The Qianlong jade seal was made on 1793. It is one of a set of three jade seals, the dragon totem represents the king, and the motto is "self-improvement".
A few days ago, Sotheby's auction house in London auctioned a dry dragon jade seal "Bagua Bao" at a price equivalent to 40 million yuan, which attracted the attention of Chinese people. The jade seal is also an emperor's seal carved with beautiful jade. Before the Qin Dynasty, seals were the seals of princes, ministers and officials. Did everything wrong? The foreign reserve said, at the bottom left, "Please reply to the seal to cure the leaves." The seal here means official seal, that is, please go to the local office. After the Qin dynasty, the seal refers to the seal of the emperor. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, He Bi became a seal, which was handed down from generation to generation and became a token of the emperor's "being ordered by heaven". Zhang Heng of the Han Dynasty said in the Ode to Tokyo: "Guan, Pei Yuxi and the Emperor Group are all important officials." The jade seal, like the celestial crown, the ribbon worn by the emperor and the sword symbolizing the identity of the emperor are all special things for the emperor.
Since the imperial seal handed down from generation to generation disappeared at the end of the Tang Dynasty, since the Ming Dynasty, emperors of all dynasties have deliberately played down the status of the imperial seal and carved seals according to their own preferences. Before the Qing army entered the customs, Huang Taiji's seal was carved in Manchu and also in ancient seals. After Dingding entered Beijing, the imperial court was established according to the Ming system, and the seal of the Qing emperor was also carved according to the ancient system. The materials are jade, gold, yellow stone and sandalwood. Among them, the material of the jade seal is divided into white jade, sapphire and jade; The dragon pattern of Yinniu has two intertwined dragons, a winding dragon and a crouching dragon. According to different needs, the size of the seal varies from six square inches to two inches a minute.
Emperor Qianlong had a wide range of interests, rich in literature and ancient arts, and many seals. He Shengsheng, a poet in A Qing, recorded in Miscellanies of Cigarette Mouth that in the eleventh year of Qianlong, there were 25 seals in Jiaotai Hall, with different seals and uses. The seal is "the treasure of Qing dynasty", which shows that the unification of Qing dynasty is a godsend; "treasure to heaven" shows that the emperor acted according to providence; The Treasure of the Heirs of the Qing Dynasty shows that imperial power is continuous. "Emperor's Treasure" is used to issue letters of pardon or commutation for criminals at special celebrations or funerals; On the other hand, the "treasure of the emperor" with different materials and patterns shows the majesty of the emperor; "The treasure of the son of heaven" is used to worship the gods; "the treasure of the emperor's respect for relatives" is used to praise and praise the title; "The treasure of royalty" is used to send letters to clans; "the emperor's treasure" is used to award; "Emperor Xinbao" is used to recruit soldiers and horses; "Tianzi Hangbao" is used to reward ethnic minorities; "Tian Zi News" is used to give orders to local governments; The "treasure of respecting heaven and diligent people" is used to inform the foreign minister of the DPRK; The "treasure of patent system" is used to inform the DPRK ministers; The "treasure of life" is used to seal official titles; "treasure of training" is used to publicize the country's legal system and etiquette; "Treasure of life and virtue" is used to reward loyalty; "Qin seal" is used for ceremonies and music regulations; The "treasure of history" is a doctrine to respect the ancient times; "Treasure Hunting in the World" is used for going out for inspection; "the treasure of punishing crimes and reassuring the people" is used to crusade and declare war; "the treasure of controlling the six divisions" is used to handle military affairs; The "treasure of all nations" is used to inform foreign countries; "Treasure on earth" is used to inform the four sides; "Treasure of Guang Yun" is used to seal and mark important official documents.
In addition to the 25 seals of Jiaotai Hall, Qianlong has more than a dozen seals in Shenyang, the capital. The seal is "Danfu's all-round display of the treasure of life" and "Tian Feng's ancestors loved the people". Other seals are the same as those of Beijing Palace, but the materials, sizes and patterns are different. In addition to "official seals", there are many "private seals" in Qianlong for personal use. For example, he has a "treasure of imperial view", which is specially used to seal up the appreciated calligraphy and painting. At the age of seventy, he had a "treasure of the ancient emperor". Sotheby's auction house in London auctioned the "Bagua Bao" made by Qianlong to celebrate his 80th birthday. Prior to this, the "Qianlong Imperial Pen" auctioned by Sotheby's in Hong Kong and the "Jiuzhou Qing 'anbao" auctioned by French auction houses were also Qianlong Imperial Seals.
Because now the jade seals made by Qianlong are everywhere, and most of them are hard to find. So how many imperial seals he carved in his life has become an unsolved mystery.
How many people in this world have seen the jade seal? Of course, don't say touch. Think about it, if you were born in ancient times and beheaded while your majesty was not paying attention, it would be a big mistake. The imperial seal also represents the respected position of a generation of emperors, which is the supreme boundary and does not allow any infringement. How many imperial seals have been used in ancient and modern times? And how to estimate the value of jade seal manufacturing? If you can't use priceless treasures, you can't set off the importance of the jade seal!
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