Sancao: "Sancao" refers to Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi in the Three Kingdoms period.
Cao Cao (155-220) was a statesman, strategist and poet in the Han and Wei Dynasties. The word Meng De was born in (now Bo County, Anhui Province). He has profound knowledge in literature, calligraphy and music. Today, there are less than 20 of his poems, all of which are Yuefu poems, such as Good, A Journey to Bitter Cold, Walking Out of the Summer Gate, Drinking Wine, Short Songs and so on.
Cao Pi (187-226), Wei Wenren. Bian Shi, Cao Cao's wife, gave birth to a child. He has little talent, reading ancient and modern classics and books of a hundred schools of thought. There are about 40 existing poems, such as Lotus Pond, Yu Xuanwu Pi, Xia Shi, Li Yang Shi, Ge Yanxing, Qinghe Farewell and Miscellaneous Poems.
Cao Zhi (192-232), Zi Zijian. Bian Shi's third son, Cao Cao's wife. He was smart since childhood, about 10 years old, and read hundreds of thousands of words, which won Cao Cao's favor. Cao Cao thinks that Cao Zhi is the "most important" among the philosophers, and he wants to make him a prince several times. However, due to his laissez-faire behavior and repeated violations of the law, he later changed his mind and made Cao Pi a prince.
Qizi: The collective name of seven writers in Jian 'an period (196 ~ 220). Include Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy and Liu Zhen.
The name of "seven sons" began with Cao Pi's Dian Lun Paper: "Today's literati include Lu Kongju, Guangling Chen Zhang, Wang Shen, Beihai Xu, Liu Chen Ruan Yu Yuan Yu, Runan Xingyang Delian, and Dongping businessman Liu Zhen. People who have given birth to seven children have nothing to learn and nothing to write. "These seven people generally represent outstanding writers except Cao Shi and his son during the Jian 'an period, so the theory of' seven sons' has been widely recognized by later generations. Except Kong Rong and Cao Cao, the other six ethnic groups had different experiences, but they all suffered from the rebellion at the end of Han Dynasty. Later, when he defected to Cao Cao, his position changed and he lived a stable and prosperous life. They regard Cao Cao as their confidant and want to rely on him to do something. Therefore, their poems have many similarities with Cao Shi's father and son. Because the seven sons of Jian 'an once lived together in Nakano, Weidu, they were also called "the seven sons of Nakano".
In Seven Sons, everyone has the same name. Cao Zhi, RoyceWong and Serina Liu are also called "Wang Cao" and "Cao Liu". Xiao Gang in the Southern Dynasties and Wang Shu in Xiangdong: "Yangma and Wang Cao are far away, and Pan Lu and Xie Yan are near." Zhong Rong's poem: "Cao Liu wrote before the sages." Wang Rong and Serina Liu are also called "Liu Wang". Hu's Poems: "Both Wang and Liu go down and perfunctory."
Jian' an literature: Jian' an literature is the literature with the most spirit of the times, which is the value of Jian' an literature showing its unique style beyond the previous generation literature. In other words, it is the soul of Jian 'an literature which embodies the spirit of the times and is closely related to the background of the times. Jian 'an Rebellion originated from Dong Zhuo's Rebellion, which was the result of consorts and eunuchs seizing power from each other at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Dong Zhuo's rebellion turned the bustling Kyoto into a scorched earth. "Two hundred miles of inner rooms are swinging open, and chickens and dogs are restless"? 8? 9。 In the face of bleak social reality, writers in this period can't help but stimulate their creative passion. Liu Xie said in Wen Xin Diao Long: "Guan Yu is elegant, good things are scattered in the world, bad things are common, and the ambition is deep and the pen is long, so we see more outlines." This just shows the positive effect of turbulent social reality on Jian 'an literature.
At the same time, the relatively stable social environment in the late Jian 'an period also had a positive impact on Jian 'an literature. Cao Cao captured Yecheng first, then destroyed Yuan Tan, occupied Yizhou, and gradually unified the northern Jian 'an in thirteen years. The trend of tripartite confrontation has become, and Wei, Shu and Wu are actively resuming production. At this time, the social environment is relatively stable and the material life is relatively rich. The stable social environment provides them with creative conditions, so that their creative talents can be brought into play. Diderot once said, "When did poets come into being? It was after experiencing great disasters and hardships that sleepy people began to breathe. At that time, the imagination was stimulated by sad scenes, which would depict things that people who had not experienced in later generations did not know. At that time, emotions were accumulating and brewing in the mind. Anyone who has a tongue needs to speak, so spit it out quickly. " The prosperity of Jian 'an literature embodies this point. The turbulent society in the early stage provided them with creative materials, and the stable social life provided them with creative conditions. The tragic disaster is still fresh in my memory, not to mention that just after the war, many places were devastated and so many deeply experienced works came out.
Jian 'an Style: Jian 'an Style is a symbol of Jian 'an literature.
Jian 'an is the title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. At that time, the representative writers "Three Cao" and "Seven Zi" both experienced social unrest and suffered from war and vicissitudes. Their works have inherited the tradition of narration in Han Yuefu and lyricism in Nineteen Ancient Poems. On the one hand, they reflect social disasters and people's sufferings; On the other hand, they expressed their ideals of making contributions, saving the world, helping the people and achieving national stability and reunification. The words in the works are magnificent and of high character, forming a unique style of "generosity and sadness". This creative principle and aesthetic characteristics with strong spirit of the times were later called "Jian 'an style". This is one of the fine traditions with far-reaching influence in the history of China literature.