Briefly summarize the historical characteristics of Hainan.

Hainan has a long history and was called Zhu Ya, Qiongzhou and Qiongya in ancient times. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1 10 years ago), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to set up Zhu Ya and Boer counties on the island. Since then, the administrative establishment has been changing. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Qiongzhou Governor's Office was established, which was in charge of 22 counties in Qiongzhou, Cliff, Dan, Zhen and Wan 'an. In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Qiongzhou was transferred to Guangdong until the late Qing Dynasty. During the Republic of China, Hainan was still under the jurisdiction of the dispatched institutions of Guangdong Province. 1949 In April, the office of the Chief Executive of Hainan Special Zone was established as a deputy provincial government. 1 May, 9501After the liberation of the whole island, Hainan Administrative Office was established and still belongs to Guangdong Province. 1988 In April, Hainan Provincial People's Government was established, and Hainan Special Economic Zone was established at the same time.

The primitive Hainan immigrants can be divided into three periods in history: first, in the early Neolithic period, Li ancestors moved to the island, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, Lingao people moved to the northern part of the island to settle down; Secondly, from the Western Han Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, immigrants from the Central Plains dominated, mainly distributed in several counties in the northwest and northern coastal areas of the island; After that, the largest scale was from Song Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the main sources of immigrants were Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, which reached its peak in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Since the Song Dynasty, there have been many talents in Hainan, represented by Bai Yuchan, a painter, calligrapher and poet in the Song Dynasty. Huang Daopo, a textile innovator in Yuan Dynasty: Qiu Jun, a famous doctor and economic thinker in Ming Dynasty, was a famous upright official. Zhang: 19 1 1 A famous revolutionary activist Lin, a great patriot and producer Soong Ching Ling in Qing Dynasty. In modern history, Hainan has trained more than 100 generals, including Zhang, Zhou Shidi and Zhuang Tian, general of China People's Liberation Army. Hainan revolutionary leaders Yang Shanji, Feng Baiju and Li leaders.

The long history of Hainan shows the ancient culture of demoting officials and the Hainan revolutionary culture with Hainan characteristics. Now it has many cultural relics and cultural landscapes. There are famous southern wastelands where emperors exiled "traitors" after the Tang Dynasty-Yazhou Ancient City, Wugong Temple to commemorate celebrities, Hairui Tomb, Hairui Former Residence and Soong Ching Ling's ancestral home; There are also historical sites such as Xiuying Fort, the former site of Qiongya in China, Jinniuling Martyrs Cemetery, and Li Shuoxun Martyrs Memorial Pavilion, which are also called the four fortresses of China in the late Qing Dynasty with Dagukou in Tianjin, Wuhu Kou in Shanghai and Humen Fort in Guangzhou.