Korean phonetic characters were created in 1443. Sejong of the Korean dynasty ordered the creation of an easy-to-learn phonography for ordinary people. According to the king's command, scholars created a phonography composed of 1 1 vowels and 14 consonants. When this King James Version was promulgated, it was called "training the people to correct their pronunciation". However, the ruling class still only uses Chinese characters. Women and children use pinyin. Articles written in pinyin are called proverbs and are discriminated against.
After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, South Korea set off a "civilized" movement. In the reform of "changing Zhang", the feudal system was attacked and the solar calendar was introduced into South Korea. Since then, the excessive use of Chinese characters in books and texts has changed to the combination of Chinese characters and pinyin characters. South Korea was reduced to the Japanese colonial era, and it was determined that "the country (referring to Japan) was used in both Chinese and English". At that time, North Korean phonetic alphabet scholars were regarded as followers of anti-Japanese thought and were brutally suppressed. During the Second World War, the Governor's Office ordered the dissolution of the Korean Society that studied phonography, and some scholars were arrested and imprisoned. Due to the above historical reasons, the use of phonography became a symbol of nationalism and was regarded as a symbol of anti-Japanese patriotism.
1945, South Korea was rescued from colonial rule. New Korea advocates nationalism. Scholars of phonetic writing stand at the forefront of carrying forward the national spirit and put forward that all phonetic writing is equal to patriotism. 1948 as soon as the government was established, it immediately enacted the special law on phonograms, which stipulated that all official documents should use phonograms. However, the additional clauses of official documents allow the use of Chinese characters and phonetic symbols.
Take Pinyin as a symbol of nationalism.
South Korea vigorously promoted the comprehensive application of phonography, starting from 1950 Korean War. During the war, young people from all over the country joined the army for training. Because of the uneven academic qualifications, I can't read textbooks mixed with Chinese characters. So first of all, phonetic symbols are used uniformly in the army. Then spread to the whole society to use phonography.
On the other hand, the use of Chinese characters was completely abolished in the northern part of Korea from 1949, and phonography was gradually used. However, in 1968, under the instruction of Kim Il Sung, the scheme of using all pinyin characters was revised, and Chinese character education was gradually restored. At present, Korean primary school students learn Chinese characters from the fifth grade until they graduate from high school, learning a total of 1500 Chinese characters. I will study again in college 1500. * * * Teach 3000 Chinese characters. Also in 1968, South Korean President park chung-hee ordered that from 1970, the use of Chinese characters was banned in official documents and forcibly abolished in textbooks.
In view of the critical pressure of public opinion on the abolition of Chinese character education, the Korean government began to revise the policy of completely abolishing the use of Chinese characters.
1972 decided to resume Chinese character education in junior and senior high schools. 1974 decided to learn 1800 basic Chinese characters (junior high school 900, senior high school 900). Chinese characters in brackets are also allowed in national common language and national history textbooks.