Teach you to write cursive script.

Talking about students writing cursive script in calligraphy school. Seal script, official script, regular script, running script, cursive script and cursive script are the most difficult calligraphy styles to write. The art of China's calligraphy is line art, which develops continuously, resulting in today's cursive script, which has reached the acme of line beauty. The difficulty of cursive script is that cursive script combines all kinds of brushwork of seal script and regular script, but it is invisible. In this regard, Liu Xizai said well: "The strokes of cursive script should be transferred to other books, but the strokes of other books should be understood in cursive script." The difficulty of cursive script lies in the continuous and close echo relationship between the pen and the pen, the knot and the knot, and the line and the line. Occasionally, there is no connection, but there is a continuous blood. The difficulty of cursive script lies in the fact that one font, or different characters in the same body, changes "like disorganization" and "every inch must be divided", which has strict changes. Such as "unity of knowledge and action". The most difficult thing in cursive script is to express the calligrapher's quality, character, temperament, experience and thoughts and feelings through the form of lines. Liu Xizai said in "Introduction to Art": "Calligraphers are like people, like their learning, like their talents, like their aspirations. In short, he is like a man. " The deeper and stronger the expression, the higher the artistic realm. There are many difficulties in cursive writing, especially Cai's On Calligraphy. Bao once said, "He is secretive about calligraphy" and "cursive writing is the most difficult". The cursive script itself is correct. It is really difficult to learn and establish characters by preparing its bones with seal script and standardizing its methods with regular script. Are we avoiding these difficulties? Brave despite all the difficulties? "Nothing is difficult in the world, as long as you are willing to climb." I think, as long as you are willing, dare and persist in practical exploration, you will definitely reach the ideal gold coast. I'm not going to talk about academic theory in depth today, but I just want to talk about some practical problems and concise knowledge of our beginners. First, if you want to learn cursive, you must first understand cursive. The cursive script is divided into Cao Zhang, Jincao and Crazy Grass. This kind of grass evolved from Cao Zhang. Cao Zhang and Jin Cao have their own laws. Today I mainly talk about grass. This kind of grass (including weeds) has two basic meanings: ① Regular script method. ② The law of cursive script itself. The statute of regular script, in short, is to write cursive script according to the structure consciousness of regular script, and explain the simplified Chinese characters clearly, so that people can see the shapes of points and lines that are both interrelated and independent. Cursive script has its own rules. First, long lines make the range of rotation and hovering large. There are independent words, continuous words and even numbers connected. Second, it is strictly stipulated that "multi-space separation, each in its place." Third, borrow from each other. The last word is the beginning of the next word, and some words are replaced by symbols. For example,' し' can replace radicals like' Yan,,, and water'. Cursive rules only allow vertical couplet, not horizontal couplet and so on. If you don't understand this law first and start writing rashly, it will become a gobbledygook. Hovering makes it impossible to grasp the extent of turning and becomes another word, such as "knowing and doing". "Heron shadows don't come in autumn, reed flowers accompany the road" and "ワ" are symbols. These symbols can be written as "ワン?". Drunk letters come in two or three lines, but I can't write them when I wake up. The last two points of his calligraphy symbols begin with "no". Spinning like a fairy. If the word "fairy" is not written in block letters, it is written as "heart". Similar to the word' heart'. Mr Yu Youren once said, "I learned grass in middle age, and I only remember one word every day. In two or three years, I can write. " Today, we can learn from this method, learn while learning, remember while learning, find out the law, get familiar with the face, and remember the statutes. This is the first priority for cursive learners. How do you know? (1) Recognize the words in the post first. (2) Understand the general idea of the words in the template, understand the specific background of his writing, and analyze his thoughts, feelings and artistic conception. (3) Know the size of the rotation and the degree of retraction. If you didn't know it before, it's just like Sun said, "My heart is faint and my hands are confused." Second, if you want to learn cursive script, you should memorize it first. The cursive script is characterized by continuous brushwork, in one go, reasonable distribution of dry and wet shades, well-founded, lingering, full of charm and decisive writing. In the past, the law posts were often like this, so this arrangement should be made when writing to achieve the means of posting. If cursive script is different from other characters, the composition and dot structure are synchronous. This is because cursive script is continuous, tortuous and changeable, which means that the pen is determined by it and there is a relaxed sense of integrity. Because of the ups and downs of these points and lines, sudden lifting, sharp turning and folding, instantaneous changes of virtual reality and continuous situations, you should be bold in writing and not allow to think for a moment. If you don't memorize the contents and these changes first, how can you start writing, input rubbings and publish them again? Back to what? ① Recite the content. (2) The posture of reciting words and the swaying dynamic posture of word-to-word connection are carefully observed and memorized, and the' static' strokes on the template are arranged in a dynamic form. (3) Not only the ink strokes should be memorized into words, but also the blanks between these ink strokes should be memorized. Turn the size and leave a blank space, often forming the calligrapher's face. The ancient experience of "playing with the concept of familiarity" and "learning and thinking, thinking and learning" is desirable. Strive to deepen the understanding between words, lines and the whole cloth, strengthen memory, and obtain four beauties: beauty of lines, beauty of structure, beauty of rhythm and beauty of artistic conception. Yao said in the Qing Dynasty: "Ancient monuments are in sight, but not in life. Experience is wonderful, and the pen begins to fascinate." This is a valuable experience worth talking about. Third, when writing cursive script, you should change the pen suddenly and suddenly. Cursive script should first set a big tone, emphasizing rhythm and sense of rhythm. In short, its jumping phenomenon, sometimes like the waves of the sea, sometimes like the microwaves of Pinghu, can not be used evenly like other books. Sometimes you have to go up and down with your whole body's strength, and sometimes you make an understatement and occasionally take a pen. Others are as fast as lightning. For example, in Zhang Xu's Four Ancient Poems, it is difficult to save Gong Fei for ten thousand years. If it is not expensive, how can it go to heaven? Others understand slowly, and the pen is broken. For example, "the prince is clear and spacious, and the area is really noisy." At first glance, you are suddenly ill, and at the same time, you have to change pens instantly and alternate quickly and suddenly, so as to achieve the characteristics of continuous body and mind, bold brushwork and distinct melody rhythm. If you improve your writing style, you can express your feelings and express your personality incisively and vividly. The alternation of illness and Xu, the turning point of Teton, are constantly carried out with the situation of words, the ups and downs of momentum and the changes of feelings. Only by not using words can we understand it, and we will experience and verify it in practice in the future. Fourth, the writing level and capacity of cursive script. Generally speaking, when writing cursive script, the pen should be held higher, the palm of your hand should be empty, and the pen holder of the long pen should be correspondingly longer, which can be held to 2/3 to adapt, so that it is easy and flexible to show the turning point of cursive script. Physically, if the pen holder is too low and the upper gravity is too high to control, it is difficult to concentrate on the pen tip. As the ancestors said, "every stroke should use all your strength." In order to send the force to the bottom of the paper, it is also suitable for 2/3 pens. The palm of your hand that you advocated when you were a beginner should be upright. At this time, the palm of your hand should be tilted downward, just like other books, but you must have a big chest, open your arms, extend your hands far away, and look at the whole paper with your eyes, so that your spirit will be cool and your strength will be fully exerted. Five, cursive calligraphy. The charm of cursive script lies in the embodiment of pen and ink. If it is used well, it will show rich changes. Due to the ingenious use of pens and the unique effect of Xuan paper, there will be multi-level changes of dryness, wetness, thickness, lightness and dryness in the beginning, transportation and finishing of pens, which will make our cursive script vigorous when dry, moist when wet, heavy when thick, elegant when light and old when dry. Ink is divided into five colors, which is how to distinguish it from ink. The multi-level application of ink depends on my skills, proficiency and personality. Different levels of pen and ink can show the characteristics of people and books. For example, in Qing Dynasty, Wang Wenzhi liked to use light ink, but his style was elegant. I like to use thick ink when I am drunk, but my style is rich and simple. Those who lack kung fu should use slightly light ink, and it is easy to fall behind with thick ink. Those who have kung fu can use thick ink, and the lines in the book are heavy and thick. It is said that some people can't write rice paper, and some people gnash their teeth and show their bones when they are dry, which is why the technology is not enough. ) Ink died for two reasons: ① Su Mo. (2) There is only pen and ink kung fu, but there is no rigidity in the aura of kung fu outside the book. On the other hand, if there is a tacit understanding between pen-and-ink kung fu and off-book kung fu, the stronger the kung fu, the deeper the artistic conception, and Su Mo will also become living ink, with a strange interest and look. Calligraphy has two rhymes: one is ink embellishment (rhyme) and the other is verve. The charm is full of words, but it lacks the embellishment of pen and ink, like a girl with a smart body, a slim figure and rough skin. We are used to using ink on general absorbent paper, and we can mix it at will. For example, if we write on rice paper, we can mix 2/3 of ink and water content 1/3 evenly. If you can grind ink a few more times, it will be the same as grinding ink. Sixth, writing cursive script should use a pen. The beauty of cursive strokes lies in the strength of strokes, which presents a three-dimensional sense from rigidity. This effect is achieved by raising the pen with the front end. What is a cover? The transparent part of a pen. The pen is divided into three parts, the front pen head is divided into two equal parts, the lower part is divided into three parts, the bottom is divided into two halves, two thirds is divided into two halves, and then the pen is divided into three parts. Generally speaking, it is better to mix two pens with one pen, and use at most half of the writing pen. The cursive front should be wrapped first and then displayed, and the pen should be moistened. What I want to emphasize here is that the mention is frequent, temporary, and the meal is also mentioned. Mention is divided into two parts: one is actual mention, and the other is intentional mention. Rice is rice in the sense. In the operation of the pen, it is necessary to rotate the pen face from time to time and change one pen after another. Because the pen is divided into eight sides, you can use up to four sides, and the most accurate one can use eight sides. Someone (Qingfu) saw that my pen couldn't write without ink, and then asked me why, and replied that it was because I could still use a pen. I can say that if there is any specialty, it is that the ink in the pen is equal to that of others, so I can write more words. Seven, the composition of cursive script. Cursive strokes, dotted lines, different sizes. Moreover, the word has a word state, the line has a potential, and the edge is oblique, which changes a lot. I am at a loss to learn the layout of books. At this time, it is necessary to grasp the main contradiction and make you ever-changing. I try to be stable. With the principle of regular script, the requirement of "one point into one word, one word is the standard of the final text" swings on your imaginary axis. There are five points for attention: ① Pay attention to the use of the main pen and the main character, such as "knowing and doing". (2) pay attention to the measures to grasp the center of gravity, that is, one word has one word, one line has one line, and one chapter has one chapter. (3) to one go, charm. The main points are mutual hope, affection in every word, mutual compromise and mutual echo between the lines. ⑤ The inscription is consistent with the text in the text. If the text is tight, the words are tight, and if the text is sparse, the words will follow. According to the content, the poor are poor and the rich are rich. Depending on the text. Printing is very particular, and the position and size are constrained by the content and words. Cursive script can best express the temperament and personality of the writer. Because of the emotional effect on the pen, it often goes beyond the definition. This natural composition is full of energy, and it seems impossible to get away with it. This successful composition comes from two premises: ① Learning from tradition, getting in and out of inscriptions, mastering everything, and having a million images of Qian Qian that can be lingering at any time. (2) Skilled pen and ink skills, truly understand poetry, stimulate emotions, and apply them to calligraphy works. Eight, the choice of template. Sun's book spectrum is suitable for beginners. Park Tree has four main characteristics: ① Mode is its law. ② Take pen delivery as the criterion. (3) The strokes are concise, the structure is accurate, the self-discipline is complete, the body is healthy and graceful, and the danger is saved. The whole article is integrated. ④ The ink is clear. Secondly, you can choose according to your hobbies. Huai Su's cursive "Thousand Characters" and "Brave Cao Zhen Thousand Characters" are both vigorous. Zhang Xu's Four Ancient Poems, Huai Su's Autobiographical Post and Huang Gu's All Seats are all examples. The cursive scripts of Dong Qichang, Zhang Ruitu, Xian Yushu and Zhao Mengfu. , Huang Daozhou, Ni, cursive script, etc. Attachment: All kinds of calligraphy styles, that is, seal script, cursive script and calligraphy art can show artistic characteristics, but some of them have struggled for it all their lives and failed to achieve artistic results. Calligraphy belongs to the art category, which can be appreciated, infected and inspired. If it does not belong to the art category, it can be used as an application. Calligraphy art is different from other sister arts. It can be regarded as a work of art in two aspects: one is a work for people to appreciate. It transcends the traditional book environment, creates a new look with personal pen and ink skills, and gives people new enlightenment and infection in structure, line spacing, composition and momentum. This is the minimum condition for being a calligrapher. Secondly, the creation is innovative, which is the result of calligraphers' in-depth understanding of the artistic conception of poetry, the background and specific experience of the author and his works, the feelings revealed and the feelings inspired by it. Calligraphy is a high-level calligraphy art, with lyrical ambition, soul, spirit and vitality. Without skill, the artistic conception has nowhere to attach. But without soul and artistic conception, skill is just a pile of points and a pile of meat. Throughout the ages, excellent works have been preserved and highly praised by calligraphers through the unity of techniques and artistic conception. Preface to Lanting Collection, Sacrifice to My Nephew, Cold Food Poetry and Zhang's ink are no exception. In our view, we can't say that works of art are good, but what becomes works of art is invisible. On the other hand, it is not desirable, that is, we have not yet achieved the performance effect of the ability to observe and identify skills and artistic conception. If you want to make achievements in calligraphy, you must gradually learn to improve your cognitive ability. I suggest law school continue. What calligraphy is a course? We should give practical guidance and appreciate the works at the same time. After the analysis of the works, the ability to distinguish between good and bad has increased, and the progress of practice has also been faster. Calligraphers' feelings are the source of excellent works, woody. Whether the calligrapher's feelings are rich or not is determined by the comprehensive tacit understanding of personal cultivation, knowledge, temperament, mind and inner world. We can imitate any calligraphy skills of ancient and modern masters, such as strokes, knots, spacing, spacing and composition, and we can learn from them. The artistic conception and style created by feelings are not easy to get. It can be said that skills cannot serve artistic conception. The deeper you write, the more skillful you are. Skills can have a tacit understanding with artistic conception. The deeper the work, the higher the artistic conception. Someone asked me if I could express my feelings in other scripts, especially regular script, and said yes. This still requires learning and affection. As Sun said, "When Wang Xizhi wrote, he was full of melancholy, when painting praise, he was full of wonder, and when Huang Tingjing was full of nothingness" and so on. They are all works that express feelings and artistic conception in different periods. How to copy? (The book is divided into two stages. Don't ask which book, tablet or style you copied. The process of regularity is: unlike-like-unlike the image in China. This way of learning from tradition, learning from knowledge, and then changing to achieve innovative goals is insurmountable for any calligrapher. Advocate to raise your head and practice hard, and disapprove of practicing hard in the same way. At the same time, practice the same inscription, the progress is fast or slow, in addition to talent, literacy, temperament, knowledge, the key is to look up and learn the law. Looking up means strengthening observation and research in practice. Learning and thinking, thinking and learning practice are important means to acquire its form or spirit. If you bury your head, it's easier to get its shape than its spirit. Calligraphy belongs to visual art and has great intuition. Therefore, without keen observation, the ability to grasp the artistic style of previous calligraphy is weak. Facing the inscription, I feel so complicated that I can't pick it up. Like a gourd, it is not the essence of predecessors' art. On the contrary, by careful observation, we can carefully speculate on his characteristics of writing, composition, and the resulting spirit and momentum, and further ponder over the fascinating interest revealed by his subtle changes, which can not only be in tune with the shape and spirit of the nearby monument, but also have things that others are easy to ignore and even the calligraphers of the monument have not noticed. We can reach the point that Sun said in his book spectrum: "The viewer is still refined, and the painter is also expensive." The above are the learning methods for beginners for your reference. In the second stage, by studying various inscriptions, we can get their shape and spirit, accumulate and change constantly, and have a profound basic means of copying. The replication method should be changed. Dong Qichang also said so: "When you suddenly meet a stranger, you don't have to look at his eyes, ears, hands, feet and head, but at his manners, jokes and spirit." I read some posts of Dong Qichang in my early years, such as Zhang Zhi's post and Qiuyue's post, which are different from those of Dong Qichang. Later, after I came to Dong Shi's calligraphy, I felt that the high technology of calligraphy was to obtain its charm by freehand brushwork on the basis of the original calligraphy. The pursuit of skills is only a means, and the purpose is to create an artistic image with life and personality. That is to say, it requires agility in brushwork, flesh and blood in strength, natural rhythm change in dynamics and interest in life in image. In the whole atmosphere, there should be distinct personality and emotional expression. The work can't be flat and the rhythm can't be lost, because these are not the characteristics of vitality and can't reflect the law of the change of everything. This is the watershed of art and craftsman's book.