How () to () to () to () to () to () to () to ()
2. Explain the words added below.
I don't understand books. Books:
Nature means that things are poetic;
The strangeness of urban people:
Father is different:
A little guest, his father, guest:
The benefits of a father are also beneficial:
3. Fill in the blanks with the original text as needed
(1) Same as that of the same day, (), (), for everyone; My husband can't stand it today, (), (), just for everyone?
(2) Find out the basis of this conclusion from the text: (), (), (). ( ),( ),( )。
About learning, celebrities say this:
1 if a jade is not cut, it will be abrasive; People don't learn, they don't know. (Confucius)
The more we learn, the poorer we feel. (Shelley)
What other "famous sayings" do you know about learning? Write 1 ~ 2 below.
Reading comprehension and appreciation
1. Read the quotient and answer.
1 The correct division of reading rhythm is ().
A. Zhong Yongsheng/five years
B. borrow/approach it, that is/write poems.
C. His poem/aims at raising parents and raising a family.
D. Its art and science are/are/are quite numerous.
2. Different from the usage of words in example sentences is ()
Example: suddenly cry for it.
A. spread a scholar's point of view in a township
B. I can't say that I have heard of it before.
C. or beg with money.
D. I've been listening for a long time
3. Which statements in the text introduce the three stages of talent development and change in Fang Zhongyong?
Elliptic sentences are very common in classical Chinese. Try to fill in the omitted parts in the brackets below.
In Ming Dow, () I returned to my hometown from my ancestors, () I visited my uncle's house, () 12, 3, () Yi. () command () to write poetry, () can't say that I haven't heard of it before. After another seven years, () came back from Yangzhou to ask questions at my uncle's house. () Yue "() disappeared from everyone. "
5. Translate the following sentences.
(1) or begging with money.
(2) a poem, can't be called before.
(3) If a pawn is a crowd, it will not be influenced by others.
10. What did you learn from Fang Zhongyong's story?
Salvage iron cow
Song He Zhongfu Floating Beams are made of eight-dimensional iron cows, each weighing tens of thousands of kilograms. In the process of peacekeeping, the water rises to the top of the beam, and the cows are not in the river. Only those who can raise money can come out. The real monk with soldiers and two small boats with solid soil grabbed the cow Wei Zhi, hooked the cow with big wood as a balance, removed the soil, and the boat floated the cow out. Transshipment made Zhang Dao smell it and gave him purple clothes.
Note: 1 pontoon: pontoon bridge. 2 d: tie, link. 3 Zhiping: the title of Zhao Shu, the British Emperor in the Northern Song Dynasty. True: But today Hebei is positive. 5 balance: scale, hammer, beam.
1. Explain the meaning of the following dotted words.
(1) A cow is tens of thousands of Jin.
(2) Can raise money.
(3) Xu went to its soil.
(4) It was really decided that the monk and the soldier would use two big boats to make real soil.
2. Hook the cow with a big log as a balance, slowly remove its soil, and the boat floats the cow out.
.
Please explain how the monk Huai Bing fished the iron cow out of the river.
answer
1, and: almost, heavy.
Recruitment: recruitment.
X: Take your time.
Reality: full, full.
2. Hook the iron cow into the shape of a beam made of big wood, slowly remove the soil from the boat, float the boat and pull the iron cow out.
3. The monk Huai Bing first filled two big ships with soil, put them on both sides of the iron cow, tied the iron cow, and then made a large piece of wood into the shape of a balance beam to keep the tension balance between the two ships. Then he slowly removed the soil from the two boats and slowly pulled the iron cow out by the buoyancy of the water.
Extra-curricular special exercises of classical Chinese in senior high school entrance examination
(A) Shi Kuang asked about learning.
Duke Jinping asked Shi Kuang, "I am seventy years old, and I am afraid I am eager to learn." Shi Kuang said, "Why not hold a candle?" Gong Ping said, "An is a minister. Are you kidding me?" Shi Kuang said, "Do blind officials dare to play with you? I heard: "less and more eager to learn, like the sunrise;" Strong and eager to learn, such as the light of Japan and China; Being old and eager to learn is like holding a candle. Holding a candle, what is it and what is it? "
Gong Ping said, "Good!"
Note: 1 Holding candles: light candles. The candles at that time were just torches, not later candles. Priest for the Blind: Shi Kuang is blind, so he calls himself blind.
1, explain the words added below.
1) ask Shi Kuang:
(2) Dare to fight?
(3) like the sunrise.
I heard it.
2. Translate the following classical Chinese sentences into modern Chinese.
What is the right thing to do?
Translate sentences:.
Duke Jin Ping wants to study, but he is "afraid of death". What does he mean by "death"? Why is he so worried?
.
Shi Kuang's answer explained what he meant by "dusk"? Why does he understand this?
.
5. What does this story tell us?
.
(2) Yan Hui is studious.
Back in 29 years, the hair turned white and the flea died. Confucius cried bitterly and said, "Since I have something in return, my disciples benefit my relatives." Lu Aigong asked, "Who is a studious disciple?" Confucius said to him, "Those who have Yan Hui are eager to learn, will not be angry but will never fail. Unfortunately, I died short-lived and died today. "
Note: 1 Hui: Yan Hui, also known as Yan Yuan. 2 ò (ò ng): I am so sad. 3 people benefit their parents: classmates are more close. 4 strokes: transfer. 5 Two: Repetition.
1. This article is selected from Historical Records. Historical Records is the first general history of China written by famous ancient historians and writers in China. Lu Xun called it ",
"。
2. Point out the interchangeable words in the following sentences.
(1) Hair turned white and fleas died.
(2) Today is death.
3. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) A host benefits a relative ()
(2) A studious disciple ()
③ Don't fail ()
4. Translate the following sentences.
Those who have Yan Hui are eager to learn, will not be angry but will never give up.
.
6. According to the accumulation, give some examples of studious celebrities.
Mantis catches snakes.
Zhang, who occasionally walks in the valley, hears the sound on the cliff. Looking for the way to climb, I saw a huge snake flapping around a bowl in the bushes, hitting the tree with its tail and the branches collapsed. The anti-tumbling shape seems to be caught by something. However, when you read it, you saw nothing and became suspicious. When approaching, there will be a mantis standing on it with a bayonet. You can't leave. Over time, the snake died. Erge, the cloud has broken.
Note: 1 (chān): exploration. 2 circumference: This refers to the circumference of the snake. Special: extremely, very, completely. 4 "(diā n): Down.
1. The word "zhi" added in the following sentence has the same usage as the word "zhi" added in the example: ()
Example: I seem to have caught something.
A, on the ridge of the field where I dropped out of school to farm B, when I was appointed as the defeated army C, the fierce official came to my hometown D and was invincible.
2. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) Grab its head with a knife:
(2) Accidental death of snake:
3. Translate the following sentences.
However, if you look at it, you will see nothing.
.
4. When understanding and analyzing the article, one of the following mistakes is ()
A, an important reason for mantis's final victory is to attack the enemy with his own strength.
B, the root cause of the snake being killed by the little mantis is that it is not important for the tail to hit the tree.
C. Zhang is the clue of this article, and the whole text is based on what he saw and heard.
D, this article is suspicious step by step, interlocking, although the text is short but the plot is tense and tortuous.
(D) Gong Jing ordered Qiu Fasu to be hungry and cold.
When I was in Gong Jing, it rained and snowed for three days. The public, dressed in fox white, sat on one side of the hall. Yan Zi entered the meeting and set up a room. Gong said, "How strange! Rain and snow are not cold for three days. " Yan Zi said to him, "Isn't it cold?" Laugh. Yan Zi said: "Babies know ancient sages, people are hungry when they are full, people are cold when they are warm, and people work when they are idle. I don't know this gentleman. " Gong said, "Good. I have heard of life. " Is to let the hungry and cold autumn millet.
Note: 1 rain (y) snow: snow. Rain, falling, falling, used as a verb. 2. The steps of the palace. 3 smell life: I heard that I resigned. Smell and listen; Life is resigned to fate.
1, explain the words added in the sentence.
(1) It rained and snowed for three days. ( )
(2) There is a room ()
(3) People dressed in fox white are sitting on the sidelines. ( )
2. Translation
Babies know ancient sages, people are hungry when they are full, people are cold when they are warm, and people work when they are idle. You don't know today.
.
3. Why did Gong Jing listen to Yan Zi's words, "This is making an issue of hunger and cold"?
(5) Tell your children.
It is easy to be frugal, but difficult to be frugal. I think too hard about food and clothing to spend it easily. A meal of wine and meat can last for several days; One yarn and one silk can handle several coarse clothes. Being neither greedy nor cold is enough, so why bother to eat well? There will always be a day of thinking, and if you don't always think about it, your descendants will always have food and clothing.
Note: 1 cost: spend money. Tulle: A thin silk fabric. 3 gluttony: This means hunger.
1, explain the words added below.
(1) How many days can we live on bread and water?
(2) Why should we eat well?
(3) Don't wait to think.
2, translation: neither greedy nor cold is enough, why eat well?
.
3. From frugality to luxury, from luxury to frugality, what are the requirements for us on the issue of frugality?
.
Today, with the prosperity of market economy, the supply of goods is sufficient, and our material living standard has been greatly improved. Is it necessary to advocate thrift?
.
(6) fishing for iron cows
Song He Zhongfu Floating Beams are made of eight-dimensional iron cows, each weighing tens of thousands of kilograms. In the process of peacekeeping, the water rises to the top of the beam, and the cows are not in the river. Only those who can raise money can come out. The real monk with soldiers and two small boats with solid soil grabbed the cow Wei Zhi, hooked the cow with big wood as a balance, removed the soil, and the boat floated the cow out. Transshipment made Zhang Dao smell it and gave him purple clothes.
Note: 1 pontoon: pontoon bridge. 2 d: tie, link. 3 Zhiping: the title of Zhao Shu, the British Emperor in the Northern Song Dynasty. True: But today Hebei is positive. 5 balance: scale, hammer, beam.
1. Explain the meaning of the following dotted words.
(1) A cow is tens of thousands of Jin.
(2) Can raise money.
(3) Xu went to its soil.
(4) It was really decided that the monk and the soldier would use two big boats to make real soil.
2. Hook the cow with a big log as a balance, slowly remove its soil, and the boat floats the cow out.
.
Please explain how the monk Huai Bing fished the iron cow out of the river.
Look at the following classical Chinese first and complete 1-5.
Zheng, a native of Puyang, recognized that his left thumb had a red rash, swollen and millet. If you doubt it, people will laugh and think it is not enough. Three days later, it's like money. Trouble is very nourishing, and it can be seen and laughed as before. On the third day, my thumb was sore, my fingers near my thumb were sore, and my body and heart were sick. I dare not see a doctor, and the doctor did. I was shocked and said, "Although the disease is in my fingers, it is actually a disease. If I don't treat it quickly, it will hurt my health. However, at the beginning, it can be good all day; Three days, and ten days to recover; Today's illness and success cannot be cured in March. Healing all day long, Aike is also; The more you heal, the more the medicine can heal; As for what has been completed, it will even extend to the liver diaphragm, or it will be one arm long. Unless there is a royal family inside, its potential will not stop; There is no medicine to cure, and the disease is not easy. " You listen to him and take decoction every day, while Fu (5) takes good medicine, which will bring fruit in February and fruit in March.
The rest of the reason is thinking: things in the world often happen in the slightest place, and eventually they are all disasters; At first, people thought it was incurable, but in the end, it was impossible. When it is easy, cherish the power of a day and ignore it; And its achievements, years of thinking, and only grams, so many people refer to it. (Fang Xiaoru's "Knowing")
Note ① grip: four inches is a grip. ② L-: spine. (3) ch？ U): recover from illness. ④ Hepatic diaphragm: refers to human internal organs. ⑤ Fu: Tu.
1. In the following sentences, the two incorrect explanations are ().
A. Fear and seek medical treatment (planning) B. It will even extend to the liver diaphragm (spreading)
C. Illness is hard to do (change) D. Accumulate years, think about it, and only overcome (eliminate)
2. The two words with the same meaning in the following sentences are ()
A. Take decoction every day, while Fu Yishan and Xu Yi should be scooped with oil.
B. If you don't treat him quickly, he will hurt Yugong in Beishan. He is 90 years old.
C. Although the disease lies in the fingers, in fact, although a person has hundreds of hands, the first hand also has hundreds of fingers.
D. All day long, Ai Kezhi is also a soldier of Sanjin, brave and agile.
3. Add "zhi" to the following sentence, which means that the wrong one is ().
A. I'm worried. Show it to others (referring to "thumb disease")
B. Remaining cause is thought (meaning "truth caused")
C. cherish the power of a day and ignore it (referring to "various diseases")
D. Over the years, I never tire of thinking about it, but I can only overcome it (referring to "disaster")
4. Write the meaning of the following sentences in modern Chinese.
(1) You doubt it, show it to people, and people laugh and think it's not enough.
(2) At first, I thought it was not enough, but finally I thought it was impossible.
5. What is the opinion of this article about Jun Zheng's treatment of thumb disease? Please give a simple answer in your own words.
Second, the road is dead.
Andy's neighbor died and led his party; I also let Andy's vertical (vertical: boy servant) go after it. Andy said, "Hey! A sheep is dead, why chase the crowd? " The neighbor said, "There are many different roads." Instead, he asked, "Did you get the sheep?" Yue: "I'm dead." Yue: "Wu Hu?" He said: "There are differences in the Tao, and I don't know what it is, so the opposite is true." ("Liezi? The operator ")
6. Explain the word "zhi" added below.
(1) Andy's neighbor died:
(2) Please ask Yang Zizhi to chase:
7. Fill in the omitted components.
On the contrary, () asked, "Did you get the sheep?" () said, "I'm dead."
8. Translation.
The road is different, I don't know, so I object.
Translation:
9. What does this article tell us?
Third, abuse sticks to make up the numbers.
It is a person who plays this space. There must be 300 people in this art troupe. Nan Guo invited him to play the piano. He was very happy to hear that hundreds of people supported him in the Zhou Dynasty. Xuan Wang died, Wang Hao heard, and Chu Shi escaped.
10. what kind of person is Chu Shi in the south? Why does he want to "please blow for the king"?
A:
1 1. Chu Shi in the south can't play with steel pipes, but he has played for Qi Xuanwang for many years. Why is this happening?
A:
12. King Qi Min likes to play the flute one after another. Why did Chu Shi in the south escape?
A:
13. What do you think Chu Shi will do after he escapes?
A:
Read the following paragraph in classical Chinese and answer the following questions.
(1) Law of Lu State: Lu people are the concubines among princes, and those who can redeem them take money from the government. Zigong (2) redeemed the Lu people from the princes and made them gold. Confucius said, "Give it away! The behavior of saints can change customs, but teaching can be applied to people, not just to meet their own needs. Nowadays, there are fewer rich people and more poor people in Lu, so it's no harm to take their money. If you don't take their money, you won't redeem others. "
(2)(4) People who save drowning are worshipped by cows. Confucius said that there will be more people who save drowning in Lu.
(Selected from Feng Menglong's Think Tank)
[Note] ① Government: refers to the national treasury. ② Zi Gong: Confucius' student. 3 gift: the name of Zigong. 4 Luz: Confucius' student.
14. What did Zi Gong do? What is Confucius' attitude towards his own practice? What is the reason for Confucius' attitude? Please answer in your own words.
A:
15. There is no punctuation in the second paragraph of the article. Please mark the position where punctuation is needed with a | line.
Confucius worship is the savior, and he likes to say that there will be more saviors in Lu.
Read the following article and answer the questions.
Guan Zhong and Peng Ji (1) cut the solitary bamboo from Huan Gong (2) and confused them when spring came and winter came. Guan Zhong said, "You can use the wisdom of an old horse." Is to let the old horse go and get the way. There is no water in the mountains. My friend said, "Ants live in the sun in the mountains in winter and in the shade in the mountains in summer. One inch of ant soil, there is water. " Dig it out and there will be water. It is not difficult to learn from the old horse ants with Guan Zhong's sage wisdom until you don't know it. Is it too much for people nowadays to learn the wisdom of saints with the heart of fools?
Note: ① Guan Zhong and Peng Ji were ministers who assisted Qi Huangong in the Spring and Autumn Period. ② Solitary bamboo: a small country in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Not difficult: I don't care, I'm not ashamed.
16. Is the word "nai" in "Nai Duizhi" the same as the word "nai" in the following sentence? ( )
A. I didn't know there were Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties.
B. kill the minister, Song Mo can defend and attack.
C. the founder is childe fu su.
D Julian Waghann established Central Plains Day in the north, and this family sacrifice has never been forgotten.
17. One of the following sentences is ().
A. the wisdom of an old horse can be used.
The wisdom of an old horse can be used.
B. Ants live in the sunshine of the mountain in winter and in the shade of the mountain in summer.
Ants live in Shanbei in winter and Shannan in summer.
C. one inch of ant soil, there is water.
The ant soil is as high as an inch, and there is water below.
D. it is not difficult to learn from the old horse and the old ant with Guan Zhong's sage.
With the wisdom of Sage Guan Zhong and Peng Ji, when they don't know anything, they are not ashamed to learn from old horses and ants.
Sixth, Xiliuying
The emperor went to comfort the army himself. When they arrived at the camp of the tyrant and thorn, they drove troops to attack the entrance, and the general and his men rode horses. Then he came to Fine, where all the officers and men were dressed in armor, equipped with sharp weapons, with bows and arrows, bows and arrows, full moon in the sky, and heavily guarded. The emperor's advance guard came to the camp and was not allowed to enter. The outpost said, "The emperor will come." . "A military captain said," Your legend says,' The army has heard of your legend, but not the imperial edict.' "Soon after, the emperor arrived and did not let the barracks. So, the superior messenger wrote to the general: "I want to join the Chiyou army. "Zhou Yafu, this is the command to open the barracks door. The officers and men guarding the door said to the military attache sent by the emperor, "The general ordered that no cars should be driven in the barracks." So the emperor's motorcade had to hold the reins tightly and move slowly. General Yafu arrived at the camp with a soldier. He said that the man who introduced him did not pay a courtesy call. The emperor was moved, and the expression on his face changed. He leaned against the railing and sent a greeting, saying, "The emperor respects the general." Give up after the courtesy of the army. The exquisite Liu Junying Gate amazed many ministers. Wendi said, "Wow, this is really a general! Those who beat up the army and stab the door army will be attacked and captured if they play with their ears. As for Yafu, you can get it and do evil! "
18. Choose one of the following sentences with the same meaning ()
A. Send the following riders to meet Qi and let Tian Ji leave.
B. The son of heaven is here and wants to wait with the long horse.
C. What did the virtual Liu Jun sell?
D it will be strong and can be attacked, but it will also be strong in your heart.
19. Use "/"to break the following sentence and break two places.
General Yafu, with his troops, said that he would not invite those who introduced him to see him, but would pay a military salute.
20. Translate underlined sentences in the text in modern Chinese.
The general agreed that the army should not drive the flies away.
____________________________________________________________________
2 1. Briefly describe the reason why Emperor Wen called Ya Fu a "true general".
Answer: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Read the fable "Ceng Zi killed the spy" and answer questions 22-24.
Ceng Zi's wife's city, his son cried. His mother said, "That woman (like" you ") came back, turned her back and killed the pig for her." Ceng Zi wanted to catch and kill his wife when she rebelled. His wife stopped him at once and said, "I'm just joking with my son." Ceng Zi said, "Babies have nothing to do with play. Babies must be knowledgeable, treat their parents and scholars, and listen to their parents. Today's son deceives him, but also teaches him to bully him. The mother cheated her son, and the son didn't believe her, so he became a teacher. "
22. In the following sentences, the explanation of the meaning of the added words is incorrect ().
A. Ceng Zi's wife city: Go to B. Turn around and kill for women:. Same as "return"
C. Wife is suitable for the market, but not suitable for the market: Go to D. Play with the baby especially: especially.
23. Please translate the sentence "Today's son deceives him, and the teaching son deceives him" into modern Chinese.
The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
24. Try to sum up the meaning of this fable or simply talk about its enlightenment to you.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
8. Read Fan Zhongyan's "The Night Banquet" and complete the following questions.
Fan Wenzheng Gongshouzhai (B and N) state, in his spare time, led his family (subordinate officials) upstairs to buy wine, but he didn't raise it himself. See cudié to mourn several people who organized the funeral. Gong Ji (jí) asked him urgently that a scholar (a scholar living abroad) died in Zhai, and he was going to the countryside for a funeral, and the coffin (funerary objects) was gone. Disappointed, come to a thorough (withdrawal) banquet and give you a generous (zhūu relief) to finish. The guest sighed and cried.
25. Choose the relevant words that best reflect Fan Zhongyan's thought of "worrying about the world first".
26. The Story of Yueyang Tower was written by Fan Zhongyan at the invitation of Teng, who should keep the distance between rivers and lakes. It is intended to comfort each other and encourage himself. According to the story described in this short article, what's your new understanding of the sentence "You are far away in Jianghu, and you are worried about your husband"?