On the Establishment and Development of Imperial Examination System in Sui and Tang Dynasties

The establishment and development of the imperial examination system in Sui and Tang Dynasties: Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty began to select officials by examination of different subjects, and Emperor Yangdi formally established the imperial examination department to select talents according to the examination results, which marked the official birth of the imperial examination system.

During the reign of Emperor Taizong, he expanded the scale of Chinese studies and added examination subjects. During the reign of Wu Zetian, the number of candidates in the imperial examination increased greatly, with Wu Ju and Gong Kao being the first. During the Xuanzong period of Tang Dynasty, poetry and prose fu became the examination content of Jinshi, which further improved the imperial examination system.

The employment system has been improved, so that talented scholars have the opportunity to serve in governments at all levels, which has promoted the development of education and literature and art. The atmosphere of scholars studying hard is prevalent, and the power to choose officials has been concentrated from local governments to the court.

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In the Tang and Song Dynasties when the imperial examination system was mature, its enthusiasm still dominated. However, after the Song Dynasty, with the dehumanization of feudal autocracy, the negativity of imperial examinations became more and more serious. After the Song Dynasty, the cultural creativity of the intelligentsia went from bad to worse, and the talents were worse from generation to generation.

In the eighth and ninth centuries, Japan held a tribute ceremony modeled on the system of the Tang Dynasty, which was divided into six branches: scholar, scholar, quiet, faming, medicine and acupuncture, among which scholar was the most important branch. As the children who took part in the imperial examination gradually became aristocratic, the number of students decreased, and the examination became a mere formality, the tribute in the Edo era had disappeared.

China's scientific research system has also exerted an indelible influence on European and American countries. Ni, an adjunct professor and historian at Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Language and Culture Institute, said that as early as 65,438,000 years ago, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the pioneer of China's democratic revolution, appeared-now almost all countries' systems are based on Britain. Tracing back to the source, the British examination system was originally derived from Chinese studies.

What Sun Yat-sen said is well-founded, not hypothetical.