Author: Zhou Ying
Content summary:
History is never short of wonderful chapters. However, no matter how stormy the history is, the author of this book has always maintained the calmness and detachment of the spectators, or combed the eternal mystery of the Golden Chamber Alliance and the sound of candles and axes with meticulous and rigorous brushwork, or described the golden embroidery full of clothes and the soft West Lake that could not hold much joy with indifferent and hard-to-find melancholy. They are related to the elegance and harmony of military power over a glass of wine.
Home country in butterfly dream (1)
Song Huizong opened the Painting Academy to recruit painters to take the examination of Tang poetry proposition. One of the topics is Wan Li in a Butterfly Dream, and the winner Wang Daoheng drew Su Wu's Sheep Miscellaneous Hair to see Wan Li's intentions. This sentence comes from Cui Tu's poem "Spring Festival Evening" in the Tang Dynasty: "Flowering flowers thank two heartless people and send the east wind to spring. Last night, Dream Butterfly returned home to Wan Li, and Zi Guizhi. The book movement in the old garden has been dead for several years, and Huafachun is only full of mirrors. Of course, if you don't return it, you will return it. Who will fight for the five lakes? " Poetry uses the image of a dream butterfly to describe the emptiness and disappointment of a wanderer who sleeps alone in a foreign land: homesickness and dreaming-waking up and thinking-worrying and worrying in the voice of discipline. Butterfly Dream and Home Wan Li correspond to each other in reality. Butterfly Dream and Zigui Tiao are isomorphic in joy and sadness, while Zigui Tiao and jathyapple are in harmony. The desolate and desolate atmosphere is shocking. Wang Daoheng's plays expanded the artistic conception of the original poem, only alluding to the national fortune of the Song Dynasty, including Hui Zong's own destiny. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, conflicts between the Central Plains countries and the neighboring minority countries have continued. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, it was difficult for the Central Plains Dynasty to maintain a confrontational situation through martial arts and peace talks. At the beginning of Song Dynasty, the founding monarch established a system different from that of Han and Tang Dynasties, changed the policy of opening to the outside world and advocating martial arts and spreading literature, and replaced it with a general plan of civil administration characterized by being strong at home and weak at home. This was an inevitable choice after the war in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and it proved to be very wise and pragmatic. However, it is painful and patient to be strong inside and weak outside. Only Mao understands this truth. Emperor Taizong, Zhenzong and Renzong, including Hui Zong, all tried to vent their anger and act rashly under the condition of insufficient "inner strength", and they all had to retract their heads. When Zhenzong won the war of Single Source, he signed the famous "Single Source Alliance" with great interests, which was a profound insight into the current situation. Song and Liao lived in peace for 1 19 years, following the signing of the Zen Temple League by the true Sect. Later, the Jurchen tribe rose in the backyard of Liao country, rebelled against its patriarch Liao country and became independent. A year later, a country called "Jin" was established. Hui Zong, Cai Jing, Tong Guan and Wang Fu. I thought I had an opportunity, so I wanted to take a chestnut from the fire and try to unite the other side to attack Liao. As a result, the Liao country perished, and the Jin country sent troops south to take Kaifeng, so there was a "shame of Jingkang". When the country perished and Hui Zong himself went into exile in the north, many Su Wu like Hong Hao appeared in the Song Dynasty, and "Wan Li in the butterfly dream" became a kind of pain of the times.
Aside from Home Wan Li, Butterfly Dream itself is also a metaphor for the Song Dynasty. Compared with other dynasties, the Song Dynasty is more dreamy. Under the guidance of the policy of "ruling the country by civilization", the tyranny and cruelty of the autocratic regime were dispelled, and scholars talked about the strategy of building the country and governing the country, resulting in Wang Anshi, a reformer with great thoughts and ideals. At that time, all kinds of ideas were inclusive and comprehensive, forming countless theories, and everyone could have different or more value choices. At that time, the imperial examination system was perfect, and civilians had more opportunities to enter the upper class. The economic forms are increasingly diversified, especially the status of commerce and handicrafts is unprecedentedly improved, and citizens have more opportunities to freely choose their own jobs. What followed was the change of people's lifestyle. The stage of businessmen's activities is constantly expanding, and a merchant class is obviously formed. There are many kinds of specialized households in farming and processing in rural and urban areas, and the relationship between wealth and politics is closer, and the restrictions on marriage, including the royal family, are increasingly relaxed. The science, technology, literature and art of all dynasties have been fully integrated and developed in the direction of intensive deepening. Scientific and technological achievements in papermaking, printing, textile, ceramics, medical care, navigation, astronomy and physics have all reached a fairly high level. Poetry, drama, calligraphy and painting tend to be good at it and reach the extreme. In addition to historical masterpieces such as Zi Jian, Tong Zhi, Zi Jian Chang Bian, and Chronicle Since the Proposal, there are also local chronicles such as Da Dao Lin 'an Chronicle, Chun You Lin 'an Chronicle and Xian Chun Lin 'an Chronicle, which are well-written and widely quoted. In addition, he has compiled a series of books, books and bibliographic works, such as Kaibao Tripitaka, Taiping Magnolia, Taiping Guangji, Wenyuan Huaying, Yuangui, Shenyi Pufang, Chongwen Mu Zong and so on. We can see the "butterfly dream" of great idealists between the imperial power system with grand system and complicated structure and various masterpieces in the Song Dynasty.
Cui Tu's "dream butterfly" image is also related to Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly. Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly also has its unique philosophical significance: I don't know whether Zhuang Zhou's dream turned into a butterfly or the butterfly's dream turned into Zhuang Zhou-it is impossible for people to accurately distinguish between reality and illusion, but people and things are harmonious. If we can break the boundary between life and death and things, we can be unhappy. Zhang Chao, a Qing man, said in The Shadow of a Sleepy Dream: "Zhuang Zhou's dream is a butterfly, and Zhuang Zhou is lucky; Dream butterfly is Zhuang Zhou, and the misfortune of butterfly is also. " In the relatively free self-management and rich cultural construction atmosphere, the Song people really forgot that they were "Zhuang Zhou" and were willing to be "butterflies". Because Taizu established the rule of not killing civil servants, although there were actually some literary prisons later, the environment for being an official in politics was still relatively relaxed. Therefore, Wang Anshi, Sima Guang and Su Shi were impulsive when they spoke and acted in court. They dared to give their opinions to the emperor boldly and often argued. Many people have ups and downs in their lives because of this. As usual, ups and downs, ups and downs. Wang Anshi carried out reforms, put aside personal safety interests and devoted himself to displaying his ambitions. Su Shi spent his whole life in trouble, but he never seems to have learned a lesson, and he still expresses his opinions as usual when he has the opportunity. Song Huizong has great talent. He is not a bad king as people think. He just created his own wonderful painting scene in the court and did the emperor's thing by artistic means. Most emperors in the Southern Song Dynasty lived an illusory life. The ordinary people in the Song Dynasty did not seem to be much richer than those in the previous dynasty, but they were all good at discovering the joy of creation from their ordinary occupations and making exquisite works such as official kilns and gold embroidery in the Southern Song Dynasty. At that time, many literati could not enter the imperial court, so they became poets, and many wrote thousands of poems. The Song people integrated Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, not knowing whether it was for Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, or "Zhuang Zhou". Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly is also easy to slide to nihilism and skepticism, but Song people don't seem to have it, which is commendable. The dream of "Zhuang Zhou" is a "butterfly", which is the blessing of the Song people and also the blessing of the Song people. In Song Dynasty, people created unparalleled material and spiritual wealth, expanded the artistic conception of life and realized a more humanized life. Of course, "Butterfly" no longer dreams of "Zhuang Zhou", which is also a problem in the Song Dynasty.
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