Category Forbidden City gold wares
Author Qing Ministry of Internal Affairs Office
During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty in the 1960s.
Cultural relics originally belonged to the Qing Palace.
These cultural relics are now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
Venue: hall of mental cultivation (Treasure Hall), Ningshougong District.
Gold inlaid treasure "Jin Ou Gu Yong" cup, height 12.5cm, diameter 8cm, made of gold, tripod-shaped, round and straight. The middle part of the mouth is engraved with the seal script "Jin Ou Gu Yong" and the words "Qianlong Year System". The outer wall is covered with precious flowers. The stamens are mainly pearls, rubies and sapphires. There is a deformed dragon ear on each side, and there are beads on the faucet. All three legs are elephant heads, with slightly smaller ears, long teeth, curled nose and jewels embedded between forehead and eyes.
During the Qianlong period, the Qing Palace made all kinds of wine glasses, among which there were many works of dragon ears with many styles, but few such works were based on elephant trunks. The design and processing of this golden cup are excellent, and it is a special wine glass for the emperor.
"Golden Ou Gu Yong Cup" means that the territory and political power of the Qing Dynasty will be eternal. "Jin 'ou Gu Yong Cup" is a special wine glass for the opening ceremony held by the Qing emperors on New Year's Day every year. In the early morning of New Year's Day, the Qing emperor opened the window of hall of mental cultivation, put the "Golden Ou Gu Yong Cup" on the long table of rosewood, poured Tu Su wine into the cup, lit candles, raised his brush and wrote auspicious words, praying for peace and long-term stability of the country. Therefore, the "Golden Ou Gu Yong Cup" was regarded as a precious ancestral artifact by the Qing emperors.
According to the records in the archives of the Qing Dynasty's internal affairs office, Qianlong attached great importance to the production of the "Golden Ou Yonggu Cup", not only using precious materials such as gold, pearls and gems in the library, but also carefully drawing patterns before each process in the production process until the emperor was very satisfied.
To celebrate the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the Palace Museum, Beijing White Peacock Art World cooperated with the Palace Museum and was supervised by the Palace Museum. The White Peacock Art World hired craftsmen to make 80 high-quality "Golden European Cup" imitations.
origin
When the young emperor Qianlong was thirty years old, when he was thirty years old (Qianlong was four years old, 1739), he ordered the Ministry of Internal Affairs to make a gold cup with the words "Jin Ou Gu Yong" engraved on it. "Ou" originally refers to drinking utensils such as cups and bowls. Later, the ancients often used "Jin Ou" to represent the state power.
This magnificent golden cup was carefully made by the Qing Palace Architectural Office with gold, pearls and precious stones from the inner government. From design to production, the cup was presented and revised repeatedly until Emperor Qianlong was satisfied. Why did Emperor Li Hong attach so much importance to a cup? It turns out that this is not an ordinary wine glass. This royal tripod-shaped gold cup is a ritual instrument for the opening ceremony of the emperor on New Year's Eve.
Every year on the first day of the Lunar New Year (that is, the first day of the Lunar New Year and the Spring Festival), the opening ceremony (also known as pen testing) began in yongzheng emperor, and became a standard system by the time of Emperor Qianlong. Later emperors respected it and followed it. At noon at the beginning of the new year (around midnight), amid the sound of firecrackers, the emperor sat in a cubicle named "Bright Window" in the southwest corner of hall of mental cultivation East Warm Pavilion. He personally lit a candle stand named "Jade Candle Long Tune", poured the wine into a gold cup engraved with the words "Jin Ou Forever" on the case, and then dipped a brush engraved with the words "Evergreen" into the writing. The emperor sometimes writes a poem about trial writing on New Year's Day, describing the jade candle beside Jin 'ou, the son of heaven paying New Year greetings, and praying for the prosperity of politics, the eternal protection of the country and the reunification of ten thousand years. After the opening ceremony, the emperor personally arranged them one by one and ordered them to be collected in the palace for use on New Year's Day next year.
The "Golden Ou Gu Yong" Cup was handed down from generation to generation by emperors after the Qianlong Dynasty in Qing Dynasty, and was regarded as a precious ancestral relic. Today, the Golden Cup is still brilliant and precious, but the "bright window" of the opening ceremony was demolished in the late Qing Dynasty, and the vast Jiangshan and magnificent Forbidden City were also owned by the people.