Name "Autumn Night"
late tang dynasty
Author Du Mu
Genre seven-character quatrains
Original poem
Chusek
Du Muqiu Xi Calligraphy Sticker [1] Tang Du Mu
Silver candle (2) Qiu Guang cold painting screen,
Ignite the Luo Xiao fan ③ Floating fireflies.
Day (4) The night is as cool as water,
Sit down and watch Petunia Vega.
Annotation translation
To annotate ...
(1) autumn night: autumn night.
⑵ Silver candle: a kind of delicate silver candle.
⑶ Small fan with light thread: round fan with light thread.
(4) Day sequence: Palace steps descending from the sky. Another version of Riling is Tianjie.
5. Sit and watch: Sit and watch. Another version of "Sit and watch" is "Lie and watch".
translate
In the autumn night, the delicate silver candle emits faint light, which adds a bit of cool color to the painting screen; A maid-in-waiting was holding a small fan and patting the flying fireflies. The day and night order is as cool as water; Sitting on the sofa looking up at the starry sky, Altair is watching Vega.
Brief introduction of the author
Du Mu is Du Like Mu.
(803-852) A poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du's son, Tang Wenzong Taihe Jinshi, was awarded the library librarian. Later, I went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, turned to Huainan to observe the envoys, and then entered the envoys. Edited by the History Museum, catering department, Bibi department and Si Xun were appointed as foreign ministers, while Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu were appointed as secretariat. Finally, the official came to Zhongshu Sheren. It is famous for its seven-character quatrains. He is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He paid close attention to military affairs, wrote many military papers and annotated the Art of War by Sun Tzu. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems. [2]
works appreciation
This poem is Wang Jian's. This poem is about the lonely life and sad mood of a maid-in-waiting with amnesia.
The first two sentences have painted a picture of life in the palace. On an autumn night, the white candle gives off a faint light, adding a dim and cold tone to the picture on the screen. At this time, a lonely maid-in-waiting was flapping the flying fireflies with a small fan. This sentence is very implicit and contains three meanings: first, the ancients said that rotten grass turned into fireflies. Although unscientific, fireflies were always born in those desolate places between grass graves. Nowadays, there are fireflies flying in the courtyard where maids live, and the bleak life of maids can be imagined. Secondly, we can imagine the loneliness and boredom of the maid-in-waiting from her flapping fireflies. With nothing to do, she had to release fireflies to amuse her lonely years. She beat the firefly with a small fan, and suddenly seemed to want to drive away the loneliness and loneliness that surrounded her, but what's the use? Thirdly, the small fan in the hand of the maid-in-waiting is symbolic. Fans were originally used for cooling in summer, but they are useless in autumn. Therefore, autumn fans are often used as a metaphor for abandoning wives in ancient poems. According to legend, Ban Jieyu, the princess of Emperor Han, was once demoted by Zhao Yanfei. After falling out of favor, she lived in Changxin Palace and wrote a poem "Li Sao": "The new Soviet Union is as bright as frost and snow. Cut into acacia fans, round like the bright moon. In and out of your arms, shaking the breeze. I am often afraid that the autumn festival will come and the cold will seize the heat. Abandon donations, and be kind. " This statement may not be credible, but when there are round fans and autumn fans in poetry, they are often associated with women who have fallen out of favor. For example, Wang Changling's Poem of Long Letters in Autumn: "Give a broom to open the Golden Palace and make a round fan wander", and Wang Jian's "Teasing in the Palace": "A round fan, a round fan, a beauty's illness covers her face" are all the same. Du Mu's poem "Light a Small Fan" also symbolizes the fate of the maid-in-waiting who holds the fan being abandoned.
The third sentence, "the day is sequential and the night is as cool as water." "Day steps" refer to the stone steps in the palace. "The night is as cold as water" means that the night is deep and the chill attacks people. It's time to go into the house and sleep. But the maid-in-waiting still sat on the stone steps, looking up at the Altair and Vega on both sides of the Tianhe River. According to folklore, the Weaver Girl is the granddaughter of the Emperor of Heaven. She marries the cow and petunia and meets him once a year when crossing the river on Qixi, with a magpie as the bridge. The "distant Altair" in Nineteen Ancient Poems of Han Dynasty is to write their stories. The maid-in-waiting watched Penny Weaver for a long time and didn't want to sleep at night, because the story of Penny Weaver touched her heart, reminded her of her unfortunate life experience and made her yearn for sincere love. It can be said that it is full of worries and expectations.
Mei Yu Sheng said: "It is bound to be difficult to write. If there are endless opinions at present, it would be best at that time." (See Poem on June 1st) These two sentences just illustrate the artistic features of this poem. One or three sentences describe the scenery and present the scenery of the deep palace autumn night to the readers very realistically. The word "cold", as an adjective used in verbs, is full of atmosphere. The metaphor of "cool as water" has not only color, but also temperature. Two or four sentences about ladies-in-waiting are implicit and intriguing. Although there is not a lyric in the poem, the complex feelings of the ladies-in-waiting intertwined with sorrow and expectation are beyond words, which reflects the tragic fate of women in feudal times from one side.