Think diligently
Confucius said: "Learning without thinking means nothing." It can be seen how important thinking diligently is to the pursuit of knowledge. In fact, people should pay attention to thinking in all activities. Only through profound and thoughtful thinking can new discoveries be made, creative inspiration can be generated, rational sublimation can be achieved, and many avoidable mistakes can be avoided.
So, we must learn to think diligently and not be lazy thinkers.
Factual evidence
The proposal of the "continental drift theory"
The famous "continental drift theory" was proposed by the German geophysicist and meteorologist Wegener proposed. He found on the map that the convex part at right angles on the eastern end of Brazil in South America on the west coast of the Atlantic Ocean coincides with the concave part of the Cameroon coast of Africa on the east coast. Moreover, every convex and concave part of the Brazilian coast is consistent with every convex part of the African coast. The concave and convex places almost all correspond. He thought: If the two continents were moved closer together, then the two parts would coincide exactly. When he thought of this, his heart brightened: "These two continents may be one."
Later, after long-term research and through multiple arguments from geophysics, geology, paleontology and paleoclimate, he proposed the famous "Continental Drift Theory". He believes that the earth's continent was originally a single piece, which began to break apart about 300 million years ago, moving east, west, north and south, and then became what it is now.
Later, new scientific discoveries further proved his theory.
Wheeler's Regret
The 19th-century German chemist Wehler was an accomplished scientist in science. He had discovered two elements, aluminum and beryllium. But he also has regrets. Once, when he was studying ore, he discovered a chemical substance. Without thinking deeply, he arbitrarily concluded that it was metallic chromium. Soon, the Swedish physicist and chemist Schofstr?m also encountered this compound. He did not let it go easily, but conducted in-depth thinking and research, and finally discovered that the metal was vanadium. When Weller learned about it, he regretted it. Due to my own hastiness and failure to think carefully, I lost a good opportunity for scientific discovery.
Theoretical Arguments
1. You cannot learn without thinking deeply. Song Dynasty Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi's "Er Cheng Quanshu·Cuiyan·Lunxue"
2. Thinking, for example, if you drill through a well relentlessly, you will get clear water. Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty "A Brief Collection of Zhu Zi's Phrases"
3. Thinking is like digging a well. At first, there is muddy water, but after a while, the clear water comes out. People's thoughts are muddy at first, but become clear after a long time. Song Dynasty Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi's "Er Cheng Quan Shu· The Posthumous Letters of the Cheng Family in Henan"
4. Read old books hundreds of times, read them carefully and understand yourself.
Xie Juezai's "Selected Essays"
5. Only when you have doubts where you are not doubtful can you make progress. Qing Dynasty Zhang Boxing's "Xuegui Lei"
6. Questioning is the foundation of wisdom, and thinking is the way of wisdom. "Shuoyuan·Jianben" by Liu Xiang of the Han Dynasty
7. Learning without thinking will lead to ignorance, and thinking without learning will lead to peril. "The Analects of Confucius·For Politics"
8. Learn and think well, and then you can follow the right path. Song Dynasty Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi's "Er Cheng Ji·Chang Qian Dao Lu"
9. Learning does not hinder thinking, but the more you learn, the farther you think; thinking is beneficial to learning, and thinking about it If you are tired, you must study hard.
"Er Cheng Quan Shu" by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi of the Qing Dynasty
10. Thinking can form a bridge that leads us to new knowledge. [Germany] Planck
11. Developing the general ability to think independently and judge independently should always be given top priority, rather than the acquisition of professional knowledge. [US] Einstein
12. Thinking is the seed of behavior. [U.S.] Emerson
13. A young man who cannot think will gain nothing. [US] Edison
14. The most important things that can make me a scientist are: love for science; infinite patience in thinking about problems; diligence in observing and collecting facts. [English] Darwin
15. Think, continue to think, and wait for the dawn. Gradually, you will see the light. [English] Newton
16. Thinking makes people great. [Dharma] Bhaskar
17. Through space, the universe grabs and swallows me like a particle of dust, and I grab the universe through my thoughts.
[French] Bhaskar
18. If you think for a long time, blood and tears will drip from the tip of your pen. Lao She
19. If you don’t think, you will be confused; if you don’t ask, you won’t get; if you don’t ask, you won’t know. Chao of the Song Dynasty said it
20. A good head is stronger than a thousand strong hands. British Proverb
21. Think carefully and act diligently. Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
Learning
People who are erudite and talented often achieve success in their careers, have a good reputation in society, make more outstanding contributions than ordinary people, and are admired by others. The more knowledgeable people there are, the more progressive society will be.
The rolling torrent must be formed by trickles, and profound knowledge and misuse must be accumulated through years of hard study. Let us continue to study diligently, read widely, and prepare for tomorrow's erudition!
Factual arguments
Celebrities and erudition
1. Wang Chong of the Eastern Han Dynasty was eager to learn since he was a child, but his family was poor and had no money to buy books. He stood up and read in the Luoyang bookstore every day, studying hard year after year, and compiled the six categories of books listed in "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", including the Six Arts, Scholars, Poetry, Book of Life, Shushu, and Fangji.* He read almost all of the more than 10,000 volumes of ** that existed at that time, and became a famous philosopher and thinker "as a result of his extensive knowledge of hundreds of schools of thought". His masterpiece "Lunheng" had a huge influence on later generations.
Cao Xueqin in the Qing Dynasty was not only a famous novelist, but also an accomplished poet. His contemporaries praised him for his "wonderful poetry". He is also an excellent painter, especially in painting rocks. In his famous work "A Dream of Red Mansions", the knowledge covered includes medicine, psychology, music, poetry, geography, architecture, clothing, garden art, customs, cooking, etc. This shows Cao Xueqin’s extraordinary talent and profound knowledge.
2. Zu Chongzhi of the Southern and Northern Dynasties was a famous mathematician. He calculated that pi was between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. For the first time in the world, he calculated the accurate value of pi to 7 digits after the decimal point. This is more than 1,000 years earlier than Europe. Therefore, some Japanese mathematicians once suggested changing the name of pi to "zu rate". He also had great research on Wangmawen calendar and machinery. He compiled the "Da Ming Calendar" and measured the number of days in the tropical year, that is, the time between the winter solstice points in two years. The result was only 50 seconds different from the measurement result of modern astronomical science. bell. He created the "water mill", the "thousand-mile ship" and the "compassing car". He is also a scholar who studies the classics and the theories of various schools of thought. He has annotated Laozi, the Book of Changes, the Analects of Confucius, the Classic of Filial Piety and other books.
3. Guo Moruo, a famous modern Chinese writer, poet, historian, playwright, archaeologist, ancient literary calligrapher, calligrapher and social activist. He is a famous scholar with profound knowledge and outstanding talents in the history of modern culture. In 1921, he published his first collection of poems, "The Goddess," which proposed a "literary revolution" that was of great significance in the history of modern literature. A series of Laxological treatises such as "Research on Ancient Chinese Society" and "Research on Oracle Bone Inscriptions" creatively combine the study of ancient inscriptions with ancient history, opening up a new world for historical research. "The Bronze Age" and "Ten Critiques" examine the social history of pre-Qin Dynasty and evaluate the philosophical figures of various schools, and they are full of original ideas. Guo Moruo wrote abundantly throughout his life. In addition to creating many poems, novels, scripts, and writing many historical, philosophical, and political papers, he also translated many world famous works. "Collected Works of Moruo" has 17 volumes. Guo Moruo's erudition and versatility are the result of his lifelong study and hard work.
4. Mao Zedong is a famous Marxist revolutionist, strategist, theorist and poet in modern history. Although he has not received higher education, he is knowledgeable and recognized by the world. Mao Zedong was fond of reading throughout his life. When I was a boy, I borrowed books from everywhere to read, and when I was young, I was a frequent visitor to the library. In the war years, when the army was ruthless, he often did not hesitate to write. After the liberation, he entered Beijing. As a major leader of the party and the country, he had many things to do, but he still continued to study. According to incomplete statistics, from 1949 to September 1966, he borrowed nearly 2,000 kinds of books and more than 5,000 volumes from major libraries in Beijing. Just two years before his death in 1974, there were nearly 600 kinds of books borrowed and 1,100 volumes. There were books everywhere in Mao Zedong's chamber, on his bed, on his desk, and in the reception room. Reading was Mao Zedong's biggest hobby in his life.
5. Erudite Professor Chen Yinke
Chen Yinke, a famous modern historian and scholar. Known as "Professor of Professors".
The famous scholar Wu Mi said of him: "Combining all kinds of old and new Chinese and Western learning, I regard Yinke as the most knowledgeable person in China."
He studied "Shuo Shuo" in his youth. "Wen Jiezi" and exegesis, familiar with classics and "Twenty-Four Histories"; studied at Sugamo Kobun College in Tokyo, Japan at the age of 13, and studied in Europe and the United States at the age of 21. He studied at the University of Berlin in Germany, the Ecole Supérieure d'Etudes Politiques in Paris, France, and the ancient Zurich in Switzerland. Study, Harvard University, USA. He is proficient in English, German, French, and Japanese, and has basically mastered 19 languages ??including Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, Pali, Persian, Turkic, Tangut, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Manchu.
He served as a professor at many famous universities in Hong Kong and the Mainland, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy director of the Central Museum of Literature and History. He has done exquisite research on the history of the Wei, Jin, Nanguan Dynasties, Tang Dynasty, and Mongolia, as well as Sanskrit, Turkic, Xixia and other ancient texts and Buddhist classics, and is highly praised by scholars at home and abroad. His works include "A Brief Essay on the Origin of Institutions in the Sui and Tang Dynasties", "A Essay on the Political History of the Tang Dynasty", "A Essay on Yuanbai's Poems and Notes", "A Biography of Liu Rushi", etc., as well as a large number of papers such as "Jinmingguan Collection".
6. The Unparalleled Genius - Leonardo da Vinci
When talking about the famous Leonardo da Vinci, most people only know that he is the greatest painter in the European Renaissance. The world famous paintings "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper". In fact, he was not a very accomplished natural scientist, writer, or engineer.
In terms of mathematics, he invented the plus and minus signs we use, and he also left a lot of discussions on solid geometry; in terms of anatomy, he wrote 6 special volumes, which became the foundation of physiological anatomy. A pioneer; in physics, he proposed the principle of inertia and developed the hydraulic connection theory and the lever principle. He has made achievements in astronomy, water conservancy, architecture, etc.; he once built an aircraft and allowed it to travel at low air temperatures; he also designed a steam engine; he is also a writer, and he wrote the fantasy novel "Travel to the East" and wrote He has written many fables and poems. Contemporaries praised him as a "perfect man." Leonardo da Vinci is truly a genius.
Theoretical Arguments
1. Learning is better than becoming knowledgeable, and practice is better than making promises. "Yilin. Appendix. Yuan Zhunzhengshu" by Mr. Ma of the Tang Dynasty
2. If you are not knowledgeable, you will not be able to keep your promises, and if you are not determined, you will not be able to do it. "Er Cheng Quan Shu" by Cheng Hao of the Song Dynasty
3. More knowledge comes from erudition. "He Sheng Yu" by Ouyang Xiu of the Song Dynasty
4. Gain a wide harvest, extract the essence and use it widely. Zheng Zhenduo's "Hymn to Dancing Like the Sunrise"
5. Talent must be learned. Without learning, one cannot develop talents. The Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang's "Book of Commandments"
6. A person who is not well-read, does not know about the past and the present, does not see the facts, and does not know whether it is true or not, is like a person who is blind, deaf, or has a diseased nose
(Han. Wang Long)
7. The ideal scholar should be both broad and profound. The broad should know almost everything, and the profound should be almost exclusive to others. (Hu Shi)
8. A gentleman is knowledgeable and reflects daily, then he will know clearly and act without fault. "Xunzi. Encouraging Learning"
9. Be well-read and knowledgeable. (Han. Wang Long)
10. Hear a lot and understand the important things, have a wide knowledge and make good choices. (Jin. Ge Hong)
11. Reading through thousands of volumes, it feels like there is a god on the hair below. (Du Fu of Tang Dynasty)
12. You must read more. Only by reading more can you gain more knowledge. (Xu Teli)
13. After the birth of marginal science, scholars are required to have broader knowledge and more connected thinking.
[American] Beveridge has to be a master of science.
14. Read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles. Qian Yong, "Lv Yuan Cong Hua. Reading Ten Thousand Volumes of Books" by Qian Yong of the Qing Dynasty
15. Being knowledgeable and asking questions leads to wide knowledge. Huang Shigong, Han Dynasty, "Su Shu. Ambition to Seek People"
Reading
Some people say: "Books are stairs, books are ships, books are good medicine, books are nutrition, books are wisdom. "Books are teachers, books are legacy, loyalty and orders." "The importance of books to human beings cannot be overestimated. However, if you don’t read or can’t read, what is the use of books? Friends: You must not only own books and love books, but also be diligent in reading and apply what you have learned. Only then can the value of books be fully reflected.
In front of us is a vast sea of ??books and a towering mountain of books.
Let us set sail in the sea of ??books and reach the other side victoriously; let us work hard to climb the mountain of books and successfully reach the top!
Factual arguments
Song Lian’s reading experience
Song Lian’s courtesy name was Jing Lian and his nickname was Qian Xi. An important minister in the Ming Dynasty, he was known as "the first of the founding civil servants". Most of the rituals and music of a generation were adjudicated by him, and he wrote extensively. He was the author of "History of the Yuan Dynasty" and "Collected Works of Scholars of the Song Dynasty".
When he was young, his family was poor and he often borrowed books to study hard. In his article "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang", he described his experience of studying hard: He loved reading when he was young, but his family was poor and could not afford books. I would often go to the home of a book collector to borrow books. Once I borrowed a book, I would rush to copy it day and night. Even in the cold weather, when the inkstone water froze and my fingers were frozen, I could not write. He kept his word when borrowing books and returned them on time. Only those with books would be willing to lend him books.
When Song Lian was studying, when he encountered a problem that he could not solve himself, he would travel hundreds of miles away to find a famous teacher for advice. In the severe winter, he endured hunger, braved the wind and snow, walked through huge valleys, and climbed mountains. His feet were cracked by the cold and had bloody wounds, but he continued to look for his teacher. Song Lian studied hard for more than ten years and finally achieved outstanding results.
Cai Yuanpei has been studying like a day in sixty years
Cai Yuanpei, nicknamed Jiemin, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Chinese democratic worker revolutionaries, educators, scientists, and outstanding pioneers in the intellectual community. Compiled "Cai Yuanpei's First Collection".
Cai Yuanpei has been diligent in reading since he was a boy. There were many mosquitoes every day. When he was studying at night, he put his feet in a bucket to avoid mosquito bites and concentrated on reading. Throughout his life of hard work and revolutionary struggle, he never stopped reading. He recalled in his later years: "Since I was more than ten years old... until now, it has been almost sixty years... there has been almost no day without reading something." Because he has been reading all his life, he is knowledgeable and is known as Known as the "Academic Leader".
The origin of "Sanwei Bookstore"
Lu Xun entered the "Sanwei Bookstore" private school at the age of 12 and studied under Mr. Shou Jingwu. Mr. Lu Xun later wrote an article "From Baixi Garden to "Sanwei Bookstore"" to recall this experience.
"Sanwei Bookstore" was originally called "Sanyu Bookstore", which was named after Mr. Shou Jingwu's grandfather, Mr. Shou Fenglan. At that time, Dong Yu taught his disciples to seize the "three surplus" time to study. Dong Yu explained "three surplus" as: "Winter means the remaining years, recognition means the remaining days, and cloudy and rainy means the sunny days." According to Mr. Shoufenglan Naming the bookstore is intended to guide students to cherish time and study diligently.
Later Shoufenglan read Su Shi's poem praising Dong Yu's "three mores": "The flavor of this life lies in the three mores." After careful consideration, I feel that "three flavors" are better than "three more". Those with "three flavors" "read the classics and taste like rice, read history like delicious food, and read hundreds of scholars and taste like glutinous rice." Cultivate students' interest in reading and guide students Study hard actively. Reading three flavors is endless fun.
Peng Dehuai never leaves his books
The famous proletarian revolutionist and strategist Peng Dehuai wrote a letter criticizing the "Lushan Conference" held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1959 since 1958. He was criticized and dismissed for his left-leaning errors and for insisting on correct opinions. After he was dismissed from office, he moved out of Zhongnanhai. When cleaning up his things, he handed over all his marshal uniforms, fox fur coats, carpets, etc. He said, "I don't want anything that ordinary people don't need. But I can't throw away any books." He moved his collection of more than 20 boxes of books to his new home on the outskirts of Beijing. In 1965, when he went to work on the third front line in Southwest China, he took more than 20 boxes of books with him. During the ten years of catastrophe, Peng Dehuai suffered bad luck and persecution, but what he could not forget were those books. He said to the security staff: "I don't have any other instructions. I just care about my books." After work, he immersed himself in books. There were books everywhere on the table, bed, and cabinets. He studied very seriously, and the books he read were full of annotations.
Cao Yu is reading in the bathtub
my country's outstanding modern playwright Cao Yu wrote "Thunderstorm" when he was 23 years old, which shocked the drama world at that time. Later, he wrote such influential works as "Sunrise" and "Wilderness". In addition, there are also plays "Metamorphosis", "Peking Man", "Home", "Wang Zhaojun" and "The Sword of Courage" co-written with others. It is no accident that he has such brilliant achievements. It is inseparable from his diligent study.
There is an interesting anecdote: Once, Cao Yu's family prepared hot water for the bath and urged Cao Yu, who was studying, to take a bath.
After he entered the inner room, no one came out for a long time. His family listened inside and outside, and the sound of water could be heard from time to time in the room. After a long time, no one came out. Cao Yu's wife was suspicious, so she pushed the door open and looked over, "Hey!" It turned out that Cao Yu was sitting in the basin, fascinated by reading. He was holding a book in one hand and looking attentively, while holding a towel in the other hand and patting the water subconsciously. He didn't wash at all, but the water was already cold.
Edison used books as a pillow
The famous American scientist Edison made nearly 2,000 inventions in his life and was known as the "King of Inventions." This is also inseparable from his diligent study. He often stayed up all night reading and looking up information. When he was so sleepy, he used the book as a pillow and lay down in the laboratory for a while. Therefore, someone said wittily: "No wonder Edison has so much knowledge. It turns out that he also absorbs nutrients from books in his sleep."
Franklin and the Book
United States Franklin, a famous politician and scientist in the 18th century, participated in the independence struggle, participated in drafting the Declaration of Independence, negotiated with the United Kingdom on behalf of the United States, and later signed the Paris Peace Treaty. He founded the Pennsylvania Journal and established the first public library in the United States. . He made important contributions to the study of atmospheric electricity and invented the lightning rod. Author of "Autobiography". Franklin loved reading since childhood. His family was too poor to afford schooling, so he had to make a living on his own since he was a boy. I often go hungry and save money to buy books and read. One day, Franklin saw a white-haired old driver on the road who was too hungry to walk. Lian Xin gave her his only piece of bread. The old woman saw that Franklin was also a poor man and could not bear to accept his bread. "You can eat, I have plenty in my bag." Franklin said, patting the backpack full of books. The old woman was eating bread, and Franklin took out a book from his backpack and read it with relish. "Child, why don't you eat bread?" the old woman asked. Franklin smiled and replied: "The taste of reading is much better than bread!" Due to financial constraints and limited ability to buy books, he had to borrow books often to read. He often knocked on the door from his friends to borrow books. He would even light a lamp and concentrate on reading. When he was tired, he would pour cold water on his head to refresh himself, sit down and continue reading, and return the book to the owner on time the next morning. , never breaks his promise.
Gorky reading books
Gorky, a great writer of the former Soviet Union, Lenin called him "the most outstanding representative of proletarian art."
He was born in a carpenter family during the Tsarist Russia. His father lost his father when he was 4 years old, and he was fostered at his grandmother's house. Because his family was extremely poor, he only attended primary school for two years. He entered the cold "human world" at the age of 10. He worked as an apprentice, a porter, a keeper, and a baker. He also wandered to southern Russia twice and suffered a miserable life. But he likes reading very much. In any case, he will take advantage of every opportunity to read eagerly in the book. As he said himself: "I threw myself on books like a hungry man on bread." He suffered all the humiliation in order to study. When I was 10 years old, I worked as an apprentice in a shoe store. I had no money to buy books, so I borrowed books from everywhere to read. The preschoolers at that time were actually slaves: they went to the streets to buy groceries, lit the stove, wiped the floor, washed vegetables and took care of the children... they worked from morning until half-finished every day. After a tiring day, use a homemade lamp to keep reading. The landlady forbade Gorky to study. She also searched for books in the attic and tore them into pieces when she found them. Because of his studies, he was severely beaten by the landlady. Gorky could endure anything in order to read, even willing to endure torture. He said: "If someone proposes to me: 'Go to the square and beat you with a stick!' I think, even on this condition, I can accept it."
Because Gorky's life Reading voraciously and working diligently, he wrote a large number of influential works: "Petrel", "Song of the Eagle", "Mother", "The Life of Klim Samkin", "Childhood", " "The World" and "My University". In addition, he also wrote scripts and a large number of political commentaries, features, literary criticism, etc.
Theoretical Arguments
1. If you don’t study for a day, you will have no good ideas; if you don’t study for a month, your ears and eyes will lose their clarity. Xiao Luan of the Qing Dynasty wrote "What You See in Reading"
2. People who don't know books are like beasts, only half an ear. Yan Fu's "Decision to Save the Nation"
3. In the relationship between people and literature, "fascination" is necessary. Mao Dun's "On "Enchantment""
4. Accumulating tens of millions of money has nothing to do with studying. Northern Qi Dynasty·Yan Zhitui's "Yan Family Instructions Encouraging Learning"
5. Reading is a noble mental exercise.
Beauty] Thoreau's "Walden Reading"
6. Books should lead to four ends: wisdom, piety, pleasure or practicality. [English] Denham's "On Wisdom and Consideration"
7. Reading any good book is like talking to the best people of the past era. [Method] Descartes' "Discourse on Method"
8. People say that life is the most important, but I think reading is the most important. [Beautiful] Smith's "Memories"
9. Books are good medicine for the soul. Greek proverb
10. Reading a book is like opening a window to life. Russian proverb
11. Whenever I read a good book for the first time, it is like making a new friend; whenever I read a book I have read before, it is like meeting an old friend again. [English] Goldsmith "Citizen of the World"
12. Choosing books is no less important than choosing friends. American Proverb
13. A person who believes in every book is worse than a person who reads no book at all. Japanese proverb
14. A bad book is worse than ten robbers. Italian proverb
15. It is better to have no books than to believe in books. "Mencius: Try Your Heart"
16. Read thousands of volumes and write like a god. Tang Dynasty Du Fu's "Twelve Rhymes Presented to Wei Zuo Cheng Zhang"
17. Read the old book a hundred times without getting tired of it. If you read it carefully, you will know yourself. Song Dynasty Su Shi's "Poem of Farewell and Enjoyment"
18. Reading without knowing the taste is not as good as sitting in a high cabinet. Qing Dynasty Yuan Mei's "Suiyuan Poetry·Supplement"
19. Reading is a taste of the body and forgets old age. "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript·Insomnia" by Lu You of the Song Dynasty
20. It is not difficult to collect books, but it is difficult to read them. Zou, Qing Dynasty, "Three Borrowing Lu Bi Tan"