Chapter 1
Teaching ideas "Spring Snow in Qinyuan" is a model work that embodies the characteristics of Chinese poetry and the spirit of revolutionary optimism. In the teaching process, we pay attention to the writing background of the word, grasp the characteristics of the word that combines description, discussion, and lyricism, combine virtual reality, dynamic and static, magnificent artistic conception, majestic momentum, unrestrained emotion, and heroic bearing, and understand the characteristics of this word. The basic content and writing method of poetry will be introduced to cultivate students' ability to appreciate poetry.
Teaching objectives
1. Knowledge and ability objectives:
Master the general method of appreciating poetry, enter the artistic conception of the words through imagination and association, and experience the poetry. Feel the emotional beauty and musical beauty of the words; understand the relationship between the upper and lower parts;
2. Process and method goals:
Make personalized descriptions through imagination and feel the poet's personality charm first-hand , appreciate the beauty of language through reading aloud;
3. Emotional attitude and value goals:
Through the study of the text, feel the image of the poet, appreciate the poet's broad mind and grand spirit, Fully obtain aesthetic pleasure, thereby cultivating students' temperament and acquiring an optimistic, firm and confident attitude towards life.
Important and difficult points in teaching
1. Understand * and the writing background of the word;
2. Understand the accuracy, image and profoundness of the language of the word writing A writing method that combines nature with description, discussion, and lyricism;
3. Understand the theme of the word and the author's thoughts and emotions.
Teaching methods
Multimedia.
Teaching hours
2 consecutive classes.
The first lesson: author, background, introduction;
The second lesson: conclusion, summary, thinking and exercises.
Preparation before class
1. Teacher:
Prepare * calligraphy works and produce relevant courseware.
2. Students:
Read this word familiarly, clear the word barriers, and search for information about the introduction*’s life.
Teaching steps
1. Introduction
Introduce the teaching of this word by reciting the famous lines about snow in Cen Shen's "Bai Xuege Sends Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital".
2. New Lesson
1. *Life: (Student introduction, teacher summary.)
(Show his calligraphy works.)
2. The writing background of this poem:
In February 1936, before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in Qingjian County in northern Shaanxi, * climbed to an altitude of 1,000 meters on a snow-capped plateau, facing the north of the motherland. The magnificent snow scene made my heart surge, and I wrote this poem afterward.
3. Words:
⑴ Polyphonetic words:
Fen, Shu, Khan, Huan, Chao.
⑵ Difficult words:
Mang, Rao, Jing, *.
4. Recording sample reading:
Let students imagine the scene described by this word while listening, and initially understand the emotion expressed by this word.
5. Students read together, and the teacher corrects the students’ shortcomings in the reading process.
6. Analysis:
⑴ Upper Tower:
Question: How many levels are there in the Upper Tower? What are the characteristics of writing?
Clearly: divided into three layers. The first three sentences are a general description, with a far-reaching view, a combination of movement and stillness; the middle seven sentences are a detailed description, majestic and full of vitality, a combination of movement and stillness; the last three sentences are about the imaginary scenery, with red and white contrasting, charming and colorful.
⑵ Detailed analysis of the above paragraph:
① From what angle does the first three sentences describe the snow scene? What are the characteristics of the scenery written about?
Clearly: I always write about the snowy scenery of the North. "Thousands of miles" and "thousands of miles" are intertextual. Thousands of miles of ice and thousands of miles of snow drift, and the writing also reflects the vastness of the field of vision. "Feng" refers to the ground, which is condensed and quiet; "Floating" refers to the sky, showing the lightness of snow. One is still and the other is moving. The combination of movement and stillness makes each other interesting.
②Which sentence does the word "wang" lead to? "Silver snakes dance in the mountains, and wax elephants ride in the mountains." How can the mountains dance like silver snakes, and how can the plateau run like white elephants?
Clearly: the word "wang" leads to "desire to compete with God". Below the word "wang" is the majestic landscape. The "Great Wall" and "Yellow River" are symbols of the spirit of the Chinese nation, which best reflect the style of the North. They also correspond to "thousands of miles" and "ten thousand miles" and continue to describe the vastness of the region. "Mountains dance with silver snakes and Yuan Chi wax figures" uses metaphors and personification techniques to personify "mountains" and "origins". "Snow mountain" is said to be "dance" because of its winding, ups and downs, and "plateau" is said to be "chi" because of its majesty and vastness. Turn stillness into movement, the pictures are vivid and the scenery is spectacular!
③Question: Which word in the three sentences "Xu Qingri" indicates that it is a fictitious word? Use prose language to describe the artistic conception of three lines of poetry.
Clearly: "Xu" indicates that the scene of clearing after snow comes from the author's imagination and is a fictitious writing. You see, the red sun is rising slowly, emitting thousands of rays of rays of light, dyeing the white clouds in the sky red and reflecting the white snow on the plateau. The sea of ??clouds is vast, the snow-capped mountains are towering, the flowers, pines and cypresses are lush and green. The red sun and white snow complement each other, and the motherland is like a girl wrapped in red, especially beautiful!
⑶Xiaqiao. Question: How many levels can the lower block be divided into?
Clearly: divided into three layers. The first two sentences are the first level, transition; the middle seven sentences are the second level, commenting on the past; the last three sentences are the third level, discussing the present.
⑷Detailed analysis of the following paragraphs:
①What is the function of the first two sentences?
Clear transition: "There are so many beauties in the country" leads to the previous one, and "Inducing countless heroes to compete for their knees" leads to the next.
②What feelings does the word "cherish" contain on the part of the author? Which ancient emperors were commented on? What are the functions of "a little" and "a little"? What is the difference between "slightly lost", "slightly inferior" and "only aware"?
Clear: The word "xi" is euphemistic and accurate, both derogatory and complimentary. It affirms the illustrious military exploits of Emperor Qin, Emperor Wu of Han, Tang Zong, Song Zu, and Genghis Khan, and also points out their lack of civility and literary talent. . "Slightly" and "little" make Ci's comments on historical figures objective, accurate, and without losing proportion, in line with the perspective of historical materialism. Compared with "slightly inferior" and "slightly inferior", there are differences in the procedures of praise and criticism. "Only aware" has a greater degree of negation than the former.
③ "It's all over, let's count the famous people, but we still have to look at the present." What is the function of this sentence? What does it mean?
Clearly: The sentence "It's all over" is intended to use historical heroes to highlight today's revolutionary heroes. These three words combine to comment on the past, and the momentum is compelling. "Romantic figures" refer to heroic figures who can make great achievements, and the author himself is also included here. At that time, Mao Zedong had established his leadership position in the party and the Red Army, and was about to cross the Yellow River eastward to realize his grand ambitions. Therefore, "counting the famous figures, but also looking at the present" expresses Comrade Mao Zedong's attitude of "who has the great responsibility in the world, who else can I do?" Heroism. "Elegant" not only refers to making achievements and conquering the country, but also refers to having literary talent and appreciation level. The meaning of the last two sentences is: Those who can truly be called heroes should look at today's proletariat, including of course the author himself.
④Why does the author discuss and comment on ancient emperors in Xiayu?
Clearly: The author contrasts "the past" with "the present", and "heroes" with "romantic figures" to highlight the historical role of today's revolutionary heroes in dominating the country. "Commenting on the past" is for the purpose of "praising the present".
⑸Read this poem together and strive to recite it in class.
⑹ Summarize the hierarchical ideas and writing methods of this poem:
(First guide students to think, and then the teacher summarizes.)
The composition of the poem starts with describing the scene, and then The column first summarizes and then summarizes (total──divided─summary). The lower column first transitions from the scene to the emotion, then comments on the emperors of the past dynasties, and finally deepens the excavation and expresses the heroic ambitions. The whole poem is always filled with vigorous and uplifting pride and power. From the expression point of view, the upper column depicts the scene, combining virtual and real, dynamic and still; the lower column discusses and expresses emotion, "argument" is just right, and "express" is so angry; the description of the upper column provides a solid foundation for the discussion and lyricism of the lower column. bedding.
3. Solve the after-class exercises
4. Assign homework
1. Complete the exercises in the "Century Classic".
2. Combined with the content and writing method of this lesson, appreciate * "Qinyuanchun? Changsha".
3. Write a paragraph describing spring rain (pay attention to the characteristics of spring rain, more than 200 words).
Blackboard writing design
Overview: combination of movement and stillness
Top column: description Specific description: combination of movement and stillness (real)
Imagination description ( Virtual)
Qinyuan Spring? Snow loves the mountains and rivers of the motherland
Praising the proletariat
Foreshadowing
Transition (connecting the previous to the next)
Next section: Arguments and lyrical comments on the emperors of the past dynasties
Expressing lofty sentiments and ambitions
Part 2
Teaching activities
(1) , talk about the snow scene, introduce a new lesson, and reveal the topic:
Guide students to describe the snow scene and express their emotions in one or two sentences. (Student Exchange) Camera Introduction In February 1936, before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Comrade Mao Zedong climbed to a snow-covered plateau thousands of meters above sea level in Qingjian County in northern Shaanxi to inspect the terrain and admire the scenery. Facing the vast land, with a surge of pride in my heart, I wrote the words praising snow. What kind of snow scene on the plateau is shown in the poem? What emotion does the poet express? (Teacher reveals the topic)
(2) Provide learning goals and clarify learning tasks:
( The goal is the same as above) to guide students to clarify.
(3) Recite the poem, perceive the whole thing, and feel the beauty of its music:
1. The teacher reads the whole poem (or plays the recitation recording), and the students listen to the sample reading and objectively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages. insufficient.
2. Students clarify the pronunciation and pauses of the characters, read the poems freely, read out the beauty of rhythm, rhyme, and emotion of the poems, imagine the scenes depicted in the poems, and initially understand the emotions expressed in the poems. Ask students to read this poem together several times, and the teacher can grasp the students' understanding and reading problems.
Teaching process
1. Introduction of exchange of preview experience
1. Combined with the local climate characteristics, guide students to describe the "snow scene". Students spoke freely and imagined snow scenes such as the white earth, green pines and snow, making snowmen, and snowball fights.
2. Different people, different moods, and different era environments will give different characteristics to the snow scene. In February 1936, before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in Qingjian County in northern Shaanxi, Comrade * Go up to the snow-covered plateau, which is thousands of meters above sea level, to inspect the terrain and enjoy the scenery. Facing the majestic scenery of the snowy field, I was moved by the scene and wrote this poem, which expresses the ambition and pride of the proletarian revolutionary hero. Published in Chongqing's "Xinmin Evening News" in 1945, it caused a great sensation.
Today we are privileged to appreciate and study this "great chapter" - "Spring Snow in Qinyuan".
2. Listen to the model reading, read the correct pronunciation, and feel the momentum.
1. Students present new words, and the teacher selects representative ones and displays them with physical projections. Students are asked to read the pronunciation of each word accurately. The teacher demonstrates and students correct their pronunciation, focusing on the pronunciation of the following words.
恁qìn无码 mǎngmǎng exceptionally enchanting fènráo a number of romantic figures shǔ bend over zhésihan hán a little less feng*xùnsāo also look at the current zhāo
2. When you listen to it for the second time, please imagine it The scene described by the words and the initial understanding of the feelings expressed by the words.
(While eliminating text barriers, let students have a preliminary overall perception of the whole word, so that students can form a perceptual understanding from the beginning, and set a tone for the whole word through model reading. The atmospheric tone also sets a good example for students to imitate in their upcoming reading)
3. Read the text and understand the meaning of the words.
(1) Students are required to read the whole word freely and accurately and fluently.
(2) Read the poem together and perceive the content.
1. What do you think Shangyu writes?
Shangyu mainly describes the snow scene in the North. Students may directly answer "Northern scenery" by finding the central sentence. Teachers can guide students to clarify from the perspective of accuracy that "scenery" can refer to the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, which is too broad and inaccurate.
2. Which word plays the role of introducing the main content in the upper column?
The word "wang". In ancient poetry, this is called "leading up with one word", commonly known as "leading word". Generally, there is one upper and lower palace respectively. When reading poems, pay attention to find the word collar.
(The word "wang" should be easy to find, but the teaching should not stop at finding the word. Teachers should still impart some relevant knowledge appropriately, but they should stop there and not go into details.)
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3. So, what sentences does the word "Wang" lead to in the article? What specific things did the author grasp to write about?
From "Inside and Outside the Great Wall" to "Trial Comparison" high". The Great Wall, rivers, mountains, plateaus.
4. The author saw these scenes while standing on a snow-covered plateau thousands of meters above sea level. The author’s vision was very broad. Even though the author has a broad vision, these scenes are far beyond the scope of the author's vision. This shows that the word "hope" contains a lot of imagination?
Imagination.
5. Is your imagination limited to these few sentences?
There are also the last three sentences.
6. So, can students start their imagination by closing their eyes and thinking about how the snow scene described by the poet can be transformed from words into images on the "big screen", and then use their own imagination? Can it be described in language? The writer Hugo said: "Imagination is the most beautiful flower in human thinking." The philosopher Hegel said: "Imagination is the most outstanding artistic skill." Now let's see which student's imagination blooms in his mind The flowers are the most beautiful.
You can ask students to speak in groups first, and then describe it to the whole class.
(This is a good opportunity to guide students to understand the content of the text while training students’ imagination and language expression skills. Students can also gain insights into the author’s emotions during the process of imagining and expressing. The three-dimensional goals of Chinese language learning can be organically integrated here)
(3) Read the next paragraph together and perceive the content.
1. It is precisely because of the beauty of the motherland that countless heroes have fallen in love with it. How does the author evaluate them?
"Cherish the Qin Emperor and the Han Dynasty... ...shooting the big eagle"
2. Do you know all the emperors of the past dynasties the author commented on in the article? Can you introduce them to everyone?
Ask a few students to briefly introduce them , other students and teachers can make supplements.
(The introduction of corresponding historical knowledge helps to understand the content of the word, and should also help students establish the concept of literature, history and philosophy regardless of family. In this process, teachers should play the leading role in equality and fully It affirms students' rich historical knowledge and supplements students' imperfect introduction)
3. Which word does the author use when commenting on these emperors? Which sentence does it matter?
Cherish. "I only know how to bend the bow and shoot the big eagle".
4. Combining the original text with your own understanding, what are the meanings of the word "cherish"? (Discussion)
5. Invite some students to speak on behalf of the group.
Students’ speeches may not be comprehensive enough. Teachers can look at the problem comprehensively by guiding students to understand the key words. For example: from "a little less literary talent, a little less elegant" and "only know how to bend a bow and shoot a big eagle", we can see that they are okay in martial arts, but in "literary talent" (here it does not only refer to personal literary talent) , also refers to the aspect of governing the country) is somewhat worse. From "slightly lost" and "slightly inferior", we can see that the author also affirmed the great achievements of these ancient emperors in the article, and they played a certain role in the development of history. He is a great hero and a great hero in history. The students' speeches may not be profound enough. Teachers can guide students to think more deeply by analyzing the reasons and combining them with the background of the times.
For example: The shortcomings of these ancient emperors were caused by the limitations of the times and classes. The author cherishes his predecessors (expresses regret for his predecessors), which contains the great spirit of those who come after him. Be confident that you will be better than your predecessors.
6. In the following paragraphs, does the author have any sentences that directly express this point of view?
Yes, "It's all gone...now."
(When a student’s speech is one-sided or superficial, the teacher should not deny it completely or give the answer directly, but should point out the shortcomings on the basis of partial affirmation, teach the method, and pay attention to the guidance. Only in this way can they be stimulated to continue to think proactively and use these methods to draw inferences in future thinking)
7. From this sentence, the teacher couldn't help but think of *'s poem "Qin Yuan Chun Chang Sha", When he was young, he had the ambition of "confidence that in two hundred years of life, he would be able to swim three thousand miles into the water." In 1925, he analyzed the revolutionary form at that time. Facing the vast land full of vitality, he was filled with emotions. In "Qinyuan Spring in Changsha", he wrote this sentence: "With a sad outline, I ask the vast land, who is responsible for the ups and downs?" Eleven years later, in 1936, the author also faced the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, assessed the situation, and wrote in "Qinyuan Spring Snow" "Write your own voice in "Who is in charge of ups and downs?"
Students may directly copy "referring to heroes who can make contributions" from the notes, but students should be guided to be specific in light of the background of the times. "The proletariat, its revolutionary leaders and the masses of the people" or "contemporary heroes".
How does the author organically combine the description of the scene in the upper column with the discussion in the lower column? (Find out from the text)
"The country... bends."
9. What role does this sentence play in the article?
It serves as a transitional link between the previous and the following. "Jiang..." continues the description of the scene above and summarizes the above. "Yinwu" leads the following. It is precisely because of this sentence that the upper and lower parts of this poem become a more organic whole.
(The function of transitional sentences should be analyzed in detail to prevent students from forming the habit of only speaking empty clichés.)
4. The whole class reads the whole word together and reads out the feelings.
Part Three
1. Teaching Objectives
Knowledge and Ability: Be able to explain the main idea of ??the word with annotations, and be able to tell the author's order of observation.
Process and method: Through teacher-student interaction and group cooperative inquiry, analyze the artistic characteristics and emotions of poetry, and improve the aesthetic and appreciation ability of poetry.
Emotional attitudes and values: Through the study of this poem, students can enhance their love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, inspire the use of language to describe the beautiful scenery they see, and strengthen the awareness of expressing emotions in the scenery
2. Important and difficult points in teaching
The key point of teaching is to be able to explain the main idea of ??the whole word with annotations, and to tell the author's order of observation.
Teaching Difficulties: Analyze the artistic characteristics and emotions of poetry through teacher-student interaction and group cooperative inquiry, and improve the aesthetic and appreciation ability of poetry.
3. Teaching methods
Group cooperation inquiry method, multimedia-assisted teaching method, and conversation method.
IV. Teaching Process
1. Introducing new lessons
1. Ask students to recite poems about learning that they have learned or heard about. This introduces a new lesson.
2. Use multimedia to present *'s life and the writing background of this word: In February 1936, before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in Qingjian County in northern Shaanxi, * climbed to an altitude of 1,000 meters on a snow-capped plateau. , facing the magnificent snow scenery in the north of the motherland, my heart was surging, and I wrote this poem afterwards.
2. Overall perception:
1. Words:
Polyphonetic words: Fen, Shu, Khan, Huan, Chao.
Difficult words: Mang, Rao, Jing, *.
2. Recording sample reading:
Let students imagine the scene described by this word while listening, and initially understand the emotion expressed by this word.
3. In-depth study
1. Students read together and think about the following questions while reading
(1) How many levels are there in the upper column? What is the writing method? Features?
Clear: divided into three layers. The first three sentences give a general description of how far you can see, combining movement and stillness; the middle seven sentences describe specifically how the Great Wall, rivers, and mountains are majestic and full of vitality; the combination of movement and stillness; the last three sentences describe the imaginary scenery, with red and white contrasting, and colorful. charming.
(2) From what angle do the first three sentences describe the snow scene? What writing techniques are used to describe what characteristics of the scenery?
Clear: Always write about the snow scene in the North, "thousands of miles" and "thousands of miles" "It's an intertextuality. Thousands of miles of ice, thousands of miles of snow drifting, and the vastness of the horizon are reflected in the writing. "Feng" refers to the ground, which is condensed and quiet; "Floating" refers to the sky, showing the lightness of snow. One is still and the other is moving. The combination of movement and stillness makes each other interesting.
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Clearly: the word "wang" leads to "desire to compete with God". Below the word "wang" is the majestic landscape. The "Great Wall" and "Yellow River" are symbols of the spirit of the Chinese nation, which best reflect the style of the North. They also correspond to "thousands of miles" and "ten thousand miles" and continue to describe the vastness of the region. "Mountains dance with silver snakes and Yuan Chi wax figures" uses metaphors and personification techniques to personify "mountains" and "origins". "Snow mountain" is said to be "dance" because of its winding, ups and downs, and "plateau" is said to be "chi" because of its majesty and vastness. Turning stillness into movement, the picture is vivid and lively, and the scenery is spectacular!
Ask students to discuss in groups, which word in the three lines of "Should be a sunny day" indicates that it is a fictional word? Use the language of prose to describe the three lines of the poem. artistic conception.
Clearly: "Xu" indicates that the scene of clearing after snow comes from the author's imagination and is a fictitious writing. You see, the red sun is rising slowly, emitting thousands of rays of rays of light, dyeing the white clouds in the sky red and reflecting the white snow on the plateau. The sea of ??clouds is vast, the snow-capped mountains are towering, the flowers, pines and cypresses are lush and green. The red sun and white snow complement each other, and the motherland is like a girl wrapped in red, especially beautiful!
IV. Expansion and extension:
Invite students to realize through review and questions , the idea of ????analyzing Shangque is: structure-image-technique-emotion. Then ask the students to divide into groups and analyze the xiaque according to this idea, acting as a small teacher. Each group will send a representative to teach on his own. Teachers’ additions, comments and summaries.
Clear:
1. Divided into three layers. The first two sentences are the first level, transition; the middle seven sentences are the second level, commenting on the past; the last three sentences are the third level, discussing the present.
2. "There are so many beauties in the country" is the continuation of the upper echelon, and "it attracts countless heroes to bend their waists".
3. The word "xi" is euphemistic and accurate, both derogatory and complimentary. It affirms the illustrious military exploits of Emperor Qin, Emperor Wu of Han, Tang Zong, Song Zu, and Genghis Khan, and also points out their lack of civility and literary talent. . "Slightly" and "little" make Ci's comments on historical figures objective, accurate, and without losing proportion, in line with the perspective of historical materialism. Compared with "slightly inferior" and "slightly inferior", there are differences in the procedures of praise and criticism. "Only aware" has a greater degree of negation than the former.
4. The sentence "It's all over" is intended to use historical heroes to highlight today's revolutionary heroes. The three words combine to comment on the past, and the momentum is compelling. "Romantic figures" refer to heroic figures who can make great achievements, and the author himself is also included here. At that time, Mao Zedong had established his leadership position in the party and the Red Army, and was about to cross the Yellow River eastward to realize his grand ambitions. Therefore, "counting the famous figures, but also looking at the present" expresses Comrade Mao Zedong's attitude of "who has the great responsibility in the world, who else can I do?" Heroism. "Elegant" not only refers to making achievements and conquering the country, but also refers to having literary talent and appreciation level. The meaning of the last two sentences is: Those who can truly be called heroes should look at today's proletariat, including of course the author himself.
5. Why does the author discuss and comment on ancient emperors in the next column?
Clearly: the author contrasts "the past" with "the present", and contrasts "heroes" with "romantic figures". It highlights the historical role of today's revolutionary heroes in dominating rivers and mountains. "Commenting on the past" is for the purpose of "praising the present".
Finally, the whole class read the poem together and recited it emotionally according to the analysis in this lesson. The teacher gave guidance and tried to recite it in class.
5. Summary and homework
Summary: Summarize the hierarchical thinking and writing method of this poem:
(First guide students to think, and then the teacher summarizes.)
The poem begins with a description of the scene. The upper column first summarizes and then summarizes (total──minute──total). The lower column first transitions from the scene to the emotion, then comments on the emperors of the past dynasties, and finally deepens the excavation and expresses the heroic ambitions. . The whole poem is always filled with vigorous and uplifting pride and power. From the expression point of view, the upper column depicts the scene, combining virtual and real, dynamic and still; the lower column discusses and expresses emotion, "argument" is just right, and "express" is so angry; the description of the upper column provides a solid foundation for the discussion and lyricism of the lower column. bedding.
Assignment:
Write a paragraph describing spring rain or autumn wind (pay attention to the characteristics of spring rain, more than 200 words).