Su Shi (1037—11year) was born in Meizhou, Sichuan. His poems, ci, fu and prose are all highly accomplished, and he is good at painting and calligraphy, which is a rare all-rounder in the history of China literature. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are also called Su Huang; Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; Calligraphy is listed as one of the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su, Huang, Mi and Cai. His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting. A famous writer with a family background in the Song Dynasty, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, was also called "Su San" with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe. In his official career, he opposed Wang Anshi's radical reform measures and did not agree with Sima Guang's abolition of the new law, so he was rejected by the old and new parties and his official career was very bumpy. Song Renzong Jing You was born in three years, and Jiayou was a scholar in two years. Bachelor of Duan Mingtang, Bachelor of Hanlin, Minister of Ritual. During the reign of Zongshen, Su Shi served as the foreign minister of Zubu, and sought a diplomatic post because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. He worked as a judge in Hangzhou and knew Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng, a famous Wutai poetry case happened in Li Ding at the age of 43. He went to prison for it and died several times. His younger brother Su Zhe was demoted to save his life and was demoted to Huangzhou the following year. At that time, Zhezong was a bachelor of Hanlin, and once knew Hangzhou, Yingzhou and other places. , is an official does not. Later, he was banished to Huizhou and Danzhou by Zhang Dun. Changzhou died of illness in the second year after returning to the north, at the age of 66. Chasing Wen Zhong in Southern Song Dynasty. Politically, it belongs to the old party, but it also has the requirements of reform shortcomings. He is honest and clean all over the country, promoting advantages and eliminating disadvantages, with many political achievements and good reputation. Su Causeway in Hangzhou West Lake is an example. In the second year of Jia You's anecdote, Su Shi and Su Zhe went to Beijing to catch the exam. Su Shi was favored by Mei, the examiner, and recommended a paper entitled "Theory of Criminal Loyalty" to Ouyang Xiu, the examiner. Ouyang Xiu also appreciates it very much. Originally, he wanted to promote himself as the first, but he was afraid that this article was written by his favorite pupil, Ceng Gong. In order to avoid suspicion, it was listed as the second. As a result, when I opened the paper, I found that this article was written by Su Shi, but it was Ceng Gong's work that won the first prize, which was self-defeating. When it comes to the second interview of the Ministry of Rites, Su Shi takes "Spring and Autumn Game" as the first. There is a passage in the Theory of Loyalty and Righteousness: "When Yao was in power, he was a scholar and could kill people. Hao Tao said, "Kill it. "3; Yao said, "Yes. "Three." At that time, all the examiners didn't know its allusions when commenting. Later, it was discovered that Su Shi had done it, so Ouyang Xiu asked Su Shi who he was from. Su Shi's answer is in the biography of the reflection of Kong Rong. Ouyang Xiu looked for it for a long time and didn't find it, so he asked Su Shi again. Su Shi replied, "Cao Cao destroyed Yuan Shao and gave his son Cao Pi to Yuan's wife. Kong Rong said, "It was the Prince of Wu who gave da ji to the Duke of Zhou. Cao Cao was frightened and asked He Dian. Rong said, "It's only natural to take this as a measure. "After listening to this, Ouyang Xiu suddenly realized that Su Shi was learned and memorized. Originally, Ouyang Xiu only praised Su Shi's literary talent. After some questions and answers, he also praised Su Shi's courage and intelligence. On July 3rd, 4th year of Yuan You, Song Zhezong entered Hangzhou as the prefect. During May and June of the fifth year of Yuan You, heavy rain fell in western Zhejiang, Taihu Lake flooded and a large area of crops were flooded. It is for Su Causeway to organize migrant workers to dredge the West Lake, build dikes and bridges, and make the West Lake look brand-new. The people of Hangzhou are very grateful to Su Shi for this kind act. Everyone praised him as a clever official. Therefore, as soon as the Chinese New Year arrives, everyone carries pigs and drinks to pay New Year greetings to him. After receiving it, Su Shi instructed his family to cut the meat into cubes, burn it red and crisp, and then distribute it to the migrant workers who participated in the West Lake in Shuluo. After eating it, everyone was amazed and affectionately called the meat he sent "Dongpo Meat". Wang Yang's style and writing style are unrestrained and easy to understand. In "A Letter of Thanks to Teachers", he once said: "This is roughly like flowing water. At first, it has no definite quality, but when you do what you should do, you often stop at what you should do. "His poems are fresh and vigorous, and he makes good use of exaggerated metaphors. Huangzhou Ci is a wonderful work of Su Ci. Huangzhouwen is the pinnacle of Suwen; " Fu on the Red Wall is his masterpiece. There are about 4,000 poems in existence, and their contents are extensive and styles are diverse, mainly bold and unconstrained. The poems that have the greatest influence on later generations are those that express life feelings and praise natural scenery. It shows the characteristics of emphasizing reason and interest and being argumentative in Song poetry. "Drinking rain after Chu Qing on the lake" (the water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy. If you want to compare the West Lake with the West Lake, it is always appropriate to be lighter and thicker. ) In March of the fourth year of Yuanfeng, Dongpo wrote "Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry Post". This post is a two-sentence, five-character ancient style, with gloomy and vigorous poems, low sighs and great appeal. His calligraphy is vigorous and magnificent, which has a great influence on the history of calligraphy. Later generations are praised as "the third running script in the world" after Preface to Lanting and Mourning for My Nephew. Huang Tingjian wrote an inscription after this post: "Dongpo's poems are like Li Taibai, lest Taibai be everywhere. This book was written by Yan, Yang and Li Xitai. It is not necessarily the same as this book if Dongpo wants it back. When I see this book in Dongpo, Ying Xiao Wo will be respected where there is no Buddha. There are more than 340 kinds of words, which break through the narrow theme of writing about love and parting between men and women and have a wide range of social contents. It occupies a special position in the history of China's Ci. The spirit of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty extended to the field of Ci poetry, swept away the traditional style of Ci poetry since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and created an uninhibited school of Ci poetry that kept pace with the graceful school, which had a great influence on later generations, expanded the theme of Ci poetry, enriched the artistic conception of Ci poetry, broke through the boundaries of poetic rhyme and made great contributions to the innovative development of Ci poetry. "Nian Nujiao, Red Cliff Nostalgia" and "Shui Diao Ge Tou, Ice Dust Mid-Autumn Festival" are widely circulated. Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovated by studying from Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi. The end of the pen is ups and downs, naive. With Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei, they are also called "Song Sijia". Painting style can draw bamboo, draw lessons from fan literature, and also like to make strange stones. On painting, he advocates "spirit likeness" and thinks that "on painting, it is similar in shape and adjacent to children". His works and poems include Seven Chapters of Dongpo. There are some books that survive in the world, such as Teacher Xie's Essays, Several Sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor, and Huangzhou Cold Food Poems. His paintings include "Strange Trees and Stones" and "Bamboo Stones". In addition, The Biography of Liang Fang in Su Shen is based on Shen Kuo's Good Prescription, and Su Shi's Miscellaneous Treatises on Medicine is added. Li Ao, an evaluation writer, commented that Su Shi is a master, but "his ideological realm is just a super-scholar, and the highest realm ends in Fu on the Red Wall, which is not as delicate and in-depth as a thinker. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism and folk superstitions are mixed, and the behavior is to ask for rain and alchemy, and the realm appears at the low level. His political views, especially those of the old school, are much worse than Wang Anshi's. It really means "only know more, but watch the Tao without seeing it." Qian Mu, a master of Chinese studies, said: "Su Dongpo's poems are great because he has never been politically proud in his life. He was down and out all his life, and all the twists and turns were seen in the poem. However, Su Dongpo's Confucian realm is not high, but his personality is great in the harsh environment elsewhere, like his parts in Huangzhou and later in Huizhou and Qiongzhou. At that time, all the poems were good, but once they were at ease, some of them were not, and the poetic environment was sometimes conventional. The strength of Dongpo's poetry lies in its lofty sentiments and interest. Its quietness is not as good as that of a king, and its loyalty is not as good as that of a king. Annotations Since the Song Dynasty, annotations of Su Shi's works have appeared constantly. The famous ones are Cha's Notes on Dongpo Chronology Poems, Feng's Notes on Su Wenzhong's Poems, Su Wenzhong's Notes on Public Poems, Kong's Collated Poems of Su Shi, and Selected Poems of Southern Song Dynasty Edited and Annotated by Angela Qiu published by Zhonghua Book Company 1982. The annotations are close to Zhu Zumou's Annals of Dongpo Yuefu and Long Yusheng's Annotations of Dongpo Yuefu.
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Su Shi is knowledgeable and versatile. Although he has no ambition in official career, he has made great achievements in literature, especially in poetry, prose, calligraphy and painting. Su Shi's ci has a wide range of themes, fresh artistic conception and bold and unrestrained style, which has changed the gorgeous ci style since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Su Shi's ancient prose is also well written, and he is one of the "eight masters of ancient prose in Tang and Song Dynasties". With his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe, they are also called "Three Sus". Su Shi has many works, including Complete Works of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu. 2006- 12-09 23:20:59 Supplement: Su Shi is versatile and has made great achievements in poetry and literature. He was the main leader of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty advocated by Ouyang Xiu, and one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties. He is very accomplished in painting, calligraphy and music, and he is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu. Su Shi extended the innovative spirit of poetry to the creation of ci. With the expansion of the theme of ci poetry, the soft and lingering style of makeup in the past has become heroic and passionate. Hu Yin's "Inscription on the Wine Side" says: "With Meishan Su, we can wash away the beauty and fragrance, get rid of the degree of turning the corner, and make people climb high and look far, singing a song, which is beyond the reach of dust." Su Shi looked at Ci with a brand-new eye, and created an uninhibited Ci school that kept pace with the graceful school. It opened up a broad road for patriotic poets such as Xin Qiji, Lu You and Chen Liang in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Su Shi (1037-11kloc-0/) was born in the Northern Song Dynasty and died at the age of 66. Zi Zizhan, a famous Dongpo layman, was born in Meishan, Sichuan. His father, Su Xun, and his younger brother, Su Zhe, are both famous for their literature and are called "Su San" in the world. When he was young, he learned a lot of classics and history, and he was brilliant and wrote an extraordinary style. In the second year of Injong Jiayou (1057), he took the Jinshi exam in the Ministry of Rites and was on the same list as his younger brother. Highly respected by the master Ouyang Xiu, he became famous in Beijing for a while. However, although he became famous early, his career was very bumpy. At that time, in the political reform movement and the struggle between the old and new parties, he was repeatedly attacked by political enemies and was exiled to various places, which was very disappointing. One of them was demoted in the second year of Yuanfeng (1079). He was sentenced to prison for libel, and Zongshen demoted him to Huangzhou Yingyong Assistant. Later, during the reign of Zhezong Shaosheng, Su Shi was demoted many times and eventually died in Changzhou. He created a large number of poems, words, essays and poems in his life, such as Complete Works of Dongpo, Yuefu of Dongpo and Zhi Lin of Dongpo. Su Ci has graceful tenderness and created a bold and magnificent style. His famous works include Jiangchengzi (ten years of life and death), Mink Head (when is the bright moon) and Dingfengbo (going through the forest without listening to the sound of beating leaves).
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