Complete Poem of Plum Blossoms in the Corner
"Plum Blossoms"
Author: Wang Anshi
Original text:
Corner Ling Han bloomed several plum blossoms alone.
I know it’s not snow from a distance, because there is a faint fragrance coming.
Notes:
1. Ling Han: Braving the severe cold.
2. Yao: far away.
3. Because: because.
4. Dark fragrance: refers to the fragrance of plum blossoms.
Poetic:
There are a few plum blossoms blooming alone in the corner despite the severe cold. Why do you know from a distance that the white plum blossoms are not snow? That's because there is a faint fragrance of plum blossoms.
Appreciation:
Among the ancient poems about plum blossoms, one is quite famous, that is "Little Plum Blossoms in the Mountain Garden" written by Lin Bu, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty who was before the author. In particular, the two lines in the poem about sparse shadows slanting across the clear water and the faint fragrance floating in the moonlight at dusk have been praised as the swan song of plum blossoms. Lin Bu never served as an official, never married or had children. He lived alone on the slopes of Gushan Mountain by the West Lake, growing plums and raising cranes, and lived a secluded life. Therefore, his poems about plum blossoms only express his self-righteous thoughts that are divorced from social reality. The author's poem is different. He cleverly borrowed Lin Bu's poems and was able to innovate. Look at the plum blossoms he wrote, as white as snow, growing in the corner but not inferior, exuding fragrance from afar. By admiring the noble character of plum blossoms that are not afraid of severe cold, the poet uses snow to describe the purity of plum blossoms, and uses the dark fragrance to point out that plum blossoms are better than snow, which illustrates the great charm of a strong and noble personality. In the extremely complex and difficult situation of the Northern Song Dynasty, the author actively reformed but received no support. His lonely mentality and difficult situation are naturally similar to plum blossoms. This little poem has profound meaning, and its sentences are very simple and natural, without any trace of elaboration. A branch of red apricot came out of the wall, the whole poem
A branch of red apricot came out of the wall, the whole poem
"A visit to the garden is not worth it"
Author: Ye Shaoweng
< p> Original text:Ying Lian's teeth are imprinted with green moss, and the door of the small buckle firewood cannot be opened for a long time.
The garden is full of spring scenery and can’t be closed, and a branch of red apricot comes out of the wall.
Notes:
1. Not worth visiting the park: I didn’t meet the owner when I visited the park. In ancient times, garden tours were private gardens, which were different from the parks of later generations. This means that there is no tour in the park.
2. should: should.
4. Teeth: clogs (an ancient wooden shoe with horizontal wooden teeth on the sole. The serrations on the bottom can prevent slipping.)
3. pity: cherish, pity: this The word here is not pity, pity, but love.
5. Green moss: green moss.
6. Small button: knock gently.
7. Chai Fei: Chai Men.
Poetic:
Perhaps the garden owner was worried that my clogs would trample the moss he cherished, so he knocked lightly on the firewood door, but no one came to open it for a long time. But after all, the spring scenery in the garden cannot be contained. Look, there is a pink apricot flower sticking out of the wall.
Appreciation:
This poem was written roughly in February in the south of the Yangtze River, when the clouds were clear, the wind was gentle, and the sun was shining brightly. The poet took the opportunity to come to the door of a small garden and wanted to see the flowers and trees in the garden. He knocked lightly on the firewood door a few times, but there was no response; he knocked a few more times, but still no one answered. The poet guessed that he was afraid that the moss in the garden would be trampled by others, so he closed the door and thanked guests. The poet was thinking and wandering outside the garden, feeling very disappointed. When he was helpless and about to leave, he looked up and suddenly saw a branch of blooming red apricot blossom sticking out of the wall. The garden is full of spring scenery, and a branch of red apricot comes out of the wall. From a blooming red apricot blossom, the poet appreciated the lively spring scenery in the garden and felt the gorgeous spring light in the sky. It was finally a worthwhile trip.
From a poetic point of view, there is moss growing in front of the door, which shows the secludedness of this garden, and the owner is not at home. He knocked on the door for a long time, but no one answered, and it is even more deserted. However, Hongxing came out of the wall, and still Revealing the beauty of the garden. Writing prosperity out of silence makes people feel an unexpected joy.
This poem has many advantages in writing.
The first is to write about spring scenes and capture the characteristics and highlight the key points. Lu You's "Immediately Composing" says: The rain in Xiaomo has just begun to fall in the plain Ming Dynasty, and green mist floats through the clouds in the light day. The willows are not covering the spring scenery, and a branch of red apricot sticks out of the wall. Using the golden yellow and tender green of willows to set off the gorgeous red apricots can be said to be good at highlighting key points. Ye Shaoweng's poem should be derived from Lu You's poem. He uses one word to personify the red apricot, which captures the characteristics of the spring scene and highlights the key points.
The second is to use less to make more, implicitly and implicitly. For example, a branch of red apricot is a concrete and concentrated expression of the spring scenery in the garden, and a branch of red apricot represents the flowers on the wall.
The third is that there are emotions in the scenery and people in the poems, and they are beautiful emotions and noble people. Although the door is set up, it is always closed, and the small door is not opened for a long time. It is obvious that the person is lazy in socializing and has no intention of making money. Although the door is always closed, the spring scenery of the garden overflows outside the wall. The people there are happy and natural, rich and handsome, and even more touching.
The fourth is that the scenery not only contains emotions, but also contains logic, which can arouse many associations and thus provide people with philosophical enlightenment and spiritual inspiration. The garden is full of spring scenery, and a branch of red apricot comes out of the wall. In such a period of time, the spring scenery breaks through the wall and overflows outside the garden, showing a vigorous and unblockable vitality. Later generations endowed these two poems with the philosophy of life: new things will definitely break through difficulties, stand out, and develop vigorously. These two poems also gained new life and have been circulated endlessly. The complete poem of Shuidiao Getou
The complete poem of Shuidiao Getou
"When will the bright moon appear in Shuidiao Getou"
Author: Su Shi
< p> Original text:On the occasion of the Mid-Autumn Festival in Bingchen, I was drunk until the end of the year, so I wrote this article because I was pregnant with my son.
When will the bright moon come? Ask the sky for wine.
I wonder what year it is today in the palace in the sky?
I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid of the beautiful buildings and jade buildings.
It is too cold at high places.
Dance and clear the shadow, how does it feel like you are in the human world!
Turning to the Zhu Pavilion, the Qihu is low, and the light is sleepless.
There shouldn’t be any hatred, so what’s the point of saying goodbye?
People have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes.
This is a difficult thing to do in ancient times.
I wish you a long life and a long life.
Notes:
1. Bingchen: refers to 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty). In this year, Su Shi served as the prefect of Mizhou (now Zhucheng City, Shandong Province).
2. Dadan: Until dawn.
3. Ziyou: the name of Su Zhe, Su Shi’s younger brother.
4. Hold the wine: Pick up the wine glass. Hold, hold, hold.
5. Heavenly Palace (qu): refers to the palace in the middle of the moon. Que, the stone platform behind the ancient city wall.
6. Go back: go back to heaven
7. Qiong (qing) building Yuyu: a building made of beautiful jade, referring to the imaginary fairy palace.
8. Invincible (shng, pronounced shēng in the old days): unable to withstand. Win: bear, endure.
9. Make clear the shadow: It means that the figure under the moonlight also makes various dancing postures. Nong: enjoy playing.
10. He is like: He is like, how can it be compared.
11. Turning around the Zhu Pavilion, looking down at the Qi (qǐ) door, illuminating the sleepless people: The moon moved, turning around the vermilion pavilion, hanging low on the carved windows, illuminating the sleepless people. (Referring to the poet himself). Zhu Pavilion: A gorgeous vermilion pavilion. Kito: Doors and windows with ornate carvings.
12. There should be no hatred, why should it be long (chng) to be rounded when we say goodbye: (Yueer) shouldn't have any resentment (toward people), why should it be rounded when people are separated? What: Why.
13. This matter: refers to the joy of people and the roundness of the moon.
14. But: only.
15. Qianli ***Chan (chn) Juan (juān): I just hope that the two of you will be safe every year. Even though they are thousands of miles apart, they can still enjoy the beautiful moonlight together. ***: Let’s enjoy it together. Chanjuan: refers to the moon.
Poetry:
On the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Bingchen year, I drank happily until the next morning. I got drunk and wrote this poem. At the same time, I missed my younger brother Su Che.
When did the bright moon begin to appear? I picked up my wine glass and asked the sky. I don’t know what year or month it is tonight in the palace in the sky. I want to ride the cool breeze back to the sky, but I'm afraid I can't stand the cold for nine days in a building made of beautiful jade. Dancing gracefully and admiring the clear shadows under the moon, nothing compares to the human world.
The moon turned around the vermilion pavilion and hung low on the carved windows, illuminating myself who was not sleepy. The bright moon shouldn't have any resentment towards people. Why does it become full only when people leave? People undergo changes in joys and sorrows, and the moon undergoes changes in waxing and waning. This kind of thing has been difficult to fully understand since ancient times. I just hope that all the relatives in this world can be safe and healthy, and can enjoy this beautiful moonlight even if they are thousands of miles apart.
Appreciation:
This word is written to look at the moon and cherish people during the Mid-Autumn Festival, expressing the infinite memory of my brother Su Che. The poet uses image description techniques to outline an atmosphere of a bright moon in the sky, with relatives thousands of miles away, and loneliness, which reflects the fusion of his own mood of independence and the myths and legends of the past. In the waxing and waning of the moon, it permeates With a strong philosophical meaning, it can be said to be a lamentation work that highly integrates nature and society.
The small preface before the poem says: On the Mid-Autumn Festival in Bingchen, I drank happily till the end of the day and got very drunk. I wrote this article because I was pregnant with my son. Bingchen is 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty). At that time, Su Shi was the governor of Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong). On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, he drank while admiring the moon until dawn, so he composed the song "Shui Diao Ge Tou". Throughout his life, Su Shi focused on admiring Confucianism and paying attention to practice. But he was also fond of Taoism. After middle age, he once said that he had converted to Buddhism and monks, and he was often involved in the entanglement of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Whenever he is frustrated and frustrated, the thoughts of Lao and Zhuang rise to help him explain his confusion about how to advance and retreat. In 1071 AD (the fourth year of Xining), he promoted officials from Kaifeng Prefecture to pass judgment on Hangzhou in order to avoid the whirlpool of political disputes in Bianjing. In 1074 AD (the seventh year of Xining), Mizhou was transferred to the imperial capital. Although it was voluntary, it was still in a position of being ignored. Even though he had a better appearance and showed some broad-mindedness at that time, it was difficult to hide the deep anger in his heart. This Mid-Autumn Festival poem is the sublimation and summary of this dangerous experience in the official career. Being drunk and pregnant is the main thing, and pregnant with children is the assistant. For the author who always upholds the integrity of respecting the Lord and the people, the separation of siblings and personal relationships are, after all, secondary ethical loads compared to the country's worries about the country's borders. This point is deeply hinted at in the title preface.
The image of the moon concentrates the infinitely beautiful longings and ideals of human beings. Su Shi was a writer with a bold personality and romantic temperament. When he looked up at the bright moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival, his thoughts and emotions seemed to have grown wings and soared freely in heaven and earth. Reflected in the words, a bold and free and easy style was formed.
The upper part of this poem is about looking at the moon. It is full of joy, excitement, and confusion, but it is also down-to-earth, elegant and noble. Let me ask a question at the beginning: When did the bright moon start to appear, and when did the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. The detail of "asking wine to the sky" is similar to Qu Yuan's "Wen Tian" and Li Bai's "asking wine to the moon". The obsessiveness of asking questions and the distractions of thoughts do indeed have a similar essence, energy, and spirit concentrated in them. In terms of creative motivation, the majestic poetry of Qu Yuan's "Tian Wen", which contains more than 170 questions, came from his wandering in the mountains and rivers, experiencing the mausoleums and land after his exile, and looking up at the pictures of heaven, earth, mountains, rivers, gods, and ancient gods in the temple of the ancestors of Chu and the ancestral hall of Gongqing. The sages and monsters ask questions after they have done something (Wang Yi's "Preface to the Heavenly Questions of Chapters and Sentences of Chu Ci"). It is the product of situational contact and excitement. The self-note of Li Bai's poem "Pursing Wine and Asking the Moon" is: My old friend Jia Chun ordered me to ask about it. It must also be an improvisational piece of nostalgia. As mentioned in the preface, Su Shi's poem is a rhapsody about looking at the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying the joy of drinking at the end of the night. It is also a work of hesitation (Wang Guowei's "Human Words"). They all have the characteristics of sudden appearance and bizarre questions. From a creative psychological point of view, before Qu Yuan entered the temple of the ancestors, he was already moaning Hao Min and sighing up to the sky (Wang Yi's "Preface to the Heavenly Questions on Songs of Chu Ci"). He was in a state of emotional ecstasy, so he asked the sky, as if Crazy is not crazy, but anger is extremely sad (Hu Junyuan's "New Notes on Chu Ci"). Li Bai only wished that when singing and drinking, the moonlight would always shine in the golden bottle ("Ask the Wine to the Moon"), and the exuberant mood of frustration and despair can also be heard. Su Shi wrote this poem in the Bingchen year, when he asked himself to be appointed to Mizhou because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. I was deeply concerned about the political situation of the imperial court, but also had a complicated mood of looking forward to returning to Bianjing. Therefore, it was the Mid-Autumn Festival, so I got drunk after one drink, and my mood was full of rhythm in the waning mood. The creative psychology of the three people is actually closely connected.
Su Shi regarded Qingtian as his friend and drank wine, which showed his bold character and extraordinary courage. Li Bai's poem "Asking Wine to the Moon" says: When will the moon come to the blue sky? I'll stop drinking and ask. However, Li Bai's tone here is more soothing, while Su Shi's tone is more concerned and urgent because he wants to fly to the Moon Palace. When will the bright moon appear? This question seems to be tracing the origin of the bright moon and the origin of the universe; it also seems to be marveling at the ingenuity of creation, from which we can feel the poet's praise and yearning for the bright moon.
The next two sentences: I don’t know what year it is today in the palace in the sky. It takes the admiration and yearning for the bright moon to a new level. The poet imagined that it must be a good day, so the moon was so round and bright. He really wanted to take a look, so he went on to say: I want to ride the wind back, but I am afraid that it will be too cold at high places. People in the Tang Dynasty called Li Bai the Exiled Immortal, while Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai the two Exiled Immortals. Su Shi himself also imagined that he was a man in the moon in his previous life, so he wanted to ride the wind and return. He wanted to take advantage of the wind and fly to the Moon Palace, but he was afraid that the towers and jade buildings there would be too high and he would not be able to withstand the cold there. Qionglou Yuyu, a quote from "The Supplementary Notes of the Great Cause": Qu Qianyou was playing with the moon on the bank of the river, or what is there in this? Qu Xiao said: "You can follow me and observe." I saw that the moon was half a day long, and the beautiful buildings and jade buildings were in ruins. It's too cold, secretly using an allusion from "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor": On the night of August 15th, Ye Jingneng invited the Emperor Ming to visit the Moon Palace. Before leaving, Ye asked him to wear leather clothes. When we arrived at the Moon Palace, it was indeed too cold to stand. These lines clearly describe the high cold of the moon palace, implying the brightness of the moonlight, and implicitly express the ambivalence of yearning for the sky and lingering on the earth. There are two words worth noting here, which are "return" that I want to ride on the wind to return. Maybe it's because Su Shi longed for the bright moon and had already regarded it as his destination. Judging from Su Shi's thoughts, he was deeply influenced by Taoism, held a detached attitude towards life, and liked Taoist health-preserving techniques, so he often had the idea of ????reborn and becoming an immortal. His "Qian Chibi Fu" describes the ethereal feeling when boating under the moonlight: It is as vast as Feng Xu riding the wind, but does not know where it stops; it is as fluttering as being left alone in the world, becoming immortal and ascending to immortality. It is also because of looking at the moon that I think of ascending to immortality, which can be corroborated with this poem. The reason why the poet has this fantasy of being separated from the world and transcending nature comes from his curiosity about the mysteries of the universe on the one hand, and more importantly, his dissatisfaction with the real world on the other hand. There are so many unsatisfactory and unsatisfactory things in the world, forcing the poet to imagine getting rid of this troubled world and living a free and easy life as a fairy in a beautiful palace. Su Shi was later demoted to Huangzhou, and he often had similar thoughts. The so-called boat passed away and the rivers and seas left him for the rest of his life. However, in the poem, this is just a plan. Before it can be unfolded, it is interrupted by another opposite thought: I am afraid that the high places will be too cold. These two sentences make a sharp turn. Although the palaces in the sky are magnificent and beautiful, the cold there is unbearable and one cannot stay there for a long time. The poet deliberately found out the flaws in heaven to strengthen his determination to stay on earth. One positive and one negative further reveals the poet's love for human life. At the same time, the Mid-Autumn Moonscape is still written here. Readers can appreciate the beauty of the moon and the coldness of the moonlight. This turning point expresses the poet's ambivalence of longing for the world and yearning for heaven. This kind of contradiction can more deeply explain the poet's thoughts and feelings of nostalgia for the world and love of life, and shows the poet's broad mind and far-reaching ambition, thus bringing a broad-minded style to the lyrics.
But after all, Su Shi loves life in the world more. When he dances to clear his shadow, it seems like he is in the world! Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, why not stay in the human world and dance under the moonlight? Clear shadow refers to one's clear figure under the moonlight. Dancing to clear the shadow means dancing and playing with one's own clear shadow. Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon" said: I sing about the wandering moon, and my dancing shadows are scattered. Su Shi's Qingqingying was born from here. Being cold at high places is not the fundamental reason for the author's reluctance to return. Dancing to understand the shadow and how it feels like to be in the human world is the fundamental reason. Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, it is better to stay in the human world, dance under the moonlight, and at least be with your own shadow. This poem starts from fantasizing about heaven, and then returns to loving the world. The ups and downs of Su Shi's emotions are shown in the opening and closing of the psychological turning point where I am both eager and afraid. He finally returned from hallucination to reality. In the conflict between being born in the world and joining the world, the thought of joining the world finally prevailed. There is no doubt that He Xi is in the world, and the vigorous writing power shows the intensity of emotion.
The next part is about cherishing people, that is, also cherishing children. It is associated with the full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival and the farewell in the world, and at the same time, I am grateful for the impermanence of separation and separation in life.
Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, look down at the Qihu, and the light will make you sleepless. This not only refers to the deep affection that I miss my younger brother, but also refers to all those who have passed away because they cannot be reunited with their loved ones during the Mid-Autumn Festival and have difficulty sleeping. Sleepless people generally refer to people who feel sad because they cannot be reunited with their loved ones, so that they cannot sleep. The poet unreasonably complained about Mingyue and said: Mingyue, you shouldn't have any resentment, right? Why does it always become round when people say goodbye? In comparison, the sorrow of being away from others is even greater. This is a complaint that Mingyue deliberately makes things difficult for others and adds sorrow to people. The unreasonable tone further highlights the poet's deep affection for his brother, but it also implicitly expresses sympathy for the unfortunate people who have left.
Then, the poet turned his pen and said some comforting words to excuse the bright moon: Of course, people have joys and sorrows, and the moon also has its waxing and waning moments. There are times when she is covered by dark clouds, there are times when she is damaged and incomplete, and she also has her regrets. Since ancient times, nothing is perfect in the world. These three sentences give a high-level summary from people to the moon, from ancient times to the present. In terms of tone, it seems to be answering the previous questions on behalf of Mingyue; in terms of structure, it is pushed a layer further, transitioning from the opposition of man and moon to the fusion of man and moon. Excusing the moon is essentially to emphasize optimism about human affairs and to place hope for the future. Because when the moon is full, people also get together. Very philosophical.
The end of the poem says: I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to the moon. Chanjuan looks beautiful, here refers to Chang'e, which also represents the bright moon. ***Chanjuan means ***Mingyue. The allusion comes from Xiezhuang's "Moon Fu" in the Southern Dynasties: Thousands of miles away, there is a bright moon. Since parting in the world is inevitable, as long as the loved ones are alive for a long time, even if they are thousands of miles apart, the two places can still be connected through the bright moon that shines on the world, and each other's hearts can be communicated together. To wish people a long life is to break through the limitations of time; to visit Chanjuan thousands of miles away is to break through the barriers of space. Let the common love for the bright moon unite people who are separated from each other. The ancients had a saying about spiritual friendship. Good friends are far apart and cannot meet in person, but they can be connected in spirit. Qianli's love for Chanjuan can also be said to be a kind of divine friendship. These two sentences are not ordinary masturbation and sexual intercourse, but express the author's attitude towards major issues such as time, space and life, which fully shows the lyricism. The richness and breadth of human spiritual realm. Wang Bo has two poems: There are close friends in the sea, and there are neighbors in the world. It has profound meaning and has been passed down as a good sentence. It has the same tune and the same effect as the song "Chanjuan from Qianli". In addition, Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Huaiyuan" said: The bright moon rises on the sea, and the end of the world is at this time. Xu Hun's "Autumn Skies Send Far Away" said: I should only wait for the bright moon, thousands of miles with you. You can all refer to each other. I hope that everyone will be safe every year and can enjoy the beautiful moonlight even though they are thousands of miles apart. It expresses the author's blessings and longing for his relatives, and shows the author's broad-minded attitude and optimistic spirit. Su Shi dissolved the poetic spirit of his predecessors into his own works, melting them into a universal emotion. As mentioned in the small preface before the poem, this poem expresses the nostalgia for his younger brother Su Che (ziyou), but it is not limited to this. It can be said that this poem is Su Shi's best wishes to all those who are experiencing the pain of separation on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
This article is one of Su's representative works. From the perspective of artistic achievements, it has a unique conception, a unique border, and is full of romanticism. It has always been recognized as the swan song among Mid-Autumn Festival poems. In terms of performance, the first half of the word is written vertically and the second half is described horizontally. The first film is a high-rise building, and the next film is full of twists and turns. The first half is the introduction of new myths from the past dynasties, and it is also the evolutionary development of the fairy poetry of the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties. The second half is purely drawn in white, with the person and the moon touching each other. It's called deductive physics, but it actually explains people and affairs. The writing is intricate and swaying. From the perspective of layout, the upper part rises in the sky and seems to be empty when entering; the lower part has cascading waves, returning to virtual reality and turning into reality. In the end, the virtual and the real are intertwined, and Xu Xu comes to an end. The whole poem is set in a clear and majestic setting, with chanting to the moon as the center, expressing the contradictions and confusions between returning to the world and dancing to the world, separation and joining the world, as well as broad-minded self-adaptation, long-term optimism and good wishes in life, and is extremely rich. Philosophy and humanity. The intention is high, the concept is novel, and the artistic conception is fresh and picturesque. Finally, it ends with broad-minded feelings, which is a natural expression of the poet's feelings. It has both emotional charm and magnificent state, and has high aesthetic value. This poem is full of beautiful sentences, which typically reflects the clear and broad-minded style of Su's poems.
The author not only highlights the universal consciousness of the world, but also abandons the state of astonishment in the face of magical eternity (borrowing the words of Wen Yiduo's comment on "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night"). He does not treat the changes and developments of nature completely detachedly, but strives to find the meaning of life for casual entertainment from the laws of nature.
Therefore, although this poem is basically a sentimental chant of autumn, when read, it does not lack the charm of spring and inspiration.
This song "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" has always been highly praised. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" believes that this poem is the best poem about the Mid-Autumn Festival. This poem seems to be a dialogue with Mingyue, in which the meaning of life is explored. It is both rational and interesting, and very thought-provoking. Therefore, it has been recited for nine hundred years. Wu Qian's "Frost Sky Dawn Corner": Let's sing Dongpo's "Shui Tiao", under the clear dew, the lapels are covered with snow. Chapter 30 of "Water Margin" says that on August 15th, a song can be sung to the moon and the scenery during the Mid-Autumn Festival. This is the Mid-Autumn Festival "Shui Tiao Song" by Bachelor Dongpo. It can be seen that singing was popular during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The artistic conception of the whole poem is bold and broad, the feelings are optimistic and broad-minded, the yearning for the bright moon, the attachment to the world, as well as the romantic colors, unrestrained style and flowing language can give people a healthy aesthetic enjoyment . The Complete Poems of Po Qinhuai
The Complete Poems of Po Qinhuai
"The Poem of Po Qinhuai"
Author: Du Mu
Original text:
< p> Smoke cage, cold water, moon cage cage sand, night mooring in Qinhuai, near the restaurant.The business girl does not know the hatred of the country's subjugation, but she still sings the flowers in the backyard across the river.
Notes:
1. Qinhuai: The Qinhuai River originates from Damao Mountain in Jurong, Jiangsu and Donglu Mountain in Lishui, and flows into the Yangtze River through Nanjing. According to legend, it was dug by Qin Shihuang during his southern tour to Kuaiji to dredge the Huaihe River, so it was called Qinhuai River. It has been a prosperous tourist destination throughout the ages.
2. Smoke: smoke.
3. Mooring: mooring.
4. Businesswoman: A singer who makes a living by singing.
5. Back Garden Flower: The abbreviation of the song "Yushu Back Garden Flower". Emperor Chen Shubao of the Southern Dynasty (ie Empress Chen) was obsessed with sex and composed this song to have fun with the beauties in his harem, which eventually led to the country's subjugation. Therefore, later generations regarded this song as a representative of the sound of a country's subjugation.
Poetic:
The blurry moonlight and light smoke cover the cold water and white sand. At night, the boat is anchored in a restaurant on the shore of Qinhuai River. The singing girl didn't understand what the hatred of country subjugation was, so she sang "Flowers in the Backyard of Yushu" across the river.
Appreciation:
"Po Qinhuai" is one of Du Mu's representative works and is included in Volume 523 of "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty". The following is the appreciation of this poem by Mr. Zhao Qijun, professor of the School of Literature of Anhui Normal University.
Jiankang was the capital of the Six Dynasties. The Qinhuai River passed through the city and flowed into the Yangtze River. There were many restaurants on both sides of the city. It was a place for entertainment and banquets for the wealthy nobles, bureaucrats and scholar-officials at that time. Although the capital of the Tang Dynasty was not in Jiankang, the scene on both sides of the Qinhuai River remained the same.
Some people say that it is especially rare to write good poems and sentences (Yan Yu's "Canglang Poetry Talk"). The first sentence in this poem is extraordinary, and the two characters "cage" are very eye-catching. Smoke, water, moon, and sand are harmoniously blended together by the two "cage" characters, creating an extremely elegant night scene by the water. It is so soft and quiet, but also implies a slightly floating and flowing mood. The pen and ink are so light, but the misty and cold atmosphere is so strong. The moon and water in the first sentence are related to the story of "moking at night in Qinhuai" in the second sentence, so after reading the first sentence, it seems natural to read "mocking at night in Qinhuai near the restaurant". But in terms of the poet's activities, he should have stayed at Qinhuai at night before he could see the scenery of smoke, cold water, moon and sand. However, if he really turned around and read it, he would find it boring. The advantages of this way of writing in the poem are: first of all, it creates a very distinctive environmental atmosphere, giving people a strong attraction, and creating a pre-emptive artistic effect, which is in line with the requirements of artistic expression. Secondly, the treatment of the first and second sentences is very similar to the relationship between the picture and the inscription of a painting. When people appreciate a painting, they usually focus on the wonderful picture first (this is like a smoke cage with cold water and a moon cage with sand), and then look at the inscription in the corner (this is Qinhuai at Night). Therefore, the poet's writing is also in line with people's artistic appreciation habits.
Staying in Qinhuai at night near a restaurant may seem ordinary, but it is worth pondering. The logical relationship in this poem is very strong. Because I stayed in Qinhuai at night, I was close to the restaurant. However, the first four words point out the time and place for the scenery in the previous sentence, making it more personal and typical, and also echo the title of the poem; the last three words open the way for the following, because it is close to the restaurant. , it led to the business girl, the hatred of the country's subjugation and the flowers in the backyard, and it also touched the poet's feelings.
Therefore, from the perspective of the development of the poem and the expression of emotions, the three words "near the restaurant" are like opening the floodgates, and the water of the river gushes out endlessly. These seven words connect the previous and the following, and network the whole article. The poet's detailed and exquisite conception can be seen here.
A businesswoman is a singer who serves others. What they sing depends on the taste of the listener. It can be seen that the poem saying that the merchant women do not know the hatred of the country's subjugation is a kind of tune. The real people who do not know the hatred of the country's subjugation are the feudal aristocrats, bureaucrats, and gentry who are appreciating it. "Flowers in the Back Garden", also known as "Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu", is said to be a piece of music composed by the empress Chen of the Southern Dynasties who was dissolute and delinquent. This melodious music had long since brought Chen Chao to his death. However, now there are people who, in this age of decline, do not care about national affairs, but use the sound of national subjugation to have fun. This can't help but make the poet worry that history will repeat itself. The word "across the river" comes from the story of the hatred of the country's subjugation. It refers to the Sui Dynasty soldiers Chen's army in the north of the Yangtze River. The small court of the Southern Dynasty across the river was in danger, but the empress Chen was still in a state of disbelief. The word "Yue Sing" subtly and naturally connects history, reality and imagined future, which is profound. The merchant girl did not know the hatred of her country's subjugation, but she still sang "Flowers in the Back Garden" across the river. In the graceful and light style, she showed bitter irony, deep sorrow and infinite emotion, which can be called a masterpiece. These two sentences express the relatively sober feudal intellectuals' hidden worries about state affairs, and also reflect that the bureaucrats and aristocrats are filling their decayed and empty souls with a life of sex, singing, dancing, and extravagance. This is exactly the real life of the declining late Tang Dynasty. Portraits of two different sides.