention is very important to maintain the position of Xunshi in Yingchuan.
Another representative of the Xun family in Yingchuan is Xun Shuang's great-grandson Xun Xu. He grew up in his uncle's house, which is Yingchuan Zhong's house. He was originally founded by Cao Shuang. After Cao Shuang's death, no one dared to offer condolences, only Xun Xu went. Later, he was taken as a confidant by Si Mazhao, who was in charge of confidential information for more than 20 years, and became his master. Even when Zhong Hui rebelled, he still did not reduce his trust in him. He also relied on Xun Xu's previous suggestion and took Wei Guan as the supervisor to quell the rebellion of Zhong Hui. In addition, there is Xun Kai, the great-grandson of Yu Xun, whose grandfather is Sima Yi, and Sima Yan, the cousin of Emperor Wu, who also has a temporary weight.
In this period, the Xun family in Yingchuan was no longer as noble as Xun Er in the Three Kingdoms period of the later Han Dynasty, but often did authoritarian things for power. For example, Xun Yu was attached to Jia Chong, Xunkai insisted on supporting Sima Yan's son Sima Zhong, Xun Yu rejected Wang Qi and Sima You, transferred Zhang Hua, and hated yang hu. At this time, although the Xun family in Yingchuan did not completely abandon the tradition of family studies, they still had high attainments in literature and art and made great achievements in politics, but their moral integrity had already deteriorated.
The Wei and Jin Dynasties were the heyday of Xun family in Yingchuan, and there were more than 40 people recorded in historical books, including five first-class people and thirteen third-class people. The prosperity of Xun family in Yingchuan benefited from the change of system and Jiupin Gaopingling, and its own factors were also very important. One is the outstanding contribution of Yu Xun and Xun You to Cao Wei, and the other is the marriage between Cao Wei and the royal family and their flexible political attitude in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Third, the family has fallen, relying on clans, in-laws and old friends to support each other.
Four. Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties
After the Eight Kings Rebellion, Wang Langya helped Si Marui in Jiangzuo and established the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xun's descendants and Sima's family are old friends, and Xun's group once "moved to persuade them to enter", so it is still reused after crossing the river. Xun Xun's son and his party once went to Si Tuleideng to record this history. However, it was the government, not the royal family, that went out at that time. Loyalty to Sima's royal family can't actually improve Xun's position in Yingchuan.
However, after all, the Xun family in Yingchuan was an old family in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and its family status was not lower than that of Wang Langya and Pei Hedong. If time permits, it may not be restored, because the core of the rule of the Eastern Jin Dynasty is the surname of overseas Chinese. However, shortly after crossing the river, members of the Xun family in Yingchuan died one after another, and their family power and vitality were greatly damaged. When Yu Xun VI envied Sun Xun, he finally got a turn for the better. Seeking immortals and advocating "small ambition" is still a princess, and has made many military achievements. At the age of 28, Xu Yanzhi was the youngest person since the founding of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. "Zhongxing Fangbo is not respected as Xunxian." You know, at that time, "Fangbo was more important than Xu Jing", and it was Fu Huan who stabbed Jingzhou in the upstream and raised the family to a new level. However, Xun Xian suddenly fell ill and died young. Since then, Xun Shi has declined.
After crossing the river, the Xun family in Yingchuan obviously showed a downward trend. A direct reason is the loss of a large number of family members, wandering children, scattered lineage, unable to maintain official positions, and finally disappeared in the Southern Dynasties.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
The Xun family in Yingchuan originated in the late Han Dynasty and disappeared in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties. He was a medieval gentry with high cultural accomplishment and considerable influence on history. Xun Shu's erudition is the king of gods, Xun Shuang's peerless master of Confucianism, Xun Yi's system of rites and music, Xun Xu's initiative in book classification and the independence of calligraphy as an art, etc. , are the cultural contributions of the Xun family in Yingchuan. Politically, early Yingchuan Xun's Confucianism is a family heirloom and very upright. It fought against consorts and eunuchs with party member. Yu Xun and Xun You advised Cao Cao, stabilized the rear, recommended talents and unified the North. Corruption began in the middle period. Xun Yu's "no-quality direct operation", Xun Xu was in charge of politics, crowding out political enemies, and Xun Kai was in a high position and did nothing; In the later period, Xunxian tried to make a comeback with his military achievements, but unfortunately he died young and could do nothing.