Original author: Talented Scholars of the Three Kingdoms. Reprinting is prohibited. Original title: The world's first art university was in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it was Hongdu Menxue
As we all know, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was an eternal emperor. After the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty, what is little known is that Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was also a literary emperor with a lot of artistic talent. After the death of his beloved concubine Wang Meiren, he wrote "Ode to Pursuing De" and "Ode to Lingyi" for her. The two poems and poems, the poems and poems changed the tone of the official articles, and appeared to be sentimental, sad and tactful. They were indeed the true feelings of the emperor. It is a pity that these two heroic articles have not been handed down to the world, so that people today cannot have a glimpse of them. It is said that they were destroyed by the jealous Queen He after his death.
The first art academy in the Eastern Han Dynasty
Not only could Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty write poetry, but he also founded the world's first professional art academy - Hongdu Menxue
In February of the first year of Guanghe (AD 178), Emperor Ling wanted to compile fifty chapters of "Huang Xi Pian". In order to complete this work, some people with literary talents were recruited. It was originally intended to select some people who were both good at classics and literature. Since the Emperor Ling did not issue an edict regarding the selection of candidates, the ministers responsible for this matter, Jijiu Lesong and Jia Hu, could not accept the "ruler slips" and "gongshu". The people who wrote "bird seal script" were also selected, and more "those who had no interest in doing things" were recruited, and they were temporarily allowed to wait under the sect of Hongdu. These people came from the grassroots level of society and were quite popular with Emperor Ling because they were familiar with local customs and folk anecdotes. So in the first year of Guanghe, based on these people, the Hongdu School was established. It was named because the school was located in Hongdumen, Luoyang.
During the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, the political struggle in the court was very fierce. Because Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty favored the eunuchs, he encountered fierce opposition from the majority of court officials who were scholars.
In this way, Emperor Ling’s motive for founding the school was not simple: to cultivate his own set of people and fight against the entangled scholars. Even so, it was still good. It accidentally created a National record and world record: It is the first art college in my country and the earliest art college in the world.
As we all know, today’s students with artistic talents are very popular. They are given extra points in the college entrance examination. It is even more awesome to become an artist after graduation. You can make money by practicing acupoints and have a lot of fans. From the toilet Every time you come out, there are people looking for autographs. Every time you fart, there are people to study it. Every time there is a scandal, there are people to hype it up.
History tells us that times are different and people’s situations are different.
The literati of the Eastern Han Dynasty regarded the study of Confucian classics as their orthodoxy, and relied on it for admission, examinations, and employment. Literature and art have always been regarded as low-level talents, only the talents of inferior people, and are highly despised. And those comrades who engage in literature and art are often the children of poor people. They often produce a lot of art that no one applauds, and it does not help much in their own employment (others will not recommend it). It is really depressing!
The concept of Hunjun intervening in teaching
Feng shui took turns, and all of this changed in the first year of Guanghe, at the hands of the most famous Hunjun in history.
Although Comrade Lingdi was a mess in his job as emperor, he was an arty artist (he could write poems and rhymes). Since it is an art school, its educational purposes, teaching concepts, and enrollment methods are completely opposite to those of Taixue:
Taixue engages in classical research, while it focuses on artistic creation;
What Taixue does not teach, it teaches everything;
Taixue recruits the children of nobles, but it prefers to leave opportunities to the children of the poor.
Let’s face each other!
If you are a literary and artistic student during the Ling Emperor period, then special congratulations to you, because under the personal care of the leader, you learned from Hongdu Sect Students who go out are basically assigned.
The only regret is that I am not professionally qualified and cannot apply what I have learned.
This cannot be blamed on the leaders of the school. You must know that there were no various writers associations, literary federations, or calligraphy associations to go to at that time, and there was no market for literary and artistic creation. It could only be a second job for fun.
But Comrade Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was indeed very liberating and benevolent in his thoughts. Can’t artists govern the country? I will give you a new job with a bright future - politics.
Ordinary comrades may think that they will be assigned to poverty alleviation and development in remote and poor areas, or they will be assigned to Qingshui Yamen to run errands and do odd jobs. However, when you further understand that you will be You will definitely smile when you are assigned a job: if you perform well, you can be a servant or minister if you stay in the central government; if you are assigned to a local place, you can be a governor, county magistrate, or county magistrate. As soon as you graduate, you have all the benefits and grades, you have a car and a house, you have good food and drink, but you still have opinions? Boy, just have fun secretly.
You can be successful just by writing articles and drawings. This is a great place to study in an art college.
Breaking the opposition in the field of education
Hongdu School has not been established for a long time, but it has cultivated a large number of literary and artistic backbones, especially in the field of calligraphy, there are many talents, such as Shiyi Guan, Liang Hu, Mao Hong and others are good at writing a special hieroglyphic calligraphy that combines characters with birds - bird and insect seal script, as well as the predecessor of regular script - bafanshu.
Although the eunuchs failed in their politics, objectively speaking, Hongdu Menxue bravely broke the situation where Confucian classics were exclusive, making the art that the world calls trivial and trivial can wait for the elegant hall (today The popularity of artists must be traced back to it); secondly, in an era where the concept of identity and family status is important, it can bravely support the children of poor people without engaging in identity discrimination, so that everyone has equal opportunities to enter school. It is really a good thing.