Taizhou is divided into Hailing and Gaogang districts, and four county-level cities, namely Xinghua, Jingjiang, Taixing and Jiangyan. At the end of 200 1 year, the total number of households in Taizhou was 1695900, with a total population of 50,365,438+million, including 605,700 in the urban area. Taizhou is densely populated, with a population density of 869 people per square kilometer. The urbanization level and population density in urban areas and areas along the Yangtze River are higher than those in He Lixia, and the urban population density is 14 15 people /km2. Among the permanent residents in cities, the Han nationality accounts for the vast majority, and there are 37 ethnic minorities.
Taizhou is a civilized city with all-round development of social undertakings. Taizhou is known as the "hometown of education". There are 1 134 schools in the city, including more than 20 national and provincial key high schools and 5 colleges and universities. Jiangsu College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Taizhou Vocational and Technical College, Taizhou Teachers College, Taizhou Institute of Science and Technology of South University of Technology, Taizhou College of South Normal University and Taizhou Radio and TV University have continued to grow and develop.
History:
Taizhou is an ancient historical and cultural city with a history of more than 2 100 years. During the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Taizhou was now Haiyang. In the sixth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (1 17 BC), Hailing County was located in the front, and Hailing County was established in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Ancient Taizhou echoes with Guangling Yangzhou, Lanling Changzhou and Jinling Nanjing, and is known as "the ancient county of Han and Tang Dynasties and the famous area of Huaihai". In the Southern Tang Dynasty, the country was founded, and it was named "Taizhou" with the meaning of "national peace and security", which has been passed down to this day. In the fifth year of Xining in Song Dynasty (1072), Taizhou belonged to Huainan East Road. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, he led Hailing and Rugao counties and turned to Yangzhou Road. At the beginning of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Hailing County of this province entered Taizhou and led Rugao County, which belonged to Yangzhou Prefecture. In the third year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1725), Rugao belonged to Tongzhou and Taizhou became a scattered state. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the abandoned state was a county, and Taizhou was renamed Taixian. In the thirty-eighth year of the Republic of China (1949)1October 2 1, Taizhou was liberated, and the next day Taizhou was designated as the urban area and Taixian as the rural area. On April 2 1 of the same year, the Subei Administrative Office was established, and the administrative office was located in Taizhou. It has jurisdiction over Taizhou, Yangzhou, Yancheng, Huaiyin and Nantong, with 4 1 county (city). In May of the same year 1, the former Central China No.1 Administrative Region was renamed as Taizhou Administrative Region in northern Jiangsu. Taizhou Administrative Region governs Taizhou City, Taixing County, Jingjiang County, Tai County, Hai 'an County, Rugao County, Dongtai County, Taipei County and other counties (cities). 1950 65438+ 10, Taizhou Administrative Region and Yangzhou Administrative Region were merged into Taizhou Administrative Region, and local specialized institutions were located in Taizhou, with jurisdiction over Taizhou City, Yangzhou City, Taixian County, Taixing County, Jingjiang County, Jiangdu County, Xinghua County, Gaoyou City, Baoying County, Yizheng County and Liuhe County (/kloc 1February, 953, Taizhou Department in northern Jiangsu was renamed Yangzhou Administrative Office in Jiangsu Province (the administrative office was moved to Yangzhou). From May of 1950 to June of 10, from June of 1959 to May of 1962, Taizhou merged with Taixian many times. 1August, 1996, Taizhou at the county level was abolished, and Taizhou at the prefecture level was established, with jurisdiction over Hailing District, Taixing City, Jiangyan City, Jingjiang City and xinghua city City. Gaogang district was founded in April 1997.
Taizhou is also a city with a glorious revolutionary struggle tradition. Major historical events also took place in Taizhou, such as the resistance to gold in the Southern Song Dynasty, the resistance to Japan in the Ming Dynasty, the resistance to Britain during the Opium War, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and Chen Yi's March into Taizhou during the Liberation War, the decisive battle between the New Fourth Army and Huangqiao, the seven major battles between the Soviet Union and China, and the birth of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy.
Economy:
After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and development, Taizhou has developed in an all-round way and become an industrial and commercial city. Over the past 20 years, the average annual economic growth rate has remained above 10%. There are a number of large enterprise groups such as Chunlan Group and Yang Zijiang Group, and the five cities and districts under their jurisdiction have successively entered the ranks of the top 100 counties (cities, districts) with comprehensive strength in China. Taizhou is located in the junction of coastal and Yangtze River "T" industrial belt, which has good location advantages, resource conditions and economic foundation. After the establishment of prefecture-level cities, Taizhou, as a regional central city, has increasingly improved its functions and promoted the process of regional industrialization.
Taizhou is a rapidly rising emerging industrial and trade city. Taizhou, a prefecture-level city, has made great progress in national economy and social undertakings since its establishment. In 2004, the city achieved a GDP of 70.52 billion yuan, a fiscal revenue of 8.647 billion yuan, a per capita disposable income of 9,695 yuan for urban residents and a per capita net income of 4,574 yuan for farmers. At the end of the year, the balance of various deposits was 7,654.38+209 million yuan. Taizhou is rich in agricultural resources, known as "land of plenty", "land of ginkgo biloba" and "land of aquatic products". It is an important national commodity grain production base, a production, processing and export base for high-quality cotton, lean pigs, fresh water products, high-quality ginkgo and vegetables.
Celebrity:
Taizhou is rich in history and humanities, and celebrities come forth in large numbers. Shi Naian, the author of Water Margin, Wang Gen, the founder philosopher of Taizhou School, Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera, and Ding Wenjiang, a geologist, are all outstanding representatives of Taizhou cultural celebrities in past dynasties. Yue Fei, an anti-gold hero, Fan Zhongyan, a politician and writer, and Qi Baishi, a master of calligraphy and painting, all worked in Taizhou, leaving a colorful page for Taizhou history.
There are many famous people in Taizhou history. Zhang Huaiguan, a calligraphy critic in the Tang Dynasty, wrote books such as Shu Duan, Yi Shu and Guan Shu. Good cursive script, calligraphy "is cursive script, grass wants to walk alone for a hundred years." Hu Yuan, a famous educator in the Song Dynasty, and Shi Naian, a writer in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, wrote the classic Water Margin. In the Ming Dynasty, the philosopher Wang Gen expounded the theory of "respecting the body and establishing the foundation" and the theory of "kingly way" with the thought of social improvement, and gradually formed the "Taizhou School". In Qing Dynasty, there were famous astronomer Chen Houyao, storyteller Liu Jingting, pioneer of Yangzhou School, famous literary critic Liu Xizai, chess player Huang Longshi, master of Taigu School Huang Baonian and so on. In modern times, there were famous geologist Ding Wenjiang, famous patriotic industrialist Liu Guojun, outstanding female educator Wu Yifang, famous playwright Ding Xilin, Peking Opera performance artist Mei Lanfang, famous literary historian and biographer Zhu Dongrun. President Hu Jintao, the national leader, also grew up in Taizhou!
Places of interest:
Taizhou is one of the first provincial-level historical and cultural cities in Jiangsu Province. There are hundreds of ancient sites, ancient buildings and ancient stone carvings, of which 134 is listed as a provincial-level cultural relic protection. There are five museums in the city with more than 10,000 cultural relics, many of which are rare treasures. There are Longshan cultural sites more than 4,000 years ago, ancient cultural sites from the late Neolithic period to the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and ancient salt river sites excavated in the early Western Han Dynasty. The tomb of Zhaoyang in the Warring States Period, the tomb of Shi Naian, the author of Water Margin, the tomb of Zheng Banqiao, one of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou, and the tomb of Chu Shanluo, the left assistant minister of Nanjing Official Department, are all in Taizhou. In addition, there is the Guangxiaolv Temple, a famous Jianghuai temple built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which enjoys a high reputation in the Buddhist circles at home and abroad. Nanshan Temple Ursa Hall and Chenghuang Temple built in Tang Jianming; Qingyun Temple, Dongyue Temple, Hu Anding Temple, Yuefeisheng Temple, Chongru Ancestral Hall, Academy, Mazhou Academy, Yongjiang Academy, Yangxian Trial Office, etc. built in Ming Dynasty. There are Japanese gardens, Li gardens, Liu Xizai and the former residence in the classical gardens. The scenic spots in Taizhou are quite distinctive, including multi-day scenery, Gushan Scenic Area, Taishan Park, Meilanfang Park and Donghe Scenic Area.
Zhong 'an Ship Martyrs Memorial Hall, Yang Gensi Martyrs Cemetery, Seven Victory Monuments in Seven Wars, the former site of Taixing Independent Branch of Jiangsu and Zhejiang District Committee of China, the former site of the New Fourth Army's eastward negotiation office in Taizhou, the memorial hall of Huangqiao Battle, and the former site of the birthplace of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy are all bases for patriotism and revolutionary tradition education.
Culture:
Taixing Puppet: Taixing is the hometown of puppets in China. There used to be 65,438+008 families engaged in the production and performance of puppets. Guangling Town in Taixing is the birthplace of this puppet town. The puppet show here originated in the middle of Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years. There are many kinds of puppet shows, such as puppet shows, puppet shows and shadow plays. The puppet show in Guangling Town belongs to the puppet show category. You need to sing with a puppet in your hand when performing. This is the oldest puppet show. The props needed are all carved in wood, solid and hollow, and faces. This is the unique skill of Guangling Muppets, and those who can perform will definitely make it.
Taixing Zhangtou Puppet is also called "puppet" or "play", commonly known as "three sticks" or "three sticks". It is operated by three sticks. One of them supports the head of the puppet and is called a main stick or a face stick. Ears, eyes, nose and mouth can be opened and closed, eyes can be rotated, and head and neck can be twisted up and down. The other two sticks manipulate the puppeteer's hand, which is also called "loading". When performing, the performer can grasp all kinds of props in his hands freely, flexibly and accurately, which is called hand picking or bracelets. Taixing Zhangtou Puppet is about one meter long, which is bigger than other puppets of the same kind. It has no legs on the flat bottom. If you need to perform leg movements, the actors should cooperate to manipulate the legs, which is called "matching legs" or "matching feet". The performance pays attention to action, twisting and stepping. When manipulating, we should pay attention to stability, accuracy, uprightness and flatness, and draw lessons from the performers' sleeves, stepping out and turning over kites, so as to reveal the inner activities of the characters in the play.
In the history of Taixing Zhangtou Puppet, there are two schools of "Idol" and "Portrait", each with its own specialty in modeling and performance. "Idol" has a square head and big ears, which is rough and vivid; The Portrait is exquisite and realistic, close to the real person.