Emperor Taizong defrauded the Lanting Preface in classical Chinese as follows:
When he arrived at Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong was determined to learn the books of the two kings and copy the original works, but he didn't get the Preface to Lanting. After the interview, I learned that I was in the eloquence department and was summoned three times. Eloquence lies that I don't know where the mess is. Fang Lingxuan suggested that suggestion Xiao Yizhi take him. Xiao Yi went incognito, pretended to be a poor scholar, played chess and chanted, and wrote a forgotten book. Later, he boasted about what he had hidden, and hung his original "Preface to Lanting" on the roof for display, so he took the post for Xiao Yi. On his deathbed, Emperor Taizong ordered several copies to be given to the princes of the Prince. He said to Li Zhi, "I want something from you. If you are sincere and filial, how can you violate my heart? " what do you think? "So, the preface to Lanting Collection was originally buried in Zhaoling.
He Congyun said that the above story was told by the disciples of Wen Debate in the old room of Yongxing Temple Zhiyong Zen Master.
On March 3rd, the 9th year of Chuanyong (353), Wang Xizhi and 465,438+0 people, including literary friends, relatives Xie An and Sun Chuo. Setting a ceremony in Lanting is a kind of etiquette and custom to meet the water and eliminate disasters. Drinking and composing poems, Wang Xizhi prefaced with drunkenness, counting 28 lines and 324 words. After waking up, I wrote hundreds of stories, all of which were not as good as the original, so I was called "the most proud book".
Wang Xizhi regarded the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion as a family heirloom, which was handed down from generation to generation until the seventh generation of the Wangs used it. Zhiyong became a monk and handed the original ancestral book to disciple Cai Bian.
In the early Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin collected a large number of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy treasures and studied them frequently. He praised the original "Preface to the Lanting Pavilion" and paid a lot of money for many times, but nothing came of it.
Later, it was found that the original preface to Lanting Collection was in the hands of a monk named Cai Bian in Huiji, which led to the story that Emperor Taizong defrauded the original preface to Lanting Collection and was buried in Zhaoling with Emperor Taizong. This story adds a legendary and mysterious atmosphere to the Preface to Lanting.
The eloquent monk is good at calligraphy and painting, and collects the Preface of Lanting Collection in the dark between the beams. In desperation, Emperor Taizong sent suggestion Xiao Yi to Yuezhou to design and cheat the original.
Dressed up as a poor scholar, Xiao Yi visited him and made friends with Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi. They often drink, write poems and comment on the paintings and calligraphy of the two kings. When the wine was hot, eloquence finally revealed that he had the original book "Preface to Lanting".
Xiao Yi's debater regarded him as a "good friend" and lost his guard. He put the original Lanting on the console table instead of putting it back in the dark sill between the beams. One day, knowing that the debater was going out, Xiao Yi sneaked into the monk's room and stole the original work of Lanting Jishi.
Xiao Yi stole the original Lanting, went to the local official office, and ordered him to preach eloquence and knock on the empire. After the debater arrived, Xiao Yi told him that he had come by imperial decree to get the preface of Lanting Collection, and now he has it, so he was asked to say goodbye. After listening to eloquence, he fainted and died of shock and regret.
After receiving the original work of Wang Xizhi, Emperor Taizong imitated and extended it, and gave his prince a near minister. On his deathbed, he was buried in Zhaoling.
Therefore, this "best running script in the world" was buried underground.
Dragon Book is the most famous ink in Tang Dynasty, and Dingwu Book is the first stone carving.
This matter has repercussions. According to the Biography of the New Five Dynasties, Tao Wen, our ambassador in Yaozhou, Hou Liang, once stole Zhaoling: "Tao Cong walked on the road and saw the palace system, which was as majestic as the world. There is a stone bed in the middle east and west compartments. In the stone letter on the bed, there are iron boxes, books from past lives, Zhong Wang's handwriting, and new paper and ink, which Taoxi took to the world. "
According to records, the original Preface to the Lanting Pavilion was rediscovered by Wen Tao, a grave robber. However, Zhaoling has 2 1, and it is not sure whether it was really stolen.
In addition, Cai Ting said in Episode of the Song Dynasty that when the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion was buried together, it was made by Li Shimin sisters and replaced with a fake, and the original remained in the world.
However, since then, the original news of Lanting Preface is like a yellow crane, and its whereabouts are even more mysterious.
Wang Xizhi (303-36 1, 32 1-379), the original author of Preface to Lanting Collection, was a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, named Shao Yi, surnamed Lian Zhai, Han nationality, whose ancestral home was in Linyi (now Shandong), and later moved to Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and lived in seclusion in his later years. Later, he was the secretariat of Huiji, who led the right general and was called "Wang Youjun" and "Wang Huiji". He was a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. His son, Wang Xianzhi, is also good at calligraphy, and the world is collectively known as the "two kings". Since then, the Wangs' calligraphy talents have come forth in large numbers. He died in the fifth year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (36 1) and was buried in Jinting Waterfall Mountain (also known as Ziteng Mountain). The fifth house in Sun Heng is Jinting Temple, and the website still exists.
Wang Xizhi's representative works include: Huang Tingjing in regular script, On Le Yi, Seventeen Guas in cursive script, Gua for Aunt, Gua for Quick Snow, Gua for Funeral, Preface to Lanting Collection, etc. Among them, Preface to Lanting Collection is highly praised by calligraphers of all ages and is known as "the best running script in the world". Wang Jian is good at following the laws of reason, grass, model and behavior. He carefully studied his body, imitated his heart and chased his hand, learned from others, prepared his body and melted into a furnace. He got rid of the style of writing in Han and Wei dynasties and became a family of his own, with far-reaching influence. His calligraphy is peaceful and natural, and his brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, graceful and graceful. Later generations commented: "If you float in the clouds, you will be surprised by the moss", "Yue Long Tianmen, the tiger lies in the phoenix pavilion" and "Nature is natural, and the abundant gods cover all generations", which was praised as "the sage of books" by later generations.
Wang Xizhi seldom learned books from his uncle, and later from Mrs. Wei. He can see famous calligraphers since the Han and Wei Dynasties, Zhang Zhi in cursive script and Zhong You in orthography. His brushwork is open and handsome, and his structure is rigorous. As a national treasure, Emperor Taizong called on the world to copy his handwriting, and his calligraphy became an authentic style instead of Han and Wei brushwork. In the past, all kinds of inscriptions were engraved with seal script or official script, and Wang Xizhi's later calligraphy can also be engraved. It is said that Li Shimin was buried with his running script Preface to Lanting, which was handed down from generation to generation as a manuscript.
In the 9th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (353), on the third day of the third lunar month, Wang Xizhi, Xie An, Sun Chuo and other 4/kloc-0 people were in Lanting, Shaoxing, drinking and composing poems, and improvising the Preface to Xi. This is the famous Preface to Lanting Collection. This post is a draft with 28 lines and 324 words. Described the scene of the collection of literati at that time. Because the author was in high spirits and was very proud of his writing. It is said that I couldn't write anymore. Among them, there are more than twenty "zhi" characters, which are written in different ways. Mi Fei called it "the best running script in the world" in Song Dynasty.
Preface to Lanting was called Preface to Linjiang in Jin Dynasty, and later generations also called Preface to Xiu, Preface to Tie and Preface to Lanting, with 28 lines and 324 words. According to legend, on March 3rd, the 9th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 353), the sky was clear and calm, and Wang Xizhi and Xie. Facing the beautiful scenery and friends, Wang Xizhi wrote this preface with silk paper and moustache on a whim. After returning home, Wang Xizhi rewrote it dozens of times, which was not as good as the original, so he liked it very much himself. He gave it to his descendants and passed it on to Wang Xizhi's seventh generation Sun Zhiyong, who had no children and gave it to his disciples for preservation. In the tenth year of Zhenguan (AD 636), calligraphers such as Feng Chengsu, Yu Shinan and Chu Suiliang were asked to copy ten copies and give them to the recent ministers. After his death, the original works were brought to Zhaoling as funerary objects. So far, we can't see the original work of Preface to Lanting, but only the first-class copy of Tang Dynasty. The most authentic copy of the Tang Dynasty is Feng Chengsu's copy, which is also called "Dragon Book" because the title of Tang Zhongzong Li Xian is printed before and after the post. Guo Tianci called it "Dragon Book", "elegant brushwork, gorgeous ink color, beautiful, fascinating."
The Preface to the Lanting Pavilion is colorful, patchwork and ever-changing, and the 20 words "ambition" in the post have their own merits. With a pen, the center is bone, and the edge pen is beautiful. Sometimes it contains storage, and sometimes it is sharp. Especially the composition, from beginning to end, looks at the pen, looks at the back, is sparse, disconnected, vivid and natural. Therefore, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Dong Qichang said in "Essays on Painting Zen Rooms": "The preface to the composition of Lanting in the right army is the first in ancient and modern times, and its words, big or small, are reflected in the Dharma, so it is God. The most commendable thing is that the style of Preface to Lanting contains the author's skillful pen and ink skills, profound traditional skills, extensive cultural accomplishment and noble artistic sentiment. Preface to Lanting is also called Preface to Lanting, Preface to Lanting, Preface to He Lin, Preface to Rang and Post to Rang. On March 3rd, the 9th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 353), 41 people, including Wang Xizhi, Xie An and Sun Chuo, wrote Poems in Yinshan Lanting (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). At the meeting, Wang Xizhi wrote a preface for their poems. The Preface to Lanting Collection narrates the beauty of landscape and the joy of gathering around Lanting, and expresses the author's feelings of impermanence of life and death. Calligraphy has been handed down from generation to generation, with 28 lines and 324 words. The composition, structure and brushwork are all perfect, which is his masterpiece in middle age.