It is divided into figure painting, flower and bird painting, and landscape painting.
1. Figure painting
Figure painting, referred to as "figure", is a major painting subject in Chinese painting. It appeared earlier than landscape painting, flower and bird painting, etc.; it can be roughly divided into Taoist and Buddhist paintings. Paintings, paintings of ladies, portraits, genre paintings, historical story paintings, etc.
Figure painting strives to portray the personality of the characters realistically and vividly, with vivid charm and both form and spirit. His expressive method often embodies the character's character in the rendering of the environment, atmosphere, figure and dynamics.
Therefore, figure painting is also called "expressive" in Chinese painting theory. Famous figure paintings in the past dynasties include the "Ode to the Goddess of the Luo River" by Gu Kaizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the "Han Xizai Night Banquet" by Gu Hongzhong of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, the "Statue of Vimalakirti" by Li Gonglin of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the "Picture of Picking Wei" by Li Tang of the Southern Song Dynasty.
2. Flower-and-bird painting
Flower-and-bird painting is a type of Chinese painting that depicts flowers, birds, insects, etc. In Chinese paintings, any painting that depicts flowers, flowers, birds, fish and insects is called flower-and-bird painting. There are three painting methods in flower and bird painting: "meticulous brushwork", "freehand brushwork" and "part-time writing".
Gongbi flower-and-bird painting uses thick and light ink to outline objects, and then colors are layered in different shades; freehand flower-and-bird painting uses concise and general techniques to draw objects; those between meticulous and freehand brushwork are called combined Written with work tape, the shape is lifelike.
3. Landscape painting
Landscape painting, referred to as "landscape". A type of Chinese painting. Paintings that mainly depict the natural scenery of mountains and rivers. It has gradually developed in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, but it is still attached to figure paintings and mostly used as background.
The Sui and Tang Dynasties became independent, such as Zhan Ziqian’s color landscapes, Li Sixun’s golden landscapes, Wang Wei’s ink landscapes, Wang Qia’s splash-ink landscapes, etc.
Landscape painting flourished in the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty, with numerous authors such as Jing Hao, Guan Tong, Li Cheng, Dong Yuan, Ju Ran, Fan Kuan, Xu Daoning, Yan Wengui, Song Di, Wang Shen, Mi Fu, Mi The ink landscapes of Youren and the green landscapes of Wang Ximeng, Zhao Boju and Zhao Bosu compete with each other in the north and south, reaching their peak. Since then it has become a major painting discipline in Chinese painting.
Landscape paintings in the Yuan Dynasty tended to be freehand, using virtuality to bring reality, focusing on the charm of pen and ink, and creating a new style. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties and into modern times, there was continued development and new looks. The performance pays attention to the business location and expression of artistic conception. The traditional classification methods include ink, green, gold, boneless, light crimson, light color and other forms.
Extended information:
1. Gu Kaizhi, a famous figure painter:
Gu Kaizhi (348-409), with the courtesy name Changkang and the small character Tiger Head, Han nationality , a native of Wuxi, Jinling (now Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province). Outstanding painter, painting theorist and poet. Gu Kaizhi was erudite and talented, good at poetry, calligraphy, and especially painting.
He was good at portraits, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. People at that time called him the three masters: painting, writing and infatuation. Xie An attached great importance to it, thinking that it had never happened before. Gu Kaizhi, Cao Buxing, Lu Tanwei, and Zhang Sengyao were collectively known as the "Four Great Masters of the Six Dynasties".
Gu Kaizhi's paintings were intended to express the spirit. His arguments such as "imagination is wonderful" and "describing spirit with form" laid the foundation for the development of traditional Chinese painting.
2. Xue Ji, a famous painter of flower and bird paintings:
Xue Ji (649-713), courtesy name Sitong, was born in Fenyin, Puzhou (now Wanrong County, Shanxi). Minister, calligrapher and painter of the Tang Dynasty. The great-grandson of Xue Daoheng, the minister of internal history of the Sui Dynasty, and the nephew of Xue Yuanchao, the secretary of the Central Committee.
He once served as Huangmen's Minister, Counselor of Machinery Affairs, Prince Shaobao, Minister of Rites, etc., and was granted the title of Duke of Jin Dynasty. After Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty came to the throne, Princess Taiping, Dou Huaizhen and others plotted a coup. Xue Ji was sentenced to death in prison at the age of sixty-five because he did not report the incident. ?
Gong calligraphy was taught by Yu Shinan, and he was one of the four great calligraphers of the early Tang Dynasty along with Chu Suiliang, Ouyang Xun and Yu Shinan. He is good at painting, specializing in figures, Buddha statues, trees, rocks, flowers and birds, especially cranes, and can accurately and vividly express the appearance and expression of cranes. No works have been handed down.
3. Famous Landscape Painter-Wang Ximeng
Wang Ximeng (1096-1119 [according to legend]), a famous painter in the late Northern Song Dynasty, can be called the only painter in the history of Chinese painting. A talented young man who is famous for his paintings. However, there is no record of him in the history books.
Wang Ximeng entered the palace as a "painting student" when he was in his teens. He had a unique insight and believed that "its nature can be taught", so he personally taught him the method. After Zhao Ji personally taught him the brush and ink techniques, he improved his skills and his paintings surpassed the standard.
In April of the third year of Huizong Zhenghe's reign (1113), Wang Ximeng spent half a year and finally painted the masterpiece "Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains", which will be famous throughout the ages. He was only 18 years old at the time. ?
Baidu Encyclopedia - Chinese Painting