Wang Xizhi (32 1-379, or 303-36 1) was born in Linyi (now Shandong) and later moved to Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He is a general of the right army, and he will have a look at the internal history of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
He believes that raising geese can not only cultivate sentiment, but also understand the truth of calligraphy from some gestures of geese. One morning, Wang Xizhi and his son Wang Xianzhi took a boat tour of Shaoxing. When they arrived near Xianshui Village, they saw a flock of white geese on the shore, staggering and dawdling. Wang Xizhi was fascinated by these white geese and wanted to buy them home. Wang Xizhi asked the Taoist priest nearby, hoping that the Taoist priest could sell him the goose. The Taoist priest said, "If the right army adults want it, please write a Taoist health book" Huang Ting Jing "for me! Wang Xizhi longed for geese and readily agreed to the conditions put forward by the Taoist priest. This is the story of "Wang Xizhi gave the White Goose Book".
At the age of twenty, A Qiu Chi Jian sent someone to Wang Dao's house to choose a son-in-law. At that time, people paid attention to family status, and the door was right. When Wang Dao's son and nephew heard that Qiu's family was coming to propose marriage, they all dressed up in disguise, hoping to be selected. Only Wang Xizhi, as if he didn't hear anything, was lying on the bamboo couch in the east, eating baked wheat cakes in one hand and painting clothes in the other. When people came back, they reported what they saw to Xi Taiwei. When he knew that there was a quiet Wang Xizhi leaning on the east couch, he couldn't help clapping his hands and cheering. This is the son-in-law I want! So Chi Jian married his daughter Xi Jun to Wang Xizhi. This story has become two allusions of "East Bed" and "Lingtan".
There are more idioms on him than that. It is said that on one occasion, he wrote his words on a board and gave them to a sculptor for carving. The man cut the board with a knife, only to find that his handwriting was printed two-thirds deep in the board. This is the origin of the idiom "cut to the chase".
Wang Xizhi's best calligraphy in his life is Preface to Lanting Collection. That was his work in middle age.
There is a custom in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Every year on March 3rd of the lunar calendar, people go to the river to play, so as to eliminate the ominous. This is called [repair]. On March 3rd, the 9th year of Yonghe, Wang Xizhi and some scholars, 4 1 * * *, went to the Lanting River to build a temple. Everyone is writing poems while drinking.
After the poem was written, everyone collected the poems and synthesized a preface to Lanting Collection, which was publicly recommended by Wang Xizhi. At this time, Wang Xizhi was drunk. He took advantage of the wine, picked up a moustache pen and waved it on the cocoon paper. This preface is the preface to the Lanting Collection, which became famous throughout the ages. This post is a draft with 28 lines and 324 words. Described the scene of the collection of literati at that time. Because the author was in high spirits and was very proud of his writing. It is said that I couldn't write anymore. Among them, there are more than twenty "zhi" characters, which are written in different ways. Mi Fei in Song Dynasty called it "the best running script in the world". According to legend, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, collected the Preface to Lanting before his death and was buried in Zhaoling after his death. What's left is just a copy of others. What people see today is a Preface to Lanting. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy works are very rich. Besides Preface to Lanting Collection, there are other famous calligraphy works, such as Guan Nu Tie, Seventeen Tie, Two Xie Tie, Orange Tie, menstruation Tie, Quick Snow Clear Tie, Le Yi Lun, Huang Tingjing and so on. The main characteristics of his calligraphy are peaceful and natural, the brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, graceful and restrained, and later generations commented that "if you float in the clouds, you may be surprised by moss." Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is beautiful.
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Ouyang Xun
Ou Yangxun (557-64 1) was born in Linxiang, Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan). His calligraphy achievements are based on regular script, with bold brushwork and unique structure, which is called "European style" by later generations. Originated from Han Li, he is vigorous, rigorous in statutes, sees danger in peacetime, elegant in composition, interspersed with brushstrokes and properly arranged. Regular script includes "Jiuchenggong Liquanming" and so on. The most famous running scripts are Meng Diantie and Hans Zhang Tie. There are many other styles. Zhang Tang said in "Broken Books and Huaiguan":
"Inquiring about the eight-body style, the brushwork is dangerous, the printing body is very thin, and the flying white is the best, steeper than the ancients. Like a dragon and snake fighting, the clouds are light and the wind is light. The wind whirls and thunders like a god. The decay of the true line comes from the big order, so don't become one. As dense as an armory spear and halberd, Shen Feng is stricter than wise water and less polished than Shinan. Its cursive script is circulated, which can be regarded as two kings. It can be used as a dynamic color, but it scares him to jump, does not avoid danger, and hurts elegance. "
Yu Shinan said that he "can get what he wants without choosing a pen and paper". Besides, he can write a good official script. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, the tablet of Xuzhou Cishifang was his official script. His calligraphy, with official script as the most. Examining its pen, it is both round and powerful. "Surprised in the grass, sending between clouds. Another example is King Kong glaring and Lux punching. " Among them, strokes such as vertical hook are still official strokes. The inscription he wrote on the Buddhist stupa of Huadu Temple, the inscription on the grandfather Wen Yanbo and the inscription on Huangfu's birthday are called "the first regular script in the Tang Dynasty". His regular script has a very serious procedure, both in pen and structure, which is most convenient for beginners. The Thirty-six Methods of Ouyang's Structure, which was circulated by later generations, is a structure writing method summarized from his regular script. His regular script "Zhang Hansi Sticking Bass" is long and vigorous. Ink handed down from generation to generation is especially precious. Ou Yangxun's son Ouyang Tong has a family of calligraphers. Both father and son are very famous in the book world and are called "Ouyang". Xiao Ouyang's "Taoist Monument" has a stronger sense of propriety, but it is too revealing and implicit.
Ou Yangxun's calligraphy was famous in the world as early as the Sui Dynasty, and spread abroad. When I entered the Tang Dynasty, people and books were old and perfect. However, Ou Yangxun himself was not satisfied with his achievements, and he continued to learn and improve.
On one occasion, Ou Yangxun went out for sightseeing and saw an inscription on Cao Zhang written by Suo Jing, a calligrapher in the Western Jin Dynasty. After reading it several times, he thought it was average. But on second thought, since Suo Jing is a generation of calligraphers, his books will also have their own characteristics. Why not let me get to the bottom of it? So I stood in front of the monument and looked at it several times, only to find the profound and wonderful place. Ou Yangxun sat down beside the stone tablet and groped for three days and nights. Ou Yangxun finally realized the spirit of Suo Jing's calligraphy pen, so calligraphy became more perfect.
Common European book inscriptions are:
1, Inscription of Liquan in Jiuchenggong: Regular script is Ou Yangxun's representative work and is often used as a model for learning European books. Wei Zhi wrote an article in which Emperor Taizong lived in Zhenguan for six years. A monument was erected. Calligraphy is rigorous and vigorous, and does not take a posture.
2. The full name of Yugong Gongbei is the official document of Yugong Gongbei, also known as Wenyanbo Gongbei, which was written in regular script at the age of 80. In the 11th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (AD 637), a monument was erected.
3. The full name of Huangfu Birthday Monument is Huangfu Prince Monument, which was written by Dr. Zuo Guanglu of Sui Dynasty. Also known as Huangfujun tablet. Regular script is Ou Yangxun's work when he was young, and there is no date on the tablet. This monument is hidden in Xi City, Shaanxi Province.
4. The full name of the pagoda Ming of Huadu Temple is the pagoda Ming of the monk of Huadu Temple:
Regular script is Ou Yangxun's masterpiece, which was written in the fifth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (AD 63 1).
Calligraphy theory, the "Eight Laws of Ou Yangxun", has unique opinions. Mason Lee's 84 laws in Ming Dynasty and Huang Zi's 92 laws in Qing Dynasty are instructive. Its "eight decisions" are: (points) such as the peak falling rocks; (Yoko) is like the new moon in the sky; (horizontal) like a thousand miles of clouds; (Vertical) Long live the withered vine; (Jiange) If Jinsong falls, it will fall on a cliff; (folded) like a crossbow of hosts; (left) If a sword breaks a rhinoceros horn; A wave of strokes is often repeated three times.
Related inscriptions:
Huadu temple monument
Inscription of Liquan in Jiuchenggong
Gong Yu Gongbei
Zhang's post
Huangfu birthday tablet
Meng diantie
Shang Bo post